The Snot News | A Blog by Dr. Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH

How to Treat a Sinus Infection: Effective Relief and When to See an ENT Specialist

Wed, 08 Apr 2026 14:00:20 GMT

A sinus infection can make even simple daily activities uncomfortable. Symptoms like nasal congestion, facial pressure, headaches, and thick nasal drainage can make it hard to breathe, sleep, or focus throughout the day.

If you're wondering how to treat a sinus infection, the first step is understanding what’s causing your symptoms and which treatments can help. Many sinus infections improve with simple home care, while others may require treatment from an ear, nose, and throat (ENT) specialist .

Below, we’ll explain common sinus infection symptoms, effective treatment options, and when it’s time to see a sinus specialist.

What Is a Sinus Infection?

A sinus infection, also known as sinusitis , occurs when the sinus cavities become inflamed and swollen. The sinuses are hollow spaces located:

Behind the nose
Around the eyes
In the forehead
In the cheekbones

When these cavities become blocked, mucus cannot drain properly, allowing viruses or bacteria to grow and cause infection.

Sinus infections are commonly triggered by:

Viral infections such as the common cold
Bacterial infections
Allergies
Nasal polyps
A deviated septum
Chronic nasal inflammation

Understanding the cause of sinusitis is important because it helps determine the most effective sinus infection treatment.

Common Sinus Infection Symptoms

Sinus infection symptoms can range from mild to severe. Because the early symptoms often resemble a lingering cold or allergies, many people don’t realize they may be experiencing sinusitis.

Common symptoms include:

Nasal congestion or blocked sinuses
Thick yellow or green nasal discharge
Facial pressure or pain around the eyes, nose, or cheeks
Headaches or sinus pressure
Postnasal drip
Reduced sense of smell or taste
Fatigue
Persistent cough (often worse at night)
Bad breath
Fever in some cases

If symptoms last longer than 10 days or worsen after initially improving, the infection may be bacterial rather than viral.

How to Treat a Sinus Infection at Home

Many mild sinus infections improve with supportive care. These remedies help reduce inflammation, improve drainage, and relieve pressure in the sinus passages.

Stay Hydrated . Drinking plenty of fluids helps thin mucus, making it easier for your sinuses to drain. Water, herbal teas, and clear broths are excellent options.
Use Saline Nasal Irrigation. Saline sprays or nasal rinses help flush mucus, allergens, and irritants from the nasal passages. Regular nasal irrigation can reduce congestion and improve sinus drainage.
Apply Warm Compresses. Placing a warm compress on the nose, cheeks, or forehead can help relieve facial pressure and sinus pain. Heat promotes circulation and encourages mucus to drain.
Use a Humidifier. Dry indoor air can irritate the sinuses and worsen congestion. A humidifier adds moisture to the air, which can help soothe inflamed sinus passages and improve breathing.
Rest and Allow Your Body to Recover. Adequate rest supports your immune system and helps your body fight infections more effectively.

Over-the-Counter Treatments for Sinus Infections

Several over-the-counter medications may help relieve symptoms while your body recovers.

Decongestants. Decongestants can help reduce swelling in the nasal passages by constricting blood vessels, which may temporarily relieve congestion and improve sinus airflow. However, they provide symptom relief only and do not treat the underlying infection.
Pain Relievers. Pain relievers such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen can help reduce headaches, facial pain, and fever associated with sinus infections.
Nasal Steroid Sprays. Nasal corticosteroid sprays help reduce inflammation inside the nasal passages and may improve sinus drainage.

When Antibiotics Are Needed for a Sinus Infection

Most sinus infections are caused by viruses and do not require antibiotics .

However, antibiotics may be necessary when a doctor determines that the infection is bacterial.

Signs that antibiotics may be recommended include:

Symptoms lasting longer than 10 days without improvement
High fever with facial pain or swelling
Symptoms that improve and then suddenly worsen

A sinus specialist can evaluate your symptoms and determine the best treatment approach.

When to See an ENT Specialist for a Sinus Infection

If sinus infections occur frequently or symptoms persist despite treatment, it may be time to see an ENT (ear, nose, and throat) specialist.

You should consider seeing a specialist if:

Sinus symptoms last longer than 10–14 days
You experience recurrent sinus infections
Over-the-counter treatments do not provide relief
Facial pain or sinus pressure becomes severe
Nasal congestion becomes chronic

An ENT doctor can evaluate whether underlying issues such as chronic sinusitis, nasal polyps, allergies, or structural nasal problems are contributing to recurring infections.

Advanced Treatments for Chronic Sinus Problems

For patients with persistent or recurring sinus infections, a sinus doctor may recommend specialized treatments such as:

Prescription medications
Allergy management
Nasal endoscopy to examine sinus passages
Balloon sinuplasty to improve sinus drainage
Treatment for nasal obstruction or polyps

These treatments are designed to restore proper sinus function and reduce the risk of future infections.

Get Expert Sinus Care at Higgins Sinus

If you’re dealing with frequent sinus infections, chronic sinus pressure, or ongoing congestion, professional care can help identify the root cause and provide long-lasting relief.

Dr. Thomas Higgins at Higgins Sinus specializes in diagnosing and treating sinus conditions, including:

Chronic sinusitis
Nasal obstruction
Recurrent sinus infections

With advanced diagnostic tools and minimally invasive treatments, patients can find lasting relief and breathe easier.

Schedule a consultation today to take the first step toward better sinus health.

Chronic Sinusitis vs. Seasonal Allergies: How to Tell the Difference

Mon, 30 Mar 2026 15:59:45 GMT

Many people confuse the symptoms of chronic sinus problems with seasonal allergies, and understandably so. Both conditions involve the stuffy-nose feeling that comes with inflammation of the nasal passages. If you want to feel better, you must get to the root cause of the problem. That starts with being able to tell the difference between chronic sinusitis and seasonal allergies.

Sinusitis vs Allergies: Consider Your Symptoms First

There are a few telltale signs of each condition that can help you differentiate them. Sinusitis is an umbrella term for inflammation of the sinuses , which are the hollow cavities behind your nose, around your eyes, and in your cheekbones.

The cause of this inflammation can vary from infection to environmental allergies, such as dust mites. The symptoms, however, are mostly the same regardless of the reason. Some of the symptoms unique to sinusitis include:

Pain around the forehead, eyes, and cheeks
Bad breath
Cough
Sore throat
Postnasal drip that tastes bad
Light fever

Seasonal allergies are an immune system reaction to an allergen, such as pollen. Some standout symptoms for allergies include:

Itchy eyes
Wheezing
Sneezing
Other signs of a reaction, such as hives

You may experience a stuffy or runny nose with both chronic sinusitis and seasonal allergies.

Timing Is Everything with Seasonal Allergies

As the name suggests, seasonal allergies occur around the same time every year. For example, if you experience symptoms every spring, then you may be allergic to pollen from the budding trees. In early summer, the allergen may be grass pollen; in the fall, ragweed. The symptoms will also disappear on schedule as the allergens clear the air. Chronic sinusitis is less predictable.

Do Antihistamines Help?

Antihistamines are commonly used to treat seasonal allergies . They work by blocking histamine, a chemical the body releases when it reacts to allergens.

Antihistamines can help relieve symptoms such as:

Sneezing
Itchy eyes
Runny nose

However, antihistamines usually do not relieve chronic sinusitis symptoms, because sinusitis often involves infection, structural blockage, or long-term inflammation.

Can You Have Both Chronic Sinusitis and Seasonal Allergies?

Yes, it is possible to have both chronic sinusitis and seasonal allergies.

In fact, allergies can sometimes lead to sinus infections . When allergic reactions cause swelling in the nasal passages, the sinuses may become blocked. This prevents normal drainage and allows bacteria to grow, increasing the risk of sinusitis.

If you have allergies and begin experiencing facial pain, fever, or thick nasal discharge, it may indicate a sinus infection developing on top of allergy symptoms.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Schedule Your Appointment with an ENT Specialist

If you are experiencing persistent sinus symptoms and are unsure whether they are caused by chronic sinusitis or seasonal allergies, a professional evaluation can help.

Dr. Thomas Higgins provides expert diagnosis and treatment for sinus conditions, nasal congestion, and allergy-related sinus problems.

Schedule an appointment today to determine the cause of your symptoms and start the right treatment.

What Does Sinus Pressure Feel Like?

Tue, 17 Mar 2026 14:03:37 GMT

A Louisville Sinus Doctor Explains the Symptoms, Causes, and Relief Options

If you live in Louisville, Kentucky, and feel a constant tightness or throbbing pain in your face—especially around your eyes, cheeks, or forehead—you may be experiencing sinus pressure. As a common reason patients visit a sinus doctor in Louisville, sinus pressure can range from mild discomfort to pain that interferes with daily life.

Understanding what sinus pressure feels like, why it happens, and when to see a specialist can help you find lasting relief and avoid recurring infections.

What Does Sinus Pressure Feel Like?

Sinus pressure can feel different depending on which sinus cavities are inflamed or blocked. Patients commonly describe the following symptoms:

1. Facial Fullness or Congestion: Many people report a heavy, swollen feeling in the face, as if pressure is building behind the eyes, across the cheeks, or in the forehead. This fullness can make your face feel tight—even if there’s no visible swelling.

2. Deep, Dull Facial Pain: Unlike sharp headaches, sinus pressure usually causes a deep, aching pain that may pulse with your heartbeat. It’s often felt in specific areas :

Forehead (frontal sinuses)
Cheeks and upper jaw (maxillary sinuses)
Between or behind the eyes (ethmoid sinuses)

This pain often worsens when bending forward or lying flat.

3. Tooth or Jaw Pain: Sinus pressure in the cheek sinuses can press on nearby nerves, causing a dull ache in the upper teeth or jaw. Many Louisville sinus patients initially think this is a dental issue.

4. Pressure That Worsens with Movement: Sinus-related pressure often increases when:

Bending over
Exercising or straining
Lying down
Quickly moving your head

This is a key sign that the pain is sinus-related rather than a typical headache.

5. Eye Pressure and Light Sensitivity: Inflamed sinuses between the eyes can cause soreness, tenderness, or sensitivity to light, sometimes described as a pushing or bulging sensation behind the eyes.

6. Ear Fullness and Head Pressure: Because the sinuses are connected to the ears, sinus pressure may also cause:

Ear fullness or popping
Mild dizziness
Front-of-the-head headaches
Facial tenderness to touch

Sinus Pressure vs. Other Head Pain

A sinus doctor often helps patients differentiate sinus pressure from other conditions:

Sinus Pressure vs. Migraine : Migraines are often one-sided and accompanied by nausea, light sensitivity or visual changes. Sinus pressure is usually felt in the face and paired with congestion.
Sinus Pressure vs. Tension Headache : Tension headaches feel like a tight band around the head, while sinus pressure is localized to the facial sinuses.
Sinus Pressure vs. Tooth Pain : Sinus-related tooth pain affects multiple upper teeth and occurs alongside nasal symptoms.

What Causes Sinus Pressure?

Sinus pressure occurs when sinus cavities become inflamed or blocked, preventing proper drainage. Common causes include:

Colds and viral infections
Bacterial sinus infections
Seasonal allergies (very common in Louisville due to pollen levels)
Environmental irritants like smoke or pollution
Structural issues such as a deviated septum or nasal polyps
Changes in barometric pressure, especially before storms or during air travel

When to See a Sinus Doctor in Louisville

You should consider seeing an ENT or sinus specialist if you experience:

Symptoms lasting longer than 10 days
Severe facial pain or pressure
Repeated sinus infections each year
Fever or symptoms that worsen after initial improvement
Swelling around the eyes or vision changes

A sinus specialist can determine whether allergies, chronic sinusitis, or anatomical issues are causing your symptoms and recommend targeted treatment—from medical therapy to minimally invasive sinus procedures.

If you’re struggling with persistent sinus pressure, Dr. Thomas Higgins , a trusted Louisville sinus doctor, can help identify the cause and guide you toward long-term relief.

Schedule a sinus evaluation today to start breathing—and feeling—better.

Simple Diet and Lifestyle Changes to Reduce Sinus Inflammation

Fri, 06 Mar 2026 15:00:27 GMT

Often, chronic sinus problems are due to ongoing inflammation. Making simple changes to your lifestyle and diet might help dial down that inflammation, relieve the pressure, and help you breathe better.

Foods That Help Sinus Health

The anti-inflammatory diet emphasizes foods with anti-inflammatory properties and limits those that can lead to inflammation. Some anti-inflammatory foods include:

Whole fruits and vegetables, the more colorful, the better
Whole grains
Healthy fats like olive oil or fatty fish
Omega-3 fatty acids from nuts, flaxseed, or fish
Power spices like ginger or curcumin

Try to eliminate processed foods from your diet, like candy, deli meats, frozen dinners, processed grains, and sugary drinks.

Hydrate Your Body Inside and Out

Drinking plenty of water will help thin the mucus and allow it to drain more easily. That will relieve some of the pressure you feel in your sinuses. Also, the steam from hot fluids like tea or broth can help moisturize your nasal passages.

Consider setting up a cold-mist humidifier in the bedroom. It can also keep nasal passages moist and less prone to irritation.

Keep Your Environment Clean

Irritants and allergens in your environment increase your risk of chronic sinusitis and sinus inflammation. Keep your home free of contaminants that pollute the air, such as cigarette smoke.

Also, avoid common allergens such as dust, pollen, and animal dander. Allergies can lead to sinus inflammation, which may turn into an infection.

Manage Your Stress

Stress weakens your immune system, and that can make inflammation worse. If you experience chronic stress, try adding activities to your lifestyle that can help relieve it naturally, such as:

Mediation
Yoga
Deep breathing
Creative hobbies

Finding ways to cope with stress can reduce your risk of developing sinusitis .

Practice Good Sleep Hygiene

Sleep is another critical element in maintaining a strong immune system and keeping inflammation at bay. Try to get between seven and nine hours of sleep each day. Go to bed and wake up at the same time, even on weekends, and make your bedroom as comfortable as possible.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Does inflammation cause sinus infections?

Yes, it is a contributing factor. If you have chronic sinus infections , then controlling inflammation through diet and lifestyle changes may help.

When should I see an ENT doctor for nasal passage inflammation?

See a specialist like Dr. Higgins if you have chronic sinus infections or symptoms such as a stuffy nose for more than 12 weeks.

Make an Appointment with Our ENT Specialist to Relieve Nasal Inflammation

Lifestyle changes for sinuses — controlling stress, getting enough sleep, exercising, eating an anti-inflammatory diet, and maintaining a clean environment — can go a long way toward relieving inflammation in the nasal passages. It’s also critical that you see an ENT specialist, like Dr. Higgins, who serves Louisville, Kentucky, and Southern Indiana, to treat chronic sinus problems.

Even with lifestyle changes, inflammation of the nasal passages can impact your overall health. Dr. Thomas S. Higgins can work with you to reduce that inflammation and help you breathe easily again.

Sinus Doctor for Seasonal Allergies & Sinus Pressure | Higgins Sinus

Mon, 23 Feb 2026 21:25:24 GMT

Seasonal allergies can do more than cause sneezing and itchy eyes. For many patients, allergies trigger significant sinus pressure, congestion, and even recurring sinus infections. If over-the-counter medications are no longer working, it may be time to see an experienced sinus doctor.

How Seasonal Allergies Affect Your Sinuses

Your sinuses are air-filled cavities that produce mucus to trap dust, pollen, and environmental irritants. During allergy season, your immune system reacts to triggers like pollen, mold, and dust. This reaction causes inflammation and swelling in the nasal passages.

When swelling blocks normal sinus drainage, mucus builds up and creates pressure. This can lead to:

Facial pain and sinus pressure
Nasal congestion
Postnasal drip
Headaches
Fatigue
Reduced sense of smell
Recurring sinus infections

If these symptoms persist, worsen, or frequently return, evaluation by a sinus specialist can help prevent long-term complications.

Is It Allergies or Chronic Sinusitis?

How can you tell the difference between an allergy and chronic sinusitis ? Allergies come and go with the changing pollen, but chronic sinusitis lasts 12 weeks or more. During that time, you'll notice cloudy drainage from your nose, fever, pain, toothaches, pressure around your face and eyes, and other problems

How to Prepare for Allergy Season

Preparing for allergy season can help reduce the impact on your sinuses, improving your overall quality of life. If you predictably suffer from seasonal allergies at the same time each year, making changes at home and the workplace can help create an environment that's better for your body.

Change air filters: Change the air filters in your HVAC system to filter more dust and pollen from the air.
Use HEPA filters: HEPA stands for "high efficiency particulate air." These filters remove small particles from the air and can help reduce allergy symptoms.
Keep windows closed: When the pollen is high, keep your windows closed to protect your indoor environment.

Staying hydrated and limiting your outdoor exposure during peak pollen hours can also help prevent a strong allergic response. Shower after outdoor activities to remove unseen pollen from your clothes and hair.

How to Treat Sinus Problems from Allergies

While there is a range of over-the-counter medications that can help reduce your allergic response, your doctor may prescribe more powerful medications, including decongestants, nasal sprays, and allergy medications.

Advanced treatments include allergy testing and immunotherapy to reduce your response to allergens. If you suffer from chronic sinus blockage, a balloon sinuplasty can improve drainage and reduce or stop symptoms.

Chronic sinus problems often don't go away by themselves. If you suffer from sinus problems stemming from your seasonal allergies, an experienced ENT doctor can help you find relief.

Find Relief at Higgins Sinus

Working with a trusted sinus doctor can provide long-term relief and help prevent chronic inflammation before it worsens. If you struggle with sinus pressure, recurring infections, or persistent congestion during allergy season, expert care can make all the difference.

At Higgins Sinus, Dr. Higgins and his team specialize in comprehensive sinus care, including advanced allergy management, chronic sinusitis treatment, and minimally invasive balloon sinuplasty. Our goal is not just temporary symptom relief — but lasting improvement in your breathing, sleep, and overall quality of life.

Relief starts with the right diagnosis — and the right specialist. Schedule your consultation today and take the first step toward clearer breathing.

Can Changing the Air You Breathe Improve Your Sinus Health?

Wed, 11 Feb 2026 15:00:23 GMT

Sinus problems can have a variety of causes. For many patients, air quality is a factor that affects their sinus health. Treating allergy and sinus symptoms works best when patients take steps to improve their air quality.

Key takeaways from this article:

● Good air quality can increase comfort, reduce inflammation, and reduce the risk of sinus infection.

● If you suffer from chronic sinus trouble, improving the air you breathe can improve your sinus health.

How Air Quality Impacts Your Sinuses

The sinuses use mucus to filter and humidify the air you breathe. Breathing dry, polluted, allergen-rich air can trigger inflammation and an unmanageable buildup of mucus inside the sinuses. Often, people who suffer from allergy flare-ups and problems like chronic sinusitis can manage their symptoms by improving the air they breathe.

Common Air Irritants That Affect Sinuses

Air irritants are all around us, in our homes and outdoors. While the type of air irritants that affect people can vary from one person to the next, some air irritants are known for triggering people with allergies. Here are some of the irritants found inside and outside:

Pet dander
Mold spores
Dust mites
Smoke
Pollution
Pollen
Cleaning chemicals

For many people, these irritants do more than trigger allergy symptoms. They also affect their sinuses and their overall health. By triggering a strong mucus response, these irritants can cause inflammation that leads to clogs in the sinuses, leaving patients feeling plugged up and miserable.

How to Improve Indoor Air for Sinus Health

There are many things you can do to improve your indoor air quality.

Improve air filtration : Use a combination of HEPA filters, regular HVAC maintenance, and portable air filters to improve your indoor air quality.
Clean regularly: Vacuum your home with a high-powered HEPA vacuum, wash bedding frequently in hot water, and dust your home regularly.
Maintain a properly humid environment: Maintain a home humidity between 30 and 50% to prevent dryness inside your sinuses and nasal passages.
Keep pets out of the bedroom: Limit pet access to areas of your house where you do not sleep.

If you live with someone who smokes, ask them to please smoke outside the house to improve your indoor air quality.

How to Stay Healthy Outdoors

Tracking pollen counts via a weather app on your phone makes it easier to avoid outdoor activities on high pollen count days. If you do spend time outside, shower when you come indoors, and rinse your nasal passages to remove allergens and particles. Consider using a mask for outdoor activities like gardening.

When to Contact an ENT

While making changes to your indoor environment and outdoor activities can help you avoid sinus problems , these changes are not always enough to prevent sinus infections.

If you suffer from chronic sinusitis, this problem may be the result of structural issues inside your sinuses. Dr. Higgins can evaluate your sinuses and recommend a treatment plan to help, including prescription nasal sprays and sinus surgery . If you regularly suffer from sinus infections, consult with a professional.

Breathe Cleaner, Feel Better

When you improve indoor air quality sinuses can improve. This season, take small steps to improve the air quality in your home. Use humidity control, HEPA filters, and regular cleaning to make your house a safer place for your sinuses.

Working with an experienced ENT can also improve your quality of life. Contact Dr. Higgins to get started with a consultation.

How Long Should a Sinus Infection Last?

Thu, 29 Jan 2026 15:44:31 GMT

Sinus infections, also known as sinusitis , are a common condition that can significantly disrupt your daily life. If you’ve ever experienced pressure around your nose, forehead, or cheeks, along with congestion, headaches, or a runny nose, you understand how uncomfortable they can be. One of the most frequent questions patients ask is: “How long should a sinus infection last?”

What Is a Sinus Infection?

A sinus infection occurs when the sinuses, air-filled spaces in your face, become inflamed or blocked. This can be caused by:

Viral infections (most common, like a cold)
Bacterial infections (less common, may require antibiotics)
Allergies or chronic inflammation
Structural issues such as a deviated septum

Common symptoms can include:

Nasal congestion or stuffiness
Facial pain or pressure
Headache
Runny nose or post-nasal drip
Fever (sometimes)
Fatigue

How Long Does a Sinus Infection Last?

The duration of a sinus infection depends on its type:

Most acute sinus infections improve within 1–2 weeks. However, you should consult a sinus specialist if your symptoms persist beyond 10 days without improvement, worsen after initially getting better, or recur frequently.

Factors That Can Prolong Recovery

Several factors can influence how long a sinus infection lasts:

Overall health : A weakened immune system can delay healing.
Allergies : Ongoing allergies can perpetuate inflammation and blockages.
Smoking or exposure to irritants : Exposure can worsen sinus inflammation.
Structural nasal issues : Deviated septum or nasal polyps can contribute to chronic sinus problems.

When to See a Sinus Specialist

Consider seeking professional care if you experience:

Symptoms lasting more than 10 days without improvement
Severe facial pain, headache, or swelling
High fever (over 101.5°F)
Frequent sinus infections (more than 3–4 per year)
Symptoms that improve but then worsen again

Expert Sinus Care in Louisville, KY, and Southern Indiana

At Higgins Sinus , we focus on identifying the root cause of sinus problems, not just treating symptoms. Our care includes:

Advanced Diagnostic Testing to pinpoint the root cause of your sinus issues
Minimally Invasive Procedures , including in-office Balloon Sinuplasty
Personalized Treatment Plans for chronic sinusitis, allergies, and sleep-related breathing issues

Tips to Support Recovery at Home

While many sinus infections resolve on their own, you can help manage symptoms with these supportive measures:

Stay hydrated to thin mucus
Use a saline nasal rinse to clear sinuses
Apply warm compresses for facial pain relief
Rest to support your immune system
Avoid smoke and irritants

Note: Avoid unnecessary antibiotics for viral infections. They don’t help and can contribute to resistance.

Your Partner for Sinus and Airway Health

Dr. Thomas Higgins provides expert, compassionate care for patients in Louisville, KY, and Southern Indiana. By combining advanced technology with minimally invasive treatments, we help you breathe easier, sleep better, and live more comfortably.

Call us or schedule your appointment online today!

Tips for Faster Recovery After Sinus Surgery

Thu, 22 Jan 2026 23:37:28 GMT

Tips for Faster Recovery After Sinus Surgery

Key Takeaways

Sinus surgery recovery times vary depending on the type and extent of the surgery,
Although each surgery is different, in general, patients can hasten recovery by using saline rinses, allowing plenty of time for rest, elevating their heads, and avoiding blowing their noses.

ENT specialists often recommend surgery for tumors or relief from chronic rhinosinusitis when other methods have been ineffective. The type of surgery impacts recovery time. In most cases, patients can recover from sinus surgery within a week or two. Here are some tips for faster sinus surgery recovery.

Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery

Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) improves paranasal sinus function and reduces infection. Most patients can go home a few hours after FESS. Over-the-counter nasal saline sprays, used every 2 to 3 hours, can improve comfort, but avoid steroid nasal sprays. Sinus irrigation can also remove debris left behind during surgery. Elevating your head, avoiding strenuous activities, and getting proper rest also speed the healing process. The surgery may increase fatigue, so most patients will plan to take a week off from work.

Patients sometimes experience symptoms such as pain and bleeding. Extra-strength acetaminophen can manage pain, but avoid aspirin, ibuprofen, or naproxen. A small amount of bloody nasal drainage is to be expected for a few days. Often, a nasal drip pad can be used under the nose to catch the drainage. If nasal bleeding is excessive, tilt your head forward slightly and breathe gently through your nose. Avoid blowing the nose; instead, dab gently.

Balloon Sinuplasty

Balloon sinuplasty is a minimally invasive way to clear sinus passages, and patients generally recover quickly. Resting at home for 24 to 48 hours and avoiding strenuous activity for a week will speed recovery. Using a saline nasal spray and elevating the head helps with congestion. Most patients find the surgery to be pain-free.

Endoscopic Septoplasty

Endoscopic septoplasty is a minimally invasive treatment to correct a deviated septum, remove polyps, or treat obstructive sleep apnea. Initial recovery takes a few weeks, though overall bone healing may take longer. Patients can speed recovery by leaving any packing in their nose as instructed. Using a saline rinse and gently cleansing the opening of your nostrils with cotton swabs can also improve healing. Avoiding spicy foods and other stimuli that can cause sneezing, taking over-the-counter pain medications, and resting also speed up the process.

Frequently Asked Questions

Should I Expect Pain After Surgery?

The level of pain depends on the surgery type. Some surgeries, such as balloon sinuplasty, seldom cause pain. Others may result in some pain. However, the pain is usually short-lived and can be managed with extra-strength acetaminophen.

How Much Time Must I Take Off from Work?

In most cases, plan to take a week off work to allow your body time to rest after surgery. However, each patient is an individual, so follow your doctor's advice.

Will I Be Congested Afterward?

Congestion is common in the first few days or weeks after surgery. You can manage it with techniques such as saline nasal sprays. Your doctor can tell you when to begin these treatments.

The Link Between Nasal Inflammation and Head Pain

Mon, 12 Jan 2026 15:00:12 GMT

The Link Between Nasal Inflammation and Head Pain

If you suffer from allergies or a chronically stuffy nose, you're familiar with congestion and a runny nose . But what do you think about the headache, facial pressure, or dull ache behind your eyes that often comes with it? This common experience highlights a direct link between nasal inflammation and head pain.

What Sets Rhinitis Apart from Sinusitis?

Rhinitis is the inflammation of the lining inside your nose. While it causes classic symptoms like sneezing and congestion, it also frequently leads to pressure around the eyes, an achy forehead, and general facial discomfort. Though typically less severe than a sinus infection, rhinitis can even trigger migraine headaches, especially when swelling severely blocks airflow.

Rhinitis vs. Sinusitis: What’s the Difference?

People often confuse these two conditions, but understanding their differences is key to proper treatment.

Rhinitis affects the nasal cavity —the passages inside your nose. Its hallmarks are sneezing, a runny/itchy nose, and congestion.
Sinusitis affects the sinuses —the hollow spaces behind your cheeks, eyes, and forehead. When these spaces get blocked or infected, pressure builds, causing localized pain that often worsens with movement.

While their symptoms overlap, their causes and treatments differ. A runny nose doesn’t always mean a sinus infection , and a headache during allergy season isn’t necessarily something more serious.

How Rhinitis Can Contribute to Headaches

Rhinitis can generate head pain and uncomfortable facial sensations without a sinus infection. Headaches from rhinitis occur due to:

Swelling of the nasal passages that disrupts airflow and pressure regulation
Blocked drainage contributing to increasing pressure within the nasal passages
Chronic inflammation triggering tension-type headaches
Allergy-related rhinitis boosting histamine release and triggering migraines

Nasal congestion from rhinitis can be a compounding factor for patients with chronic migraines or headaches. The physical sensation of fullness, combined with difficulty breathing, can heighten discomfort and intensify existing conditions.

What to Watch for and When to Seek Care

If you’re experiencing headaches and nasal symptoms, it helps to track the pattern of symptoms. Are the headaches worse during allergy season? Do they ease when the congestion improves? Are they centered around the face or extending beyond the forehead and eyes? Answering these questions can help differentiate whether rhinitis is playing a role in causing headaches or if another condition may be involved.

Look for these combinations:

Sneezing, clear nasal discharge, and dull facial aches may indicate allergic rhinitis.
One-sided facial pressure with thick nasal discharge could suggest sinusitis.
Daily headaches that coincide with environmental triggers usually point toward allergies.
Headaches that improve with antihistamines may be tied to rhinitis-related inflammation.

Managing Symptoms Without Making Assumptions

Treating rhinitis may help reduce or prevent related head pain, particularly in patients whose seasonal symptoms are triggered by allergens. Treatment may involve nasal sprays, antihistamines , or allergen avoidance. In some cases, immunotherapy is helpful. An ENT evaluation is the best way to identify the source of headaches and rule out structural or infectious causes for those with frequent headaches and overlapping nasal symptoms.

Persistent Nasal Symptoms with Headaches? Let Dr. Higgins Take a Closer Look

Higgins Sinus offers diagnostic testing to help distinguish rhinitis from sinusitis and uncover potential connections to headache symptoms. Call today to schedule an appointment. We will help you get answers and provide the most effective treatments for your rhinitis and headaches.

What a Frequent Nosebleed Issue Could Mean for Your Health

Mon, 22 Dec 2025 22:34:23 GMT

What a Frequent Nosebleed Issue Could Mean for Your Health

Nosebleeds happen to most of us at one point or another. Maybe it happens to you during a dry winter night or after you’ve sneezed too hard. But when those little nosebleeds become frequent, you need to pay attention. So, let’s walk through what a frequent nosebleed issue might mean for your health and what you can do about it.

Key Takeaways

Frequent nosebleeds (more than once a week) might be a sign of underlying issues and not just a dry environment.
Common triggers include dry indoor air, nasal injury , allergy medications, or blood-thinning drugs.
Some recurring nosebleeds could point to blood-clotting disorders or elevated blood pressure. So, it’s worth seeing a doctor.
Simple prevention includes using a humidifier. Also, avoid nose picking and aggressive blowing. It’s also important to keep nasal membranes moist.
If bleeding lasts more than 30 minutes or comes with dizziness, seek medical evaluation right away.

When a Frequent Nosebleed Issue Happens Over and Over Again

Here are the most common reasons for recurring nosebleeds.

Environmental Triggers

Dry air, whether from a hot, low-humid climate or indoor heating during winter, can and will dry the delicate lining inside your nose . That lining will then crack and/or bleed.

Mechanical Triggers

Nose-picking and forceful blowing cause bleeding. And even a minor bump can be a cause.

Medications

Blood-thinning medications (like aspirin or warfarin) and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories raise the risk of bleeding.

Health Conditions

If you have high blood pressure, it can cause your nose to bleed. In fact, one study found people with hypertension were about 1.47 times more likely to suffer from nosebleeds .

Bleeding Disorders

Recurring nosebleeds could indicate a clotting disorder like Von Willebrand disease (up to 1% of the U.S. population is affected). Some signs of this disease include nosebleeds and easy bruising.

Structural Issues

Structural issues such as a deviated septum can also cause frequent nosebleeds.

What to Do If You Have Recurring Nosebleeds

If you have frequent nosebleeds, track how often you’re having them. If it’s more than once a week, it’s time to see a doctor.

If you live in a dry climate or run your heater daily, using a humidifier along with saline gel or drops can keep nasal membranes moist.

Stop any type of nose-picking and aggressive blowing. And use your nasal sprays correctly. Doing all this will reduce trauma to the lining of your nasal membranes.

If you’re on blood thinners or have high blood pressure, talk with your doctor about whether your nosebleeds are more than just an annoyance.

When to See a Doctor Immediately

You should seek immediate medical attention if your nosebleed doesn’t stop after 30 minutes of pressure or if the flow is very heavy. If you have experienced head or facial trauma or you feel faint, see a doctor immediately.

When to Get a Specialist Involved

If, after trying all these prevention steps, you are still experiencing frequent nosebleeds, it would be a good idea to consult with an ear, nose, and throat (ENT) specialist . They will look inside your nose with a scope. This will rule out structural issues. They might also test you for clotting disorders and high blood pressure.

Are You Looking for a Reputable Sinus Specialist in Louisville, Kentucky, or Jeffersonville, Indiana?

Frequent nosebleeds can mean something bigger. But with the right steps and medical guidance, you can have peace of mind and feel more control over your health. Please Contact Higgins Sinus today. Dr. Higgins can conduct a thorough examination, identify the root cause, and provide personalized recommendations for your specific issue.

Simple Everyday Habits to Keep Your Nose Clear and Healthy

Tue, 09 Dec 2025 23:46:49 GMT

Chronic sinusitis can make you miserable! If you suffer from a problem like chronic sinus infection, keeping your nose clear and healthy can help minimize symptoms and improve your quality of life.

Working with an experienced ENT specialist like Dr. Thomas S. Higgins in Louisville, Kentucky, is the best way to build a personalized care plan. In the meantime, these daily nasal care tips can help you take control of your health.

Key Takeaways:

Environmental factors can irritate sinuses and cause sinus infection flare-ups.
Controlling environmental factors like humidity and dust can prevent problems.
Taking steps like elevating your head, rinsing with saline, and following recommendations from your doctor can reduce inflammation and irritation in your sinuses.

Control Inflammation

Inflammation in the nose traps mucus and prevents the sinuses from properly draining. Your ENT specialist may recommend a prescription nasal spray to help reduce inflammation. Use the nasal spray as recommended by your ENT doctor to reduce congestion.

Rinse With Saline Daily

Saline rinses help flush out mucus and bacteria that can cause sinus infections. Some people use a saline spray for these purposes, while others use a neti pot. Although saline spray can be effective, the neti pot is an excellent option that can help keep your sinuses clear throughout the day.

When using a neti pot, be sure to follow the instructions that come with it. You should only use sterile, distilled, or boiled (and cooled) water for nasal rinsing.

Humidify the Air

Dry air can irritate the nose and sinuses while simultaneously thickening mucus. Maintain a comfortable 40% to 50% humidity in your home with a humidifier. Clean your humidifier regularly according to the device instructions to prevent mold or bacteria growth inside the machine.

If you want to take it a step further, try steam therapy. Steam can help loosen the mucus and reduce pressure in your sinuses. Taking a warm shower or inhaling steam from a bowl helps. For extra breathing relief, add menthol or eucalyptus to the water.

Elevate Your Head at Night

Elevating your head above your heart and shoulders while you sleep helps drain your sinuses to reduce congestion in the morning. Use a wedge pillow to raise your head slightly or find an ergonomic pillow that accomplishes the same goal.

Stay Hydrated

Drinking fluids helps thin the mucus in your nose and sinuses for improved drainage. Drink about eight cups of water, broth, tea, or other low-caffeine liquids each day. Eating water-rich fruits and vegetables can also help you stay hydrated.

Try Nasal Breathing Exercises

Mouth breathing dries airways and creates irritation in the passageways in your head and throat. To ensure that you're breathing through your nose, practice slow nose inhalations and exhalations throughout the day for about 2 to 3 minutes each time. This helps keep your nasal passages and sinuses open.

Avoid Sinus Triggers

Reducing sinus irritation can prevent sinus problems. Know your triggers. Some people are sensitive to outdoor allergens like pollen. Keeping your windows closed and running one or more HEPA filters in your home can help reduce your exposure.

Avoid irritants like smoke and dust. Keep your house and air ducts clean.

Work With an ENT Specialist You Can Trust

If you suffer from chronic sinusitis, working with an ENT specialist can prevent problems. Dr. Higgins can help you take care of your sinuses with nasal care tips, prescription medications, surgical procedures, and more. Contact us today!

What to Expect During Nasal Polyp Evaluation and Treatment

Fri, 28 Nov 2025 17:00:02 GMT

What to Expect During Nasal Polyp Evaluation and Treatment

Noncancerous tissue growths called nasal polyps may block nasal passages and lead to long-term congestion, sinus infections, and a decreased sense of smell. Detection of polyps involves a nasal examination and possibly imaging scans to determine the size and location of polyps. When Louisville and Jeffersonville residents need nasal polyp treatment, they depend on board-certified otolaryngologist-rhinologist Dr. Thomas Higgins to help ease discomfort caused by polyps.

Why Do Some People Get Nasal Polyps?

Nasal polyps are soft, noncancerous growths whose growth is triggered by inflamed nasal tissue. They typically appear in adults with allergies, asthma, or chronic sinus inflammation, although genetics may play a role in their development. On Imaging scans , polyps look like tiny, hanging teardrops inside nasal passages. You could have polyps that are not large enough to cause chronic congestion or recurring infections. However, if polyps increase in size, they can start to cause symptoms that require nasal polyp treatment.

What Happens During Polyp Evaluation?

Dr. Higgins will conduct a comprehensive review of your symptoms and current health conditions, including any history of allergies, asthma, or recurring sinus infections. A nasal endoscopy is used to visualize the polyps and assess their size and location. CT scans may be needed to provide a clearer view of the nasal passages and sinuses. Combining visual examination and imaging ensures an accurate diagnosis so that the treatment plan is successful.

Nasal Polyp Treatment

Medications such as nasal corticosteroid sprays are often recommended to initially reduce inflammation and shrink polyps. Oral corticosteroids or other anti-inflammatory treatments may be prescribed for more severe cases. If symptoms persist despite the use of medications or Dr. Higgins finds that polyps are significantly obstructing the nasal passages, surgical removal of the polyps may be needed.

What is Endoscopic Sinus Surgery?

Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is typically performed under general anesthesia and can take between one and three hours, depending on the number and size of nasal polyps needing to be removed. Postoperative recovery involves mild discomfort, some nasal congestion, and the use of saline irrigations to keep passages clean.

Frequently Asked Questions

Are nasal polyps cancerous?

No. Nasal polyps are noncancerous growths that emerge from inflamed tissue in the nasal passages.

How long does it take to recover from nasal polyp surgery?

Most patients experience mild discomfort for several days but can resume their normal activities fairly quickly. Complete healing of polyp removal sites may take several weeks.

Can nasal polyps come back after treatment?

Polyps may recur, particularly in patients with allergies or chronic sinus inflammation. Keeping all follow-up appointments is important for treating polyps as soon as they are detectable.

Is endoscopic sinus surgery painful?

Most people tolerate ESS well, managing minor discomfort with medications and postoperative care.

If you suffer from chronic sinus problems and suspect you may have nasal polyps, schedule an appointment with Dr. Higgins today for an evaluation at his Jeffersonville or Louisville location.

Why Is My Nose Always Running? Causes & Solutions

Fri, 14 Nov 2025 17:00:10 GMT

Why Is My Nose Always Running?

Is your nose constantly dripping, making you reach for tissues every few minutes? Before getting frustrated, remember that extra drainage means that your body's defense system is hard at work.

A runny nose is your immune system’s way of responding to unwanted invaders—whether it’s spring pollen in Jeffersonville or a winter cold virus in Louisville. Here’s what’s really happening and what you can do for relief.

How Your Body Uses Mucus as a Defense

Think of your nasal passages as a high-security checkpoint, constantly screening out irritants and pathogens. When irritants like pollen, viruses, or dust try to enter, your body responds by producing more mucus--a sticky, protective substance designed to trap and flush out these particles. This increased mucus production helps prevent harmful particles from traveling deeper into our respiratory system. Your body also utilizes sneezing to forcefully clear out trapped debris.

Common Causes of a Runny Nose

1. Allergies (Allergic Rhinitis)

When your immune system recognizes substances like pollen, pet dander, or mold and sees them as threats, it releases histamine . This chemical causes:

Swelling of nasal tissues
Watery, clear mucus
Itchy eyes and sneezing

2. Viral Infections (Common Cold & Flu)

Cold and flu viruses trigger a different response. Your body sends extra blood to your nasal passages, leading to:

Swollen nasal tissues
Thickening mucus (as your body works to flush out the virus)
Probable sore throat, cough, or fever

3. Environmental Irritants

Cold, dry air: Can irritate nasal linings, causing temporary increased drainage
Smoke or pollution: Trigger inflammation as your body tries to protect itself

Other causes of a runny nose include nasal polyps and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak.

When to See an ENT Specialist for Your Runny Nose

Understanding the root cause of your runny nose helps you choose the right treatment — but sometimes, medical evaluation is the best next step. While most runny noses clear up on their own, consult an ear, nose, and throat provider if you experience:

Symptoms lasting more than 10-14 days
Thick green/yellow discharge with fever or sinus pain
Difficulty breathing or wheezing
Symptoms that disrupt sleep or daily activities

Effective Relief Strategies

For Allergy-Related Runny Nose:

Antihistamines: Block histamine response
Nasal corticosteroid sprays: Reduce inflammation
Allergen avoidance: Use air purifiers, keep windows closed during high pollen counts
Immunotherapy: Long-term solution for severe allergies

For Cold/Virus-Related Runny Nose:

Saline nasal sprays: Moisturize and flush out irritants
Decongestants: Provide temporary relief (use sparingly)
Hydration: Thins mucus for easier drainage
Rest: Supports immune system function

FAQ About a Runny Nose

Can the weather cause a runny nose?

Yes. Cold air and dry conditions can irritate the nasal lining, making it itch, burn, and produce increased drainage.

How can I prevent allergy symptoms?

Using air purifiers, keeping windows closed during high pollen days, and taking preventive medications as recommended by a doctor can also reduce symptoms.

What is allergen immunotherapy?

People with severe allergies to airborne particles may get relief from allergen immunotherapy, a treatment that gradually exposes the immune system to small amounts of an allergen to build tolerance and reduce allergic reactions over time.

When should I consider allergy testing?

If your symptoms are seasonal, persistent, or significantly impact your quality of life, allergy testing can identify specific triggers.

What is the difference between a runny nose and postnasal drip?

A runny nose involves mucus and fluid flowing out through your nostrils. Postnasal drip occurs when the mucus drains down the back of your throat, often causing a sore or lumpy throat.

Expert Care for Persistent Nasal Issues

If you’ve tried home remedies and over-the-counter solutions without lasting relief, it may be time to consult a specialist. Dr. Thomas Higgins , a fellowship-trained rhinologist and sinus surgeon, provides advanced care for patients in Louisville, Jeffersonville, and throughout Southern Indiana.

Whether you’re dealing with chronic allergies, recurring sinus infections, or unexplained nasal drainage, Dr. Higgins and his team offer comprehensive evaluation and personalized treatment plans to help you breathe easier.

Ready for lasting relief? Schedule your consultation today and take the first step toward better nasal health.

Why Is My Snot Yellow? What It Means & When to Worry

Mon, 27 Oct 2025 16:12:11 GMT

You blow your nose and stop mid-swipe. Instead of the usual clear or white mucus, you’re suddenly seeing bright yellow. It’s not uncommon, but it can definitely make you wonder if something’s wrong.

The good news? In most cases, bright yellow nasal discharge isn’t a reason to panic. Often, it means your immune system is actively fighting off something. Think of mucus as your body’s cleanup crew and what you’re seeing is the aftermath of that process.

Here’s what it could mean and what you can do to feel better.

Is Bright Yellow Snot a Sign of a Sinus Infection?

It can be. Yellow mucus is commonly associated with sinus infections or sinusitis , but it's not the only cause. The yellow color comes from enzymes released by your white blood cells when they rush to fight off viruses, bacteria, or other irritants.

However, color alone doesn't tell the whole story. Here’s a closer look at what might be happening:

Common Cold: Typically starts with clear, runny mucus that can become white or yellow as your immune response peaks. Symptoms usually improve within 7-10 days.
Bacterial Sinus Infection: Suspect this if symptoms persist for more than 10 days without improvement, or if they get worse after a period of feeling better. Key signs include thick yellow or green discharge, facial pain or pressure, and sometimes a fever.
Allergies: Seasonal allergies typically produce thin, clear, and watery discharge. However, if allergies cause significant sinus blockage, they can lead to a secondary infection, which may change the mucus to yellow.

If your symptoms continue or get worse, you can read more about our care options for nasal polyps , chronic rhinitis , and sinus surgery .

Effective Home Remedies for Yellow Nasal Discharge

While your body is doing the hard work of fighting the infection , you can take several steps at home to relieve your symptoms and help your sinuses drain more effectively.

Prioritize Hydration: Water, broth, and herbal tea are your best friends. Staying well hydrated thins the mucus, making it easier to expel and preventing it from getting stuck and worsening sinus pressure.

Use Steam to Your Advantage: Warm, moist air helps soothe inflamed nasal tissues and loosen thick mucus.
Hot showers can offer quick relief—just inhale deeply while the steam is rising.
Steam inhalation over a bowl of warm water is another option. Drape a towel over your head to trap the steam as you lean over the bowl. You can add a few drops of eucalyptus or peppermint oil to the water if you like.

Use a Saline Nasal Rinse or Spray: Saline rinses (like a neti pot or squeeze bottle) are great for flushing out mucus, allergens, and irritants. Just make sure you’re using sterile or distilled water and clean your device regularly to avoid the risk of infection.

Warm Compresses: Applying a warm, damp cloth to your face (especially across your nose and cheeks) for 5–10 minutes a few times a day can relieve sinus pressure and encourage drainage.

Sleep with a Humidifier: Dry air, especially from air conditioning or heating, can irritate your nasal passages. A cool-mist humidifier in your bedroom at night adds moisture to the air, helping you breathe easier and sleep more comfortably.

Get Rest and Eat Well: Your body needs rest to fight off infection. Prioritize sleep and fuel up with nutritious foods rich in vitamins and antioxidants to support immune function.

When to See a Doctor

While many cases resolve with self-care, it's important to consult a sinus specialist if you experience:

Symptoms that last longer than 10 days without improvement.
Symptoms that worsen after initially getting better.
Severe headache or facial pain.
A high fever .
Changes in vision or significant swelling around the eyes.

Sinus Expert in Kentucky and Southern Indiana

If you're in Kentucky or Southern Indiana and struggling with persistent sinus issues , Dr. Thomas Higgins at Higgins Sinus can help. Specializing in the diagnosis and treatment nose and nasal issues, Dr. Higgins provides expert diagnoses and personalized care plans to help patients find lasting relief.

Is Your Septal Swell Body Causing Sinus Problems?

Tue, 30 Sep 2025 16:00:08 GMT

Do you struggle with frequent sinus issues, like a runny or stuffy nose? You might think a virus or allergy is t he culprit. But it may be related to a structure inside your nose called the septal swell body . If you’ve never heard of this before, we’ll explore what it is and how it might affect your sinuses.

What Is Your Septal Swell Body?

You know about your sinuses and nasal passages , and you may be familiar with the septum. But did you know that you have thickened tissue on your nasal septum called the septal swell body? It’s not a commonly known nasal structure, but it’s an important part of your nose.

What Does It Do?

Your septal swell body does the following for you:

● Regulates airflow through your nose

● Humidifies and warms the air you breathe in

● Responds to irritants or allergens you inhale

How Can It Affect the Sinuses?

This nasal structure may not cause any problems. But it expands and contracts when you breathe in substances that your body considers harmful, such as pollen or smoke. It might also do this when you have nasal inflammation.

While these responses are normal, they can cause the septal swell body to become enlarged. If it gets too big, known as hypertrophy, it can affect your sinuses by blocking airflow and contributing to sinus symptoms . This hypertrophy may also worsen sinus issues if you already have a deviated septum .

What Are Signs of Septal Swell Body Problems?

You may not realize that the symptoms you’re having are due to this nasal structure. When the septal swell body enlarges, this can lead to the following symptoms:

● Chronic congestion in your sinuses and nose

● Reduced responses to decongestant medication

● Trouble inhaling and exhaling through your nose

When to Seek Care

How do you know if you should get treatment for this problem? Again, you might not know that you even have it. If you’ve been dealing with ongoing nasal congestion or having other signs of septal swell body hypertrophy, you should visit our ENT specialist for help. The right treatment can help you breathe easier and reduce congestion.

What Treatments Are Used?

We use a minimally invasive approach called septal swell body reduction to remove the septal swell body or excess tissue, providing you with relief from sinus congestion. This involves using precision tools, like a radiofrequency device, without having to make any external incisions.

This procedure for hypertrophy offers the following benefits:

● Improved airflow in your nose

● Nasal congestion relief

● Short recovery of about a week with only mild soreness

● Reduced need for nasal sprays or medications

Visit Our ENT Specialist for Sinus Problems

Are you ready to find out what’s causing sinus issues and get treatment? Dr. Thomas S. Higgins can evaluate your condition and check your septal swell body for signs of hypertrophy. Dr. Higgins can recommend or provide treatment to help you find relief from sinus symptoms.

Why Do I Feel Water in My Nose When Bending Over?

Fri, 26 Sep 2025 14:00:28 GMT

It's Not Always Water: Understanding the Feeling of Fluid in Your Nose

Does it feel like your nose is about to leak when you lean down? While this may be expected when you have a cold or allergies , it could be a condition that requires a different kind of treatment. Let’s go over possible causes of water or clear fluid in the nose and why it’s so important to seek care.

What Causes Water in Your Nose?

Unless you get water up your nose while swimming or showering, chances are that it’s not really water you’re feeling. You might have clear, runny mucus, or you might have a clear fluid that’s not mucus. The type of fluid depends on the underlying cause. A few reasons you might be experiencing this include:

Colds and other upper respiratory viruses : These conditions are often accompanied by fever, chills, and cough.
Sinus problems: These issues often cause thick yellow drainage, but sometimes it can be a gush of thin yellow watery secretions from a burst mucus retention cyst or clear jelly-like mucus from trapping of normal flow of secretions.
Seasonal or chronic allergies: Allergies are often associated with the other common symptoms, such as sneezing, itching, and runny eyes.
Nerve or sensory perception: Believe it or not, our nerves can play tricks on us! Sometimes people feel like their nose is running, but nothing is there.
CSF rhinorrhea: This last potential cause is a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak that affects your nose. It’s much rarer than viruses, sinus conditions, and allergies. Although it is rare, it is a more serious issue-but it is treatable.

What Is a CSF Leak?

This condition happens when fluid from your spinal cord and brain leaks due to injuries or other causes. The fluid can seep into your nose, causing it to feel like your nose is running. Depending on where it’s leaking, it may also cause other symptoms.

What Are Signs of a CSF Leak?

A runny nose is among the more noticeable symptoms of CSF rhinorrhea. If that fluid enters your nose or sinuses, you might mistake it for mucus. But it usually only runs when you bend over and won’t cause material, like handkerchiefs or your sleeve, to become stiff when it dries, like mucus would.

CSF may cause other symptoms, though it depends on the source of the leak. Some of these can include:

● Headaches that get worse when you change position, such as lying down

● Fluid leaking from your ears

● Loss of smell

● Nausea and vomiting

● Dizziness

What Causes It?

Most cases of CSF leaks happen due to injuries to the face or nose. But it can also occur without any detectable cause.

When Should You Seek Treatment?

CSF leaks may lead to serious complications if they’re large enough. Some cases only require rest for treatment and recovery. But you should seek medical help to get a proper diagnosis and treatment recommendations, such as CSF leak repair .

What Treatments Are Used?

The treatment depends on where the leak is coming from and how severe it is. If you have diagnosed CSF rhinorrhea that’s not improving after conservative treatment or is getting worse, our board-certified otolaryngologist may recommend surgical repairs to stop the leak and alleviate symptoms. This might involve going through the anterior skull base or sinuses.

Visit Our ENT Specialist for Diagnosis and Treatment

Are you having a feeling of water in your nose, especially when you bend over? Dr. Thomas S. Higgins , our ENT specialist, can determine the cause and provide treatment or surgery for relief.

If these symptoms keep returning, you can read more about our treatments for nasal polyps , chronic rhinitis , and sinus surgery .

Why Narisure Dry Nose Relief is a Game Changer

Sun, 21 Sep 2025 00:02:00 GMT

If you’ve dealt with a dry, irritated nose, you know it’s a terrible nuisance, disrupting sleep, exercise, and work. Learn more about Narisure Dry Nose Relief, a nasal oil with rose geranium, sesame, and vitamin E that's helping people around the world.

In my clinic, I see dry, irritated nose issues all the time. Patients are using nasal steroid sprays, or exposed to heated indoor air, CPAP, oxygen therapy, or chemotherapy, all of which can dry the nasal lining, leading to cracking, crusting, burning, and bleeding. That’s why I’ve become increasingly interested in natural evidence-based topical therapies that restore moisture and support the nasal mucosa, such as rose geranium oil in a sesame oil base. So my team and I at Healsdale, Inc., invented a formulation that could provide relief in a natural, pleasant way.

Narisure Dry Nose Relief is a uniquely formulated oil with this combination, as well as vitamin E, to provide soothing relief for dry noses.

If you’re dealing with ongoing sinus issues , you can learn more about our treatments for nasal polyps , chronic rhinitis , and sinus surgery .

What’s really causing the dry, irritated nose?

Dry, irritated noses have many causes. The winter air, indoor heating, long flights, and high-altitude exposures all wick moisture from the nasal lining. Common medications and devices, such as antihistamines, decongestant sprays, nasal steroids, supplemental oxygen, CPAP or BiPAP, and chemotherapy, can thin and dry the mucosa further. Add infections and inflammation to the mix—viral colds, allergic rhinitis, and chronic rhinitis—and you get more issues. Structural factors like a deviated septum, post-surgical changes, or areas of prior cautery can create fragile hotspots that bleed easily. Together, these forces set up a cycle of dryness, cracking, and recurrent nosebleeds.

When the mucosa dries and cracks, you get a cycle that perpetuates itself: dryness → crusting → picking/blowing → micro-injuries → bleeding (epistaxis). Breaking this cycle requires a product that both hydrates and soothes while supporting barrier repair.

Why rose geranium in sesame oil makes sense

Here’s why the sesame oil and rose geranium oil combination works so well for dry, irritated noses. Sesame oil provides reliable barrier support and hydration. It is occlusive and emollient, trapping moisture and softening crusts without the petroleum-related concerns some clinicians raise for intranasal use. Paired with rose geranium oil, whose anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in preclinical research suggest it can help calm irritated mucosa, the combination soothes while it protects. It is also practical day to day; thin enough to spread easily, yet stable enough to stay put, with a mild, pleasant scent that many patients appreciate, which helps with consistent use.

What the evidence shows about nasal rose geranium oil

2024 Mayo Clinic randomized controlled trial

A placebo-controlled study of a rose geranium in sesame oil nasal spray in chemotherapy patients demonstrated significant relief in nasal vestibulitis symptoms versus placebo. This matters because chemo-related nasal irritation can be severe, and RCTs in this space are rare. Learn more via the Mayo Clinic trial page: https://www.mayo.edu/research/clinical-trials/cls-20508008

Johns Hopkins cohort study in HHT-related epistaxis

A cohort of 20 patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia used a sesame/rose geranium oil compound for at least three months. Results:

90% were still using it at follow-up.
75% reported subjective improvement; half reported immediate benefit.
Mean epistaxis severity score dropped from 5.3 to 3.5 (P<0.0001).
High satisfaction and no reported adverse side effects. Study link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23401038/

Taken together, these findings align with what many clinicians observe in practice: consistent, gentle moisturization with sesame oil plus rose geranium can reduce pain, crusting, and bleeding frequency, with good tolerability.

Where Narisure fits in Narisure Dry Nose Relief is designed around this evidence-backed approach. For a deeper dive into the science and expert guidance, see: What Will Dry Up a Runny Nose? Insights from Experts and Science-Backed Solutions .

You can also learn more about the product and formulation at Narisure :

Who might benefit from Narisure

People with recurrent nosebleeds (especially from dryness or crusting)
Chemotherapy patients experiencing nasal vestibulitis symptoms
Chronic nasal dryness from CPAP, BiPAP, or nasal oxygen use
Frequent flyers or those in arid climates
Post-sinus surgery patients once cleared by their surgeon
Chronic rhinitis sufferers with irritating crusts and fissures

How to use Narisure effectively

Apply 1–2 drops or rub a thin film inside each nostril with your finger or a cotton swab. A cotton swab can help spread it gently along the vestibule (front of the nose). Avoid forceful insertion.
Humidify the environment: Nighttime humidification and nasal saline mist or rinse can complement oil use.
Be consistent: Benefits usually increase with regular use.
Nosebleed care: If nasal bleeding occurs, please note that Narisure cannot stop an active nose bleed. Lean forward, pinch the soft part of the nose for 10 minutes without peeking, then apply a thin layer of the oil once bleeding has stopped to reduce re-injury. Check out my article, " How to Stop a Nose Bleed. "
What to avoid: Overuse of decongestant sprays, aggressive nose-blowing, and crust-picking. If you must clear crusts, soften first with saline and gentle oil application.

Safety notes and when to seek care

Safety and practical use matter as much as effectiveness. Overall, tolerability of Narisure Dry Nose Relief oil has been good with no adverse side effects reported in the HHT cohort, and the Mayo randomized trial found tolerability comparable or better than placebo. If you have fragrance sensitivities or known allergies to geranium or sesame, you may need a patch test before intranasal use or try a small sample amount first to test for reactions. For young children, you may want to discuss use with a pediatrician first. Seek medical care for red flags such as recurrent one-sided nosebleeds, foul odor, a visible mass, or bleeding that doesn’t stop after 20 minutes; patients on blood thinners should also check with their clinician.

Bottom line

Dry, irritated noses and epistaxis can be stubborn, but a targeted, evidence-based moisturizing approach works. Rose geranium in sesame oil has clinical support. From a 2024 randomized trial in chemotherapy patients to a Johns Hopkins cohort in HHT showing symptom relief, fewer bleeds, and strong patient satisfaction.

Narisure Dry Nose Relief brings this research into a practical, easy-to-use option that fits everyday routines.

Living with Chronic Sinusitis? Here's What You Can Do

Mon, 01 Sep 2025 13:23:31 GMT

Living with Chronic Sinusitis? Here's What You Can Do

Imagine waking up every morning with pressure behind your eyes and constant congestion. If this is your daily life, you're not alone.

Millions of Americans deal with persistent sinus problems. These issues can make simple tasks like breathing feel like a challenge.

Long-term sinus inflammation does more than just make you uncomfortable. It disrupts sleep, affects concentration, and leaves you feeling tired all day. But, there are effective management strategies to help you feel better.

In this guide, we'll look at ways to manage your symptoms. We'll cover the causes, medical treatments, and natural remedies. We'll also talk about chronic sinusitis treatment options and when surgery might be needed.

Key Takeaways

Persistent sinus inflammation affects millions of Americans and significantly impacts daily life quality
Multiple treatment approaches exist, from medical interventions to natural home remedies
Understanding root causes helps develop more effective long-term management strategies
Surgery may be necessary when conservative treatments fail to provide adequate relief
Building a personalized management plan improves outcomes and prevents symptom recurrence
Professional medical guidance is essential for developing the most appropriate treatment approach

Understanding What Chronic Sinusitis Really Means

Chronic sinusitis is more than just occasional congestion. It's a complex condition that affects your daily life in many ways. Understanding your condition is key to finding effective treatments and relief.

Unlike short-term sinus infections, chronic sinusitis is a long-term challenge. Many patients struggle for months or years without the right diagnosis. Knowing what makes this condition unique helps us find better ways to manage it.

Defining Chronic vs. Acute Sinusitis

Chronic and acute sinusitis differ in duration and severity . Acute sinusitis lasts 7 to 10 days and often clears up with simple treatments. Chronic sinusitis, on the other hand, lasts more than 12 weeks.

Chronic cases can have symptoms all year. The inflammation in your sinuses becomes constant, making it hard to break the cycle without medical help.

Chronic cases usually affect more than one sinus cavity. Unlike acute infections, which might target just one area, chronic sinusitis causes widespread inflammation.

How Chronic Sinusitis Develops Over Time

Chronic sinusitis doesn't start overnight. It often begins with repeated acute infections. These infections can leave behind persistent inflammation in your sinus tissues.

The process is gradual. Initial infections may seem to clear up, but the inflammation stays. Over time, this leads to structural changes in your sinuses, making future infections more likely.

Many patients feel like they're dealing with one long infection. In reality, it's a series of overlapping episodes of inflammation. This is what causes the persistent symptoms of chronic sinusitis.

Common Underlying Causes We Should Know About

Several factors contribute to chronic sinus inflammation . Structural abnormalities like a deviated septum or nasal polyps can block drainage. These blockages trap mucus and bacteria, leading to persistent infection.

Allergies are a big factor in many cases. Environmental allergens cause ongoing inflammation, making your sinuses more prone to infection. We also see patients with immune system issues that make fighting off infections harder.

Environmental factors like pollution, cigarette smoke, or workplace irritants can also cause chronic inflammation. Even dental infections can spread to your sinuses, requiring specialized treatment.

Finding the specific causes of your condition is key to effective treatment. Each patient's situation is unique, which is why we take a detailed approach to diagnosis and care.

Recognizing the Signs and Symptoms in Your Daily Life

Understanding your body's signals is key to knowing if you have a cold or something more serious. If symptoms last longer than usual, it's time to take notice. Chronic sinusitis causes ongoing discomfort that impacts your daily life.

Physical Symptoms That Persist for Months

One clear sign of chronic sinusitis is constant nasal congestion that doesn't get better with over-the-counter treatments . You might see thick, yellow or green nasal discharge for weeks or months. This is different from the clear discharge of a cold.

Facial pain and pressure around your eyes, cheeks, and forehead become constant. Many feel a heavy, aching sensation that gets worse when bending forward. Your sense of smell and taste may also decrease, making food less enjoyable.

Persistent postnasal drip irritates your throat and leads to frequent coughing, often at night. Decongestant sprays only offer temporary relief. These symptoms go through cycles of getting better and worse without a clear pattern of recovery.

How Chronic Sinusitis Affects Your Quality of Life

Sleep problems arise when breathing issues keep you awake. You might need multiple pillows or wake up often. This chronic fatigue makes it hard to focus and be productive during the day.

Social events can become uncomfortable due to coughing, throat clearing, or nasal congestion. Many people avoid activities they once enjoyed. The constant search for relief can be mentally draining.

Work performance often suffers due to decreased focus and frequent sick days. The ongoing inflammation makes your body constantly fight infection, leaving you feeling drained and irritable.

When Symptoms Indicate a Serious Problem

Certain warning signs need immediate medical attention and shouldn't be ignored. Severe headaches that worsen rapidly or don't respond to pain medication may indicate complications. High fever above 101°F (38.3°C) with sinus symptoms also needs prompt evaluation.

Vision changes, such as double vision, decreased vision, or eye swelling, signal a possible infection spread. Neck stiffness with severe headache could indicate serious complications like meningitis . These symptoms require emergency medical care.

Persistent symptoms that worsen despite treatment, or new symptoms that develop suddenly, warrant immediate consultation with healthcare providers. Don't wait when your instincts tell you something isn't right – early intervention prevents more serious complications from developing.

Getting the Right Diagnosis from Your Healthcare Provider

Getting an accurate diagnosis is key to finding the right sinus infection remedies for you. Chronic sinusitis can be tricky, and a thorough medical check is needed. This usually starts with your primary care doctor, who will look at your medical history and do an initial check-up.

Your doctor will ask you lots of questions about your symptoms, how long they've lasted, and any patterns. They'll also want to know about any treatments you've tried before and any allergies or other health issues. This helps them get a full picture of your sinus health.

Essential Tests and Examinations

Several important tests help doctors understand your sinuses. A physical check includes looking at your nasal passages, throat, and lymph nodes for signs of infection or swelling. They'll look for nasal polyps , swelling, or discharge that might show chronic sinusitis.

Common tests include:

Nasal endoscopy - A thin, flexible camera looks at your nasal passages and sinus openings
Allergy testing - Discovers allergens that may be causing symptoms
Bacterial culture - Evaluates specific bacteria are causing your infection
Blood tests - Checks for immune system disorders or other conditions

These tests give valuable information for treatment decisions. Keeping a symptom diary before your appointment can help your doctor understand your condition better.

Understanding CT Scans and Endoscopy Results

CT scans give detailed images of your sinus structures, showing blockages, polyps, or other problems. These scans show areas that can't be seen during a regular check-up. Your doctor will explain what the images show about your condition.

Nasal endoscopy lets doctors see your nasal passages and sinus openings directly. This is usually done in the office and shows inflammation, polyps, or structural issues in real-time.

The results help decide which sinus infection remedies will work best for you.

Understanding these test results helps you make informed decisions about your treatment. Don't be afraid to ask questions about what the findings mean for your care.

Working with ENT Specialists

ENT specialists have the training to handle complex sinus conditions. We often suggest seeing an ENT doctor if symptoms don't improve with initial treatment or if complications arise. These specialists can offer specialized procedures and advanced treatments.

Preparing for your ENT appointment is important. Bring all previous test results, a list of medications you've tried, and your symptom diary. This info helps the specialist understand your history and recommend the right sinus infection remedies .

ENT specialists can do more detailed exams and offer treatments like balloon sinuplasty or endoscopic surgery when needed. They work with your primary care doctor to ensure you get the best care throughout your treatment.

Chronic Sinusitis Treatment Options That Actually Work

We offer proven treatments to help with chronic sinusitis symptoms. The right mix of therapies depends on your condition and causes. Our goal is to reduce inflammation, clear blockages, and prevent future problems.

Everyone reacts differently to treatment. We work with you to find the best combination. Some see big improvements with one treatment, while others need several. The aim is to get your sinuses working right and improve your life.

When and How Long to Use Antibiotics

Antibiotic therapy for sinusitis needs careful thought. Not all chronic cases have bacterial infections. We use antibiotics only when we find bacterial growth through tests.

For chronic sinusitis, antibiotics are used for 3-4 weeks. This longer time helps clear any bacteria causing your symptoms.

We often use amoxicillin-clavulanate, doxycycline, or fluoroquinolones. We watch how you respond and might change the medication if needed. Remember, antibiotics only fight bacterial infections, not viruses or inflammation.

Long-term Management with Nasal Steroids

Steroid nasal sprays are key for chronic sinus inflammation . They reduce swelling and improve drainage without oral steroid side effects. You can use them safely for months or years.

Using steroid nasal sprays correctly is important. We teach you to spray toward your ear, not straight up . Avoid blowing your nose right after to let the spray work.

Popular options include fluticasone, budesonide, and mometasone. It takes 1-2 weeks to see the full effects. We often use them with other treatments, like during allergy seasons.

Saline Irrigation Benefits and Techniques

Saline irrigation is very effective for many patients. It uses salt water to clean your sinuses, removing irritants and reducing inflammation. It's safe and can be used as often as needed.

You can use several methods for saline irrigation :

Neti pots - Traditional ceramic or plastic pots that pour solution through one nostril
Squeeze bottles - Plastic bottles that provide gentle pressure for better flow
Electric irrigators - Powered devices that deliver consistent pressure and volume
Saline packets - Pre-measured salt mixtures that ensure proper concentration

Using the right salt concentration and technique is key. We recommend distilled or boiled water to avoid bacteria. Always lean forward over a sink and breathe through your mouth during irrigation to avoid water going down your throat.

Anti-inflammatory Medications and Their Role

Anti-inflammatory medications are vital for managing chronic sinusitis. We use oral and topical treatments based on your needs. They help reduce swelling and blockages in your sinuses.

Oral anti-inflammatories like ibuprofen or naproxen help during flare-ups. But we're careful about long-term use due to side effects. Short courses of oral steroids may be needed for severe inflammation that doesn't respond to other treatments.

Topical anti-inflammatories work directly in your nasal passages with fewer side effects. This includes steroid nasal sprays and antihistamine nasal sprays for allergies. We often use different anti-inflammatory treatments together for the best results.

Step-by-Step Home Remedies and Natural Sinus Infection Remedies

We want to help you with effective home treatments that work with your doctor's care. These natural sinus infection remedies help your body heal. They can make you feel better and more comfortable every day.

Home remedies are gentle but powerful for managing chronic sinus inflammation . We'll show you methods that thousands of people have found helpful. These methods help reduce inflammation, improve drainage, and support your sinuses.

How to Set Up Effective Steam Therapy and Humidification

Steam therapy is a top natural treatment for sinus relief. We'll guide you through two effective methods for quick comfort and healing.

The bowl method is great for targeted relief. Fill a large bowl with hot water and add eucalyptus oil if you like. Lean over the bowl, cover your head with a towel, and breathe deeply for 10-15 minutes .

Your shower can also be a steam therapy tool. Run hot water to create steam, then stay in the steamy environment for 10-20 minutes. This is best before bed to help you sleep better.

Keeping your home's humidity right is key for long-term sinus health. Aim for 30-50% humidity in your living space. Use a humidifier in your bedroom and main areas. Clean it often to avoid mold and bacteria.

When Conservative Treatments Aren't Enough: Surgical Options

If months of medicine and home remedies don't help, surgery might be next. We know choosing surgery is big, but new sinus surgery methods work well. They help those who didn't get better with other treatments.

Surgery is needed when sinuses stay blocked after trying medicine. We suggest surgery when you've tried antibiotics, nasal sprays, and more for months. Your life should be better than just dealing with symptoms.

Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Explained

Functional endoscopic sinus surgery is an effective treatment of chronic sinusitis. The procedure is performed through your nostrils, so you won't have visible scars. A thin, flexible endoscope with a camera lets us see inside your sinuses.

We remove diseased tissue, polyps, and blockages during surgery. Our aim is to make your sinuses work right again. We also make passages wider and improve ventilation.

The surgery takes one to three hours, depending on your sinuses. Most patients go home the same day. Some might stay overnight. General anesthesia makes sure you're comfortable.

Balloon Sinuplasty: A Less Invasive Alternative

Balloon sinuplasty is an option for some. It's like angioplasty for your sinuses. We use a small balloon to widen blocked passages.

This method keeps more of your natural tissue than traditional surgery. It's often done with local anesthesia. The procedure takes about 45 minutes to an hour.

Not everyone can have balloon sinuplasty . We check your anatomy and disease extent to decide. Those with big polyps or severe problems might need traditional endoscopic sinus surgery.

Understanding Risks and Recovery Times

Every surgery has risks we want you to know. Common worries include bleeding, infection, and changes in smell or taste . But serious problems are rare with skilled surgeons.

Recovery times differ. Balloon sinuplasty patients usually get back to normal in one to two weeks. Endoscopic surgery takes two to four weeks, but you'll feel better in the first week.

We'll give you detailed instructions for after surgery. Follow these to heal well and avoid problems.

How to Prepare for Endoscopic Sinus Surgery

Getting ready for surgery is key for success and recovery. We'll check your medicines and ask you to stop some, like blood thinners, a week before. Don't stop any medicines without our okay .

Have someone drive you home and stay with you for 24 hours. You'll need saline rinse supplies for recovery. We'll tell you what you need.

Be realistic about how soon you'll feel better. Some notice relief quickly, but full healing takes months. We'll check on you regularly to see how you're doing.

Creating Your Long-term Management Plan for Chronic Sinus Inflammation

Managing chronic sinus inflammation requires a detailed plan. Preventative treatments are a proactive strategy to avoid triggers of your symptoms.

Success in managing chronic sinus inflammation comes from being consistent and personal. What works for one person might not work for another. So, it's important to work with your physician create a plan that fits your needs. This way, your plan can change as your condition does.

Identifying and Avoiding Personal Triggers

Knowing your personal triggers is key to preventing symptoms. Common triggers include pollen, mold, weather changes, stress, certain foods, and environmental irritants like cigarette smoke or strong fragrances.

Keep a trigger diary for at least a month. Record your daily activities, weather, foods, stress levels, and symptom severity. This helps you see patterns that might not be obvious.

Consider getting tested by an allergist to find specific allergens. Once you know your triggers, you can avoid them. This might mean using HEPA filters, avoiding certain foods, or managing stress.

Monitor local pollen counts and plan outdoor activities wisely
Identify food sensitivities that may worsen inflammation
Recognize stress patterns that coincide with symptom flare-ups
Note weather changes that affect your sinus health

Tracking Your Symptoms and Progress

Tracking your symptoms gives you valuable insights. Use a simple rating system from 1-10 for symptoms like nasal congestion, facial pain, and overall quality of life.

Document your symptoms daily, including severity, duration, and any factors that seem to influence them. Note which treatments provide relief and how long that relief lasts. This information is important for medical appointments and helps your healthcare team make informed decisions.

Many patients find smartphone apps helpful for tracking. Choose one that allows you to record multiple symptoms, medications taken, and environmental factors. Regular review of this data can reveal trends that guide treatment adjustments.

Building a Support System with Healthcare Providers

A strong healthcare team is essential for managing chronic sinus inflammation. Your team should include your primary care physician, an ENT specialist, and possibly an allergist or immunologist, depending on your specific needs.

Schedule regular follow-up appointments even when you're feeling well. These visits allow your healthcare providers to monitor your progress, adjust treatments as needed, and catch any complications early. Open communication is essential – never hesitate to contact your healthcare team when symptoms worsen or new concerns arise.

Prepare for appointments by bringing your symptom diary, a list of current medications, and specific questions about your care. This preparation ensures you make the most of your time with healthcare providers and receive the guidance you need.

Remember, managing this condition is often a journey of trial and adjustment. We're committed to working with you to find the best treatments and lifestyle modifications for your quality of life. Your active participation in this process is the key to long-term success.

Chronic Sinusitis Treatment in Louisville

We want to help you know when to get medical help fast. Most chronic sinusitis cases can be treated normally. But, some signs mean you need urgent care. Knowing these signs can save your life.

It's important to know when symptoms are getting worse. We want you to feel okay about getting help when you need it.

Warning Signs That Require Emergency Care

Some symptoms need you to go to the emergency room right away. Severe headache, fever, and neck stiffness could mean meningitis. You need to see a doctor fast, not wait.

Changes in your vision are also a big warning sign. Sudden double vision, blurred sight, or vision loss could mean an eye infection. These problems can get worse fast.

Swelling around your eyes, with pain or vision issues, is an emergency. High fever over 101.3°F and severe facial pain also need quick care.

Changes in how you think or act are urgent. Confusion, trouble thinking, or acting strangely can mean serious problems. These can happen quickly.

Serious Complications We Need to Watch For

It's key to know about possible complications. Meningitis is the most serious and happens when infection reaches your brain and spinal cord.

Brain abscesses are rare but serious. They happen when bacteria infect brain tissue. You'll need hospital care and antibiotics right away.

Orbital cellulitis affects the eye area. It can cause permanent vision loss. This is more common in kids but adults can get it too.

Bone infections in your skull are serious. They happen when sinusitis spreads to bone. These infections are hard to treat and might need surgery.

Blood clots in brain vessels are rare but serious. They can cause stroke-like symptoms. You need emergency care fast.

Building a Strong Relationship with Your Healthcare Team

Preventing emergencies starts with good communication with your doctors. Regular check-ups help your doctor keep an eye on you. They can adjust treatments before things get worse.

It's good to have both a primary care doctor and an ENT specialist. Having multiple doctors means you can get help when you need it.

Keep a record of your symptoms, medicines, and how you react to treatments. This helps your doctors make better decisions in emergencies.

Never hesitate to call if you're worried about new or worse symptoms. Your doctors would prefer to check unnecessary concerns than miss a serious problem.

Make an emergency plan with your doctors. Know which symptoms are urgent and how to get help outside office hours.

Think about getting care at a local emergency room. They can have your medical history ready. This can save time in real emergencies.

Conclusion

We've explored many ways to treat and manage chronic sinusitis. You don't have to let sinus problems control your life. With the right tools and knowledge, you can take back control.

Your journey to better sinus health is unique. What works for one person might not work for another. Finding the right treatment might involve medical therapies, home remedies, and lifestyle changes. Be patient as you find what works best for you.

Having a strong relationship with your healthcare team is key. Keep track of what helps your symptoms and what makes them worse. This information helps your doctors create a treatment plan that's just right for you.

Improvement takes time. Whether you're starting with nasal sprays and saline rinses or considering surgery, consistency is key. Keep following your treatment plan, even when progress seems slow.

You're not alone in this journey. Millions of people successfully manage chronic sinusitis. With the right treatment plan and support from your medical team, you can enjoy daily activities without sinus discomfort. Stay committed to your health and don't hesitate to ask for help when you need it.

FAQ

What's the difference between chronic and acute sinusitis?

Acute sinusitis lasts 7-10 days and gets better with simple treatments. Chronic sinusitis, on the other hand, lasts over 12 weeks. It often comes back and needs more complex treatments.

How long should I take antibiotics for chronic sinusitis?

For chronic cases, antibiotics are needed for 3-4 weeks if a bacterial infection is found. But, many chronic cases are due to inflammation, not infection. In these cases, antibiotics might not work as well as other treatments like steroid nasal sprays .

Are steroid nasal sprays safe for long-term use?

Yes, steroid nasal sprays are safe and effective for long-term use. They are a key tool in managing chronic sinusitis. They reduce swelling and improve drainage with few side effects when used correctly.

How often should I do saline irrigation for nasal congestion relief?

We suggest doing saline irrigation 1-2 times a day for chronic sinusitis. It helps remove irritants and thin mucus. Using a neti pot or squeeze bottle is important for best results.

When should I consider endoscopic sinus surgery?

If medicines, saline irrigation , and lifestyle changes don't help after months, consider surgery. Surgery is for severe cases with structural issues or persistent polyps.

What is balloon sinuplasty and how is it different from traditional surgery?

Balloon sinuplasty is a less invasive method. It uses a balloon to open blocked sinuses. It has a shorter recovery time of 1-2 weeks, unlike traditional surgery which takes 2-4 weeks.

What are the warning signs that my chronic sinusitis has become serious?

Seek immediate help for severe headache, fever, neck stiffness, vision changes, eye swelling, confusion, or fever over 101.3°F with facial pain. These could be signs of serious conditions like meningitis or orbital cellulitis.

Can diet and natural remedies really help with chronic sinus inflammation?

Yes! Eating anti-inflammatory foods like turmeric, ginger, and omega-3 fish helps. Staying hydrated and using steam therapy, humidifiers, and essential oils can also help.

How long does it take to see improvement after starting chronic sinusitis treatment?

Improvement times vary. Steroid nasal sprays can help in days to weeks. Saline irrigation offers quick relief but needs regular use. Surgery may take months for full recovery.

Should I see an ENT specialist for my chronic sinusitis?

Yes, see an ENT specialist if symptoms don't improve, if you're thinking about surgery, or have complex cases. They have the expertise for advanced treatments.

Balloon Sinuplasty: Debunking Common Myths

Tue, 19 Aug 2025 14:03:17 GMT

If you’re one of the millions dealing with chronic sinus infections or recurring sinus pressure, you're not alone. Many patients searching for long-term relief come across balloon sinuplasty—but is it the right solution for you?

Let’s take a closer look at what balloon sinuplasty is, how it compares to other treatments like endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS), and clear up some common myths along the way.

What Is Balloon Sinuplasty?

Balloon sinuplasty (BSP) is a non-surgical sinus procedure where an ENT (ear, nose, and throat) specialist uses a small balloon to open blocked sinus passages. Unlike traditional surgery, it doesn’t remove tissue or bone. Instead, a small balloon catheter is inserted into the sinus opening and inflated to open blocked passages. Once the pathway is widened, the balloon is removed, restoring normal sinus drainage.

Myth vs. Truth: The Real Facts About Balloon Sinuplasty

Myth: “All sinus surgeries are the same.”

Truth: They’re actually very different. Balloon sinuplasty gently widens narrow sinus passages—similar to nudging open a jammed window. In contrast, endoscopic sinus surgery is more involved, like a full renovation—clearing out obstructions, correcting anatomical problems, and creating better long-term drainage pathways.

Myth: “Balloon sinuplasty (BSP) is a permanent solution for everyone.”

Truth: While BSP can offer lasting relief for certain patients, its effectiveness depends on the severity and underlying cause of your sinus issues. It works best for individuals with narrowed sinus openings and mild-to-moderate chronic sinusitis . However, it may not be sufficient for those with severe inflammation, nasal polyps, or anatomical abnormalities.

Myth: “Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (ESS) is extremely painful with a long recovery.”

Truth: Modern ESS is far less invasive than many believe.

Minimal discomfort (thanks to advanced techniques).
No nasal packing in many cases.
Faster recovery than older surgical methods.

Myth: “Balloon sinuplasty is just as effective as ESS for all cases.”

Truth: BSP is effective for certain conditions, but ESS remains the gold standard for complex cases.

BSP helps with: Opening blocked sinus passages.
ESS is better for: Removing polyps , correcting severe deformities, or treating deep infections.

Myth: “The balloon stays in your sinuses after the procedure.”

Truth: The balloon is temporarily inflated, then completely removed. Nothing is left behind.

Myth: “Balloon sinuplasty cures all sinus headaches.”

Truth: BSP relieves sinus-related pressure, but not migraines or tension headaches.

Helps with: Congestion, facial pain from sinus blockage.
Won’t fix: Non-sinus headaches (misdiagnosis is common).

Myth: “Everyone with sinus issues is a candidate for balloon sinuplasty.”

Truth: BSP is not for every case. You may not be a candidate if you have:

Large or recurring nasal polyps
Severe structural deformities (e.g., major deviated septum )
Fungal sinus infections
Advanced chronic sinus disease

Myth: “If balloon sinuplasty fails, there are no other options.”

Truth: Balloon sinuplasty is just one tool in your sinus treatment toolbox. If it doesn't provide full relief, endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is still an option—and for many patients with complex sinus issues, ESS is actually the more comprehensive solution.

Which Treatment Is Right for You?

The best way to determine whether balloon sinuplasty or endoscopic sinus surgery is right for you is through a personalized evaluation with an ENT specialist .

Balloon Sinuplasty May Be a Good Fit If You Have:

✔ Recurrent sinus infections
✔ Chronic congestion without polyps
✔ Mild-to-moderate sinus blockage

Endoscopic Sinus Surgery May Be Better If You Have:

✔ Severe sinus disease
✔ Nasal polyps
✔ Structural abnormalities

Find Long-Term Sinus Relief in Kentucky

If chronic sinus issues are disrupting your life, don’t settle for misinformation. The right treatment can restore your breathing, reduce infections, and provide long-lasting relief.

Struggling with sinus pain or pressure? Schedule a consultation with Dr. Thomas Higgins , a trusted nose and sinus specialist in Kentucky, to find out whether balloon sinuplasty or another treatment is your best path to relief.

How to Treat a Sinus Infection: What Actually Works?

Mon, 18 Aug 2025 13:21:18 GMT

How to Treat a Sinus Infection: What Actually Works?

That throbbing pressure behind your eyes. The constant congestion that makes every breath feel like work. The exhaustion from sleepless nights trying to find relief.

We get it. Millions of Americans face this struggle every year, looking for real answers. You're not alone in this frustrating journey.

When your daily life is disrupted by facial pressure and feeling unwell, you need reliable solutions . That's what we're here to offer.

In this guide, we'll show you proven methods for relief. From simple home remedies to advanced medical treatments, we've got you covered.

Our aim is simple: empower you with evidence-based knowledge . We want you to know when to seek professional medical care for the best recovery.

Key Takeaways

Multiple effective treatment options exist, from home remedies to medical interventions
Early intervention can prevent complications and speed up recovery time
Simple lifestyle changes can provide immediate symptom relief
Professional medical evaluation is key for chronic or severe cases
Evidence-based approaches deliver better results than unproven methods
Understanding your symptoms helps determine the most appropriate care level

Step 1: Identify Your Type of Sinus Infection

The first step to treating sinus infections is to know what you have. Different infections need different treatments. Knowing your symptoms helps us find the best way to help you.

Sinus pain and pressure can be tough. Knowing what you have is key to feeling better. Let's look at what you need to know for your treatment.

Recognizing Acute vs. Chronic Sinusitis Symptoms

Acute sinusitis comes on fast and lasts less than four weeks. You might see thick yellow or green nasal discharge , facial pain that gets worse when you bend forward, and congestion after a cold or respiratory infection.

Chronic sinusitis is different and needs special care for chronic sinusitis relief . It lasts more than 12 weeks, even with treatment. Signs include constant nasal congestion, reduced sense of smell, and ongoing facial pressure.

The main difference is how long it lasts and how bad it is. Acute cases often get better with simple care. Chronic cases need more complex treatments. We find that chronic cases do best with multi-faceted treatment approaches that tackle the root causes.

Understanding Bacterial vs. Viral Infections

Most sinus infections start as viral infections. This means antibiotics won't work. Viral sinusitis usually gets better in 7-10 days with rest, hydration, and managing symptoms.

Bacterial infections happen when symptoms get worse after they start to get better or last more than 10 days. You might have severe facial pain , a fever over 102°F, and thick, colored nasal discharge. These infections need prescription medications to treat.

We help our patients tell the difference because the treatment is different. Viral infections do well with natural remedies and over-the-counter solutions. Bacterial infections may need medical help.

Assessing Severity and Duration

Mild symptoms include occasional congestion, minor facial pressure, and clear nasal drainage. These often get better with home remedies and self-care.

Moderate symptoms include constant congestion, colored discharge, facial pain that affects daily life, and reduced sense of smell. This level does well with over-the-counter treatments and natural methods.

Severe symptoms need quick attention and include intense facial pain , high fever, vision changes, or symptoms lasting more than two weeks. Our team specializes in treating complex cases that don't respond to standard treatments.

By understanding your symptoms, you can choose the right treatment and know when to see a doctor.

Step 2: Start with Immediate Relief Techniques

When sinus pressure builds up and breathing becomes difficult, we recommend starting with proven immediate relief techniques that work within hours. These nasal congestion solutions don't require prescription medications or expensive equipment. Most people find significant improvement using simple methods available in every home.

The key to success lies in proper technique and consistency. We've seen patients experience dramatic relief when they combine these approaches correctly. Let's explore the three most effective methods our patients use for quick sinus symptom management.

Steam Inhalation Method for Quick Relief

Steam inhalation ranks among the most effective nasal congestion solutions because it naturally thins mucus and opens blocked passages. The warm, moist air helps reduce inflammation while promoting drainage from congested sinuses.

To create an effective steam treatment, fill a large bowl with hot water and lean over it with a towel covering your head. Breathe deeply for 10-15 minutes, taking breaks if needed. Adding a few drops of eucalyptus oil can enhance the decongestant effects .

Safety remains key during steam treatments. Keep your face at least 12 inches from the water surface to prevent burns. We recommend testing the temperature with your hand before positioning your face over the bowl.

Proper Nasal Irrigation Technique

Nasal irrigation represents one of the most powerful sinus drainage treatments available without prescription. This technique flushes out irritants, bacteria, and excess mucus while moisturizing dry nasal passages.

Use a neti pot or squeeze bottle filled with sterile saline solution. Mix one teaspoon of salt with two cups of distilled or previously boiled water. Tilt your head sideways over a sink and gently pour the solution into one nostril, allowing it to drain from the other.

Proper preparation prevents complications. Always use sterile, distilled, or previously boiled water - never straight tap water. Medical experts emphasize the importance of using clean equipment and proper salt ratios for safe irrigation.

Applying Warm Compresses Effectively

Warm compresses provide targeted relief by reducing inflammation and promoting natural drainage. This gentle approach works well for facial pain and pressure around the eyes and cheeks.

Soak a clean washcloth in warm water and wring out excess moisture. Apply the compress to your face for 10-15 minutes, focusing on areas of greatest discomfort. Reheating the cloth maintains therapeutic temperature throughout the treatment .

The following table compares the effectiveness and application methods of these immediate relief techniques:

Technique

Relief Time

Duration

Best For

Frequency

Steam Inhalation

15-30 minutes

10-15 minutes

Thick mucus, congestion

2-3 times daily

Nasal Irrigation

Immediate

5-10 minutes

Bacterial infections, allergies

1-2 times daily

Warm Compresses

10-20 minutes

10-15 minutes

Facial pain, pressure

3-4 times daily

These sinus drainage treatments work best when used together as part of a complete approach. Many patients report significant improvement within the first day of consistent application. Remember that persistence and proper technique maximize the benefits of these natural relief methods.

Step 3: Implement Proven Natural Remedies for Sinusitis

We believe in using nature's power to help you recover from sinus infections. Natural remedies for sinusitis are great helpers that support your body's healing. They can reduce swelling, thin out mucus, and strengthen your immune system.

Our approach mixes old wisdom with new science. Many patients have found relief with these gentle yet effective methods. It's important to use these remedies regularly and correctly for the best results.

Essential Oil Steam Treatments

Essential oil steam treatments take steam inhalation to a new level. Eucalyptus oil has compounds that fight infection and open up blocked airways. Just add 3-4 drops to boiling water and breathe in for 10-15 minutes.

Peppermint oil cools and reduces swelling and pain. Tea tree oil fights bacteria. Always mix essential oils with a carrier and test them first.

Switch between different oils to avoid getting used to them. Don't put undiluted oils on your skin or in your nose. These treatments are most effective when done 2-3 times a day when you're sick.

Herbal Supplements That Reduce Inflammation

Some herbal supplements target sinus inflammation. Bromelain from pineapples breaks down proteins that cause swelling. Take 500mg three times a day, with meals.

Quercetin is a natural antihistamine and anti-inflammatory. Butterbur extract has been shown to reduce sinus inflammation in studies.

"Natural anti-inflammatory compounds can be as effective as conventional medications when used properly and consistently."

Always talk to a doctor before starting new supplements. Some herbs can interact with medicines or have side effects. We help our patients find safe and effective dosages.

Hydration and Dietary Modifications

Drinking enough water is key to healing your sinuses. Drink 8-10 glasses of water daily to thin out mucus and boost your immune system. Warm liquids like herbal teas and broths also help.

Changing your diet can also help. Cut down on processed foods, sugar, and dairy that can make mucus worse. Anti-inflammatory foods like turmeric, ginger, and leafy greens help your body heal.

These home remedies for sinus pain work best together. Foods high in vitamin C and zinc support your immune system and help repair tissues. Our nutrition advice helps patients eat their way to faster recovery and better sinus health.

Step 4: Choose the Right Over-the-Counter Solutions

Sometimes, natural remedies aren't enough. That's when over-the-counter medications come in. They offer specific relief and help your body heal.

Choosing the right medication is key. We help our patients find the best options for their symptoms. Let's look at the top choices at your local pharmacy.

Selecting Effective Decongestants for Sinus Problems

Decongestants for sinus problems reduce swelling and open airways. There are two main types, each with its own benefits.

Pseudoephedrine is the top choice for oral decongestants. It cuts down nasal congestion and sinus pressure. You need to show ID to buy it. Most adults can take 30-60mg every four to six hours for best results.

Phenylephrine is another option, available without a prescription. It's not as strong but works well for many. It's good for those who can't take pseudoephedrine because of blood pressure issues.

Pseudoephedrine: More effective, requires ID to purchase
Phenylephrine: Easier to obtain, gentler on cardiovascular system
Duration: Both typically work for 4-6 hours per dose

Pain Relief and Anti-inflammatory Medications

Sinus pressure medication should tackle pain and inflammation. We suggest two categories for complete relief.

Ibuprofen reduces inflammation and eases pain. It's great for sinus headaches and facial pressure. Take 200-400mg every six to eight hours with food to avoid stomach upset.

Acetaminophen is good for pain relief but doesn't reduce inflammation. It's best for those who can't take NSAIDs. The standard adult dose is 500-1000mg every six hours .

Nasal Sprays and Proper Application Techniques

Nasal sprays target relief directly to affected areas. There are three main types for different needs.

Saline sprays add moisture and clear out irritants. They're safe for daily use and work well with other treatments. Use them as needed throughout the day.

Decongestant sprays provide quick relief but must be used carefully. Never use these sprays for more than three consecutive days to avoid rebound congestion. Oxymetazoline and phenylephrine are common ingredients.

Here's how to use nasal sprays effectively:

Clear your nose gently before application
Tilt your head slightly forward
Insert the nozzle just inside your nostril
Spray while breathing in slowly
Keep your head tilted for several seconds

We always start with the mildest option and increase as needed. This approach reduces side effects and speeds up recovery.

Step 5: Determine When You Need Sinus Infection Treatment from a Doctor

Knowing when to see a doctor is key to your health and quick recovery. It can be tough, with symptoms making you feel uncomfortable. Look for warning signs and timelines that show you need sinus infection treatment from a doctor.

Many people handle mild sinus infections at home. But, some situations need a doctor's help to avoid serious problems. We've helped many patients decide when to see a doctor. Early help often means faster healing and better results.

Warning Signs That Require Medical Attention

Some signs mean you should see a doctor right away, no matter how long you've had symptoms. These signs show your infection might be too serious for home remedies.

Severe symptoms that need urgent care include:

High fever above 101.3°F (38.5°C) that persists or worsens
Intense headache that doesn't respond to pain medication
Vision changes, double vision, or eye swelling
Neck stiffness or severe throat pain
Confusion or altered mental state

Also, if your symptoms get better but then get worse, see a doctor. This could mean a secondary bacterial infection that needs sinus infection treatment from a professional.

Facial swelling, like around the eyes, is another serious sign. It might mean the infection has spread to other tissues, needing quick medical help.

Timeline for Seeking Professional Help

Knowing when to see a doctor based on symptom duration is important. We suggest timelines to help your body heal naturally while avoiding complications.

Seek medical attention if:

Symptoms last more than 10 days without getting better
Symptoms get much worse after 5-7 days of home treatment
You have more than 3 sinus infections a year
Symptoms come back soon after treatment ends

Patients who see a doctor within these times usually recover faster. Waiting too long can lead to chronic sinusitis, needing more treatment.

People with health issues like diabetes, asthma, or weak immune systems should see a doctor sooner. These conditions can make sinus infections worse and need special care.

Preparing for Your Medical Appointment

Getting ready for your doctor's visit helps make it more effective. It helps your doctor find the best treatment for you. We suggest gathering specific information before your visit for a full evaluation.

Essential preparation steps include:

Write down your symptoms, including when they started, how long they last, and how bad they get
List all medicines, supplements, and home remedies you've tried
Notice any triggers or patterns
Prepare questions about treatment options and how long it will take to get better
Bring a list of your current medicines and any allergies you have

Also, track your temperature and pain for a few days before your visit. This info helps your doctor understand how serious your condition is and what treatment is best.

It's a good idea to bring a trusted friend or family member to your appointment. They can help you remember important details and ask questions you might forget.

Our medical team values patients who come prepared with detailed symptom histories and clear questions. This preparation lets us give more targeted, effective treatment and helps set realistic recovery expectations.

Step 6: Navigate Prescription Medication Options

We guide patients to understand when they need prescription meds for sinus infections. These meds target parts of your condition that OTCs can't.

Our team looks at your symptoms, medical history, and how you respond to treatments. This ensures you get the right meds for you.

Recognizing When Bacterial Infections Require Antibiotic Treatment

Knowing when to use antibiotics for sinus infection is key. It helps avoid overuse and fights antibiotic resistance. We check for signs of bacterial infections.

Bacterial infections show thick, colored nasal discharge that lasts more than ten days. Symptoms can get worse after they seem to get better. You might also feel a lot of facial pain and pressure.

We also look at fever and how bad your symptoms are. High fevers and severe headaches often mean you need antibiotics.

Corticosteroid Benefits for Inflammation Control

Corticosteroids have strong anti-inflammatory effects . They help reduce swelling in your nasal passages and sinuses. They work differently than antibiotics, focusing on inflammation.

Oral corticosteroids help with severe cases, while nasal sprays target the area with fewer side effects. We often use them with antibiotics for better symptom control.

They help quickly reduce facial pressure , improve breathing, and cut down mucus. Most people see big improvements in 24-48 hours.

Safe Prescription Medication Practices

Following prescription guidelines is important for safe treatment. We give clear instructions on when and how to take your meds.

Finish your antibiotic course even if you feel better. Stopping early can lead to treatment failure and antibiotic resistance. This rule applies to all meds unless we say it's okay to stop.

We keep a close eye on how you're doing during treatment. If you have side effects or symptoms get worse, contact us right away.

We also schedule regular check-ups to see how well the treatment is working. We might adjust your meds if needed.

Step 7: Explore Advanced Treatment with an ENT Specialist for Sinusitis

For those with ongoing sinus issues, seeing an ENT specialist for sinusitis is key. They offer more than basic treatments. If home remedies and common meds don't work, you need advanced care.

When symptoms persist, an ENT consultation is a good next step. These experts have tools and treatments that primary care can't match. They can find issues that others miss.

Comprehensive Diagnostic Evaluations

ENT specialists use state-of-the-art imaging and diagnostic tools for detailed plans. Their exams go beyond what your regular doctor does.

They use high-resolution CT scans and endoscopic exams to see inside your sinuses. Allergy tests help find environmental causes of inflammation.

These detailed tests often reveal hidden problems. Knowing your sinus anatomy and what triggers your symptoms helps specialists create better plans.

Specialized Procedures and Therapies

ENT specialists offer minimally invasive procedures not found in primary care. These treatments can help those who haven't seen improvement with usual methods.

Balloon sinuplasty is one such option. It uses balloons to open up sinuses without removing tissue. Advanced irrigation helps clear infections and reduce swelling.

They also use targeted steroid treatments. These treatments are effective and have little downtime.

Surgical Options for Chronic Sinusitis Relief

For severe cases, functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) might be needed. This surgery removes blockages and fixes structural problems.

Today's sinus surgery is less invasive than before. Surgeons use tiny cameras and tools through natural openings. This reduces damage and speeds up healing.

We team up with skilled ENT specialists for patient-focused care. This ensures a smooth transition from basic to advanced treatments when needed.

Surgery is usually a last resort when other treatments don't work. Your ENT will discuss all options before suggesting surgery.

Step 8: Address Underlying Causes and Allergies

Dealing with chronic sinusitis relief means tackling the root causes of inflammation. Many people keep getting sinus infections because they don't know what's causing them. We look deeper than just symptoms to find the real problems.

We take a detailed look at your health history, what you're exposed to, and possible allergies. This helps us make a treatment plan that really works, not just a quick fix.

Allergy Testing and Management

Allergy testing is key to managing sinus problems for the long term. We use skin prick tests and blood tests to find out what allergens are causing your issues. These tests can show sensitivities to things like pollen, dust mites, and food allergens.

Our allergy experts create a detailed plan based on your specific allergies. This has helped many patients who used to get infections all the time.

The testing is easy and gives us important information. Skin tests show results in 20 minutes, and blood tests confirm for more complex cases. Once we know what allergens you're sensitive to, we create a plan to avoid them and treat your chronic sinusitis relief .

Environmental Trigger Identification

Many things can irritate your sinuses, not just traditional allergens. We help you find out what's causing your symptoms, like cigarette smoke, strong smells, and air pollution.

We check your home and work for air quality, humidity, and contamination. Simple changes can make a big difference in your symptoms.

We give you tips to avoid these triggers. This might include using air purifiers, controlling humidity, and special cleaning methods. Environmental changes can help a lot when combined with medical treatment.

Immunotherapy and Long-term Solutions

For those with allergies causing sinus problems, immunotherapy is a long-term solution. It helps your body get used to allergens without reacting. We offer allergy shots and sublingual tablets based on your needs.

Immunotherapy slowly introduces you to more of your allergens. Over time, your body learns to handle them without inflammation. It takes 3-5 years but can last decades.

We watch your progress closely during immunotherapy. Most people start feeling better in 6-12 months. The long-term benefits include less need for medication and a better quality of life.

We offer a complete approach to chronic sinusitis relief . We're your partner in achieving lasting sinus health. Our thorough care tackles symptoms and underlying causes, breaking the cycle of infections and improving your health for the long term.

Step 9: Create a Prevention Strategy

Creating a good prevention plan means setting up daily routines and making lifestyle changes. We help our patients make plans that lower the chance of getting sick again. This plan focuses on three main areas to keep your sinuses working well.

Prevention is better than treating after you get sick. It keeps you from feeling bad and keeps your life on track. Our patients who prevent infections see up to 70% fewer sinus infections than those who wait to treat symptoms.

Daily Nasal Hygiene Routines

Good nasal hygiene is key to preventing sinus problems. We suggest adding nasal congestion solutions to your daily routine. This keeps your sinuses healthy and stops bacteria from building up.

Saline rinses are the best way to prevent problems. Do these rinses twice a day with sterile or distilled water and salt. Morning and evening rinses help remove irritants.

Blowing your nose the right way is also important. Blow gently through one nostril at a time with your mouth open. This method helps avoid pushing infected material deeper into your sinuses.

Other hygiene steps include washing your hands often, not touching your face, and cleaning your nose after being in dusty or polluted places. These actions help keep harmful bacteria out of your sinuses.

Environmental Modifications for Better Air Quality

Your home and work environments are key to keeping your sinuses healthy. We give advice on making these spaces better for your sinuses and reducing triggers.

HEPA air filters can remove up to 99.97% of particles that bother your sinuses. Use these filters in your bedroom and living areas. Replace them regularly to keep them working well.

Keeping the right humidity level is also important. Aim for 30-50% humidity with humidifiers in dry seasons and dehumidifiers in moist ones. This stops your sinuses from getting too dry or growing mold.

Cleaning regularly helps get rid of allergens that can make your sinuses inflamed. Focus on cleaning bedding, carpets, and furniture where dust mites and pet dander live. Use damp cloths to dust to catch particles instead of spreading them.

Lifestyle Changes to Boost Immune Function

Having a strong immune system is your best defense against sinus infections. We help patients make lifestyle changes that boost their immunity and support their sinuses.

Getting enough sleep is important for your immune system. Aim for 7-9 hours of sleep each night. This lets your body repair itself and get stronger. Sleeping at the same time every night helps your body's defenses work better.

Regular exercise also helps your immune system. Activities like brisk walking, swimming, or cycling for 30 minutes a day improve your circulation and help clear toxins. These activities also help your sinuses drain naturally.

Managing stress is key to keeping your immune system strong. Use techniques like deep breathing, meditation, or yoga to stay calm. Chronic stress weakens your body's ability to fight off infections and can cause inflammation.

Eating foods rich in vitamin C, zinc, and antioxidants also supports your immune system. Eat lots of colorful fruits and vegetables, lean proteins, and omega-3 fatty acids. Drinking plenty of water and herbal teas helps keep your mucus flowing well and supports natural drainage.

These prevention strategies work together to keep your sinuses healthy. By following these evidence-based steps, you can greatly reduce the chance of getting sick and improve your overall well-being.

Conclusion

We've explored how to treat sinus infections, from simple home remedies to advanced medical treatments. Your journey to feeling better begins with knowing your symptoms and choosing the right care.

Many find relief with natural methods like steam inhalation and nasal irrigation. These home remedies can help with mild to moderate symptoms. If these don't work, over-the-counter meds are the next step.

When symptoms last more than ten days or get worse, you need professional help. We offer expert evaluations and treatment plans tailored to you.

Effective sinus care often uses a mix of treatments. What works best varies by person. So, start with treatments that match your symptom severity.

Your well-being is important, and sinus problems shouldn't stop you. Whether you need help with home treatments or a full medical check-up, we're here for you.

Begin your journey to lasting sinus relief today. Start with treatments that fit your symptoms. But don't wait to get professional help when needed.

FAQ

How do I know if my sinus infection is bacterial or viral?

We help you figure out if your sinus infection is bacterial or viral by looking at your symptoms and how long they last. Bacterial infections last more than 10 days, get worse after seeming to get better, and have thick, colored nasal discharge. They also cause facial pain and fever.Viral infections usually get better in 7-10 days and follow cold symptoms. If your symptoms last more than 10 days or get worse after seeming to get better, you should see a doctor. They can tell if you need antibiotics.

What natural remedies for sinusitis actually work?

We've found some natural remedies for sinusitis that really help. Steam inhalation with essential oils like eucalyptus or peppermint opens up blocked passages. Nasal irrigation with saline solution gets rid of irritants and bacteria.Herbal supplements like bromelain and quercetin reduce inflammation naturally. Drinking plenty of water and using warm compresses on your face also help a lot. These remedies work best when used together and regularly during your recovery.

When should I see an ENT specialist for sinusitis?

You should see an ENT specialist for sinusitis if you get infections more than 3-4 times a year. Or if your symptoms last more than 12 weeks and treatments haven't helped. An ENT specialist can do tests like CT scans and endoscopies to find out what's causing your symptoms.They can also offer treatments like balloon sinuplasty that you can't get from a regular doctor.

Are antibiotics always necessary for sinus infections?

Antibiotics aren't always needed for sinus infections. Most are viral and will get better on their own. We only prescribe antibiotics if we're sure it's a bacterial infection, like if your symptoms last more than 10 days or you have a high fever.Using antibiotics too much can make them less effective, so we carefully decide when to use them.

What decongestants work best for sinus problems?

We help you choose the best decongestants for your sinus problems. Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed) is usually better than phenylephrine for congestion. But nasal decongestant sprays like oxymetazoline work faster but should only be used for 3 days to avoid rebound congestion.Using oral decongestants with saline nasal sprays is the best way to get relief while avoiding side effects.

How can I prevent recurring sinus infections?

We teach you how to prevent sinus infections from coming back. Keeping your nose clean with daily saline rinses is key. Using HEPA air filters, keeping humidity levels right, and avoiding allergens also helps a lot.We also recommend getting tested for allergies and making lifestyle changes like getting enough sleep and exercising regularly. These steps help keep your sinuses healthy.

What sinus pressure medication provides the best relief?

For sinus pressure, we usually recommend ibuprofen first because it helps with pain and swelling. Acetaminophen can also help with pain but doesn't reduce swelling. For really bad pressure, taking these with decongestants can help a lot.Nasal corticosteroid sprays like fluticasone can also reduce swelling and pressure, which is great for chronic cases or allergies.

How long should I try home remedies before seeking medical care?

We suggest trying home remedies for 7-10 days for acute symptoms. But if you have a high fever, severe headache, vision changes, or neck stiffness, you should see a doctor sooner. If your symptoms get worse after 5-7 days or last more than 10 days, it's time to get professional help.If you have recurring infections or symptoms that last more than 12 weeks, seeing a doctor is important to find the cause and prevent complications.

What's the proper technique for nasal irrigation?

Proper nasal irrigation is a great way to drain your sinuses. Use distilled, sterile, or boiled water mixed with non-iodized salt (1/4 teaspoon per cup). Lean over a sink, tilt your head, and gently pour the solution into one nostril, letting it drain from the other.Always use fresh solution and clean your device after each use. This method helps remove irritants, bacteria, and excess mucus while keeping your nasal passages moist.

Can chronic sinusitis be cured permanently?

Chronic sinusitis can be relieved, but it depends on the cause. Many patients see long-term improvement through treatments that address allergies, structural issues, and environmental triggers. ENT specialists can offer advanced treatments like endoscopic surgery to fix anatomical problems and improve drainage.We work with each patient to create a personalized plan that may include immunotherapy, environmental changes, and ongoing care to keep your sinuses healthy.

Frequent Nosebleeds in Teens? It Could Be Juvenile Angiofibroma

Tue, 29 Jul 2025 16:33:08 GMT

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Does your child seem to have a lot of nosebleeds? Being exposed to dry air or blowing their nose too hard can cause this to happen. But there’s another potential cause to be aware of — juvenile angiofibroma or juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA). It’s a treatable condition that can help stop these frequent nosebleeds from happening.

What Is Juvenile Angiofibroma?

JNA is a growth filled with blood vessels that develops behind the nose. It’s benign or noncancerous, but it can cause symptoms that affect daily life and well-being. Surgical treatments can remove this growth, though it may come back.

What Symptoms Does It Cause?

JNA may not cause any signs at first. But as the growth gets bigger, it starts affecting airflow in the nasal passages. At this point, symptoms may include:

Frequent nosebleeds
Nosebleeds that are hard to stop
Headaches
Swelling in the face, especially near the nose
Changes in hearing
Changes in vision

What Causes It?

That’s more difficult to understand. No exact underlying cause has been found yet, though researchers believe hormones may be involved, as JNA mainly occurs in boys . It doesn’t appear to be genetic or hereditary.

When to Seek Treatment

Dealing with recurrent nosebleeds and frequent headaches can disrupt your teen’s life. Facial swelling might affect their self-esteem, making them self-conscious about their appearance. Since JNA is a growth that may continue getting larger, it may end up affecting their hearing and/or vision. In severe cases, it can even raise the risk of vision loss due to pressure on the eyes.

If your child is experiencing symptoms of JNA, it’s time to seek a diagnosis and treatment. Note that since this growth can return, it may require treatment again.

How Is It Diagnosed?

When parents suspect their teens may have JNA, an ENT specialist can examine their nose and run imaging tests to check for this growth. If it’s present, it’s generally treated with a minimally invasive surgical procedure.

What Treatments Are Available for Juvenile Angiofibroma?

Surgery and radiation therapy are among the treatment options for JNA. But radiation is only used in more severe or complex cases. Our ENT specialist uses nasal endoscopy for JNA. This procedure involves using a thin tube with a camera to enter the nose and remove the growth.

This minimally invasive surgery helps eliminate the need for incisions, allowing our doctor to go through the nostrils instead. It also offers other benefits, such as:

Shorter recovery time
Lower risk of complications
Improved breathing once the growth is gone

Visit Our ENT Specialist for an Evaluation

Are you concerned that your teen might have JNA? Our board-certified otolaryngologist, Dr. Thomas S. Higgins , can examine your child’s nose to look for growths or other possible causes of frequent nosebleeds. If your child has JNA, we can discuss doing a nasal endoscopy to remove it to ease symptoms and prevent complications.

Do You Need a Sinus Specialist? 7 Signs It's Time to See One

Mon, 30 Jun 2025 23:32:27 GMT

Ever wake up with pressure behind your eyes and struggle to breathe? Wondering if it will ever stop? Chronic nasal issues can make everyday tasks hard.

Many people wait months for symptoms to go away. Others use over-the-counter meds for quick fixes. The truth is, persistent problems often signal the need for specialized care.

Knowing when to see a sinus specialist can change your life. These health issues can mess with your sleep, work, and life quality.

This guide will help you spot warning signs for expert treatment. We'll show you when your symptoms need more than primary care. This empowers you to make smart health choices.

Key Takeaways

Persistent symptoms lasting more than 12 weeks may require specialized evaluation
Recurring infections or severe headaches often indicate the need for expert care
A sinus specialist offers advanced diagnostic tools and treatment options
Early intervention can prevent complications and improve long-term outcomes
Specialized care addresses root causes rather than just managing symptoms
Professional evaluation helps distinguish between different types of nasal conditions

Understanding When Your Sinus Problems Need Expert Care

Figuring out when to see a specialist for sinus issues can be tricky. Sometimes, you might just have a cold or minor sinus infection that goes away on its own. But, knowing when it's time to get help can prevent a lot of pain.

It's all about patterns and persistence . If your sinus troubles last more than a couple of weeks, or if they keep coming back, it's time to see a doctor. This is true even if you've tried over-the-counter meds.

Many people think of chronic sinus issues as just allergies or something they have to live with. But, this thinking can lead to more suffering and health problems. Your quality of life is important, and constant nasal congestion shouldn't be normal.

Think about how your sinus problems affect your daily life. Do you always need tissues? Do you have trouble breathing? Do you avoid social events because of your sinuses? If so, it's a sign you need expert help.

Spotting these patterns early can stop problems from getting worse. Many people wait too long to see a specialist, letting their sinus issues get more serious.

How often you get sinus problems matters a lot. If it happens more than four times a year, or if each episode lasts longer, you need to see a doctor.

Remember : You don't have to deal with chronic sinus problems alone. A specialist can find the cause of your nasal congestion and offer treatments that general meds can't. Getting help early can lead to better results and faster relief.

What Does a Sinus Specialist Do That Your Regular Doctor Cannot?

Sinus specialists have special skills and tools that change how we tackle tough nasal problems. While your family doctor is great for general care, sinus issues need more advanced knowledge and tools. These go beyond what's usual in regular medicine.

The big difference is in the training and technology sinus specialists use every day. They offer solutions that work when other treatments don't.

ENT Doctor Specialized Training and Expertise

An ent doctor has extra years of training after medical school. This is all about ear, nose, and throat issues. They learn a lot about sinus anatomy, surgery, and treatment plans.

Most ent doctors spend five years in a residency program for otolaryngology. They do many procedures and get a lot of experience with rare conditions.

Thanks to their deep knowledge, sinus specialists can spot early warning signs. They know how sinus health ties into the rest of the body. This lets them tackle the real causes, not just symptoms.

The specialized training we receive allows us to see patterns and connections that aren't immediately obvious to general practitioners.

Advanced Diagnostic Equipment and Procedures

Sinus specialists use tools that give detailed views of your sinuses. These tools help find problems that regular exams miss.

Key diagnostic advantages include:

Nasal endoscopy for direct visualization of sinus passages
High-resolution CT scans that reveal structural abnormalities
Specialized allergy testing for comprehensive treatment planning
Advanced imaging techniques that map sinus drainage patterns

These advanced tests let specialists make detailed plans for your treatment. They can spot issues like nasal polyps or blockages that need special care.

With their training and tools, sinus specialists can offer treatments not found in regular care. This includes surgery and allergy programs that can really improve your life.

Common Sinus Conditions That Require Specialist Care

Many patients need advanced care for their sinus conditions. These complex issues often involve several factors. They require specialized diagnostic skills and treatment approaches.

Primary care doctors handle many health issues well. But, some sinus problems need the expertise of ENT specialists. These include structural abnormalities, persistent infections, or complex causes.

Chronic Sinusitis and Recurring Infections

Chronic sinusitis is a tough condition to treat. It involves inflammation lasting 12 weeks or more, despite standard treatments. Unlike acute sinusitis, chronic sinusitis causes ongoing symptoms that affect daily life.

Patients often face recurring infections every few months. This creates a cycle of temporary relief followed by symptoms again. The underlying causes often include bacterial biofilms, fungal elements, or immune system responses that general practitioners may struggle to identify and treat effectively.

Chronic sinusitis needs a thorough evaluation to find the root causes. Our specialists use advanced tools to identify specific bacteria, assess immune function, and evaluate structural factors contributing to persistent inflammation.

Nasal Polyps and Structural Abnormalities

Nasal polyps are soft, painless growths in the nasal passages and sinuses. They can block airflow and trap mucus, leading to recurring infections and breathing difficulties. Polyps often indicate underlying inflammation that requires specialized management.

Structural abnormalities in the nasal passages create ongoing problems. These issues often develop over time or result from previous injuries. We evaluate each patient's unique anatomy to develop targeted treatment plans.

Many patients don't realize that structural problems contribute to their symptoms. Proper diagnosis requires specialized imaging and examination techniques that help us identify specific abnormalities affecting sinus function.

Deviated Septum and Breathing Issues

A deviated septum occurs when the wall between nasal passages shifts to one side. This common condition can cause severe breathing difficulties. Many people live with these symptoms unnecessarily , not realizing effective treatments are available.

Breathing issues from septum problems often worsen over time. We evaluate how structural problems affect airflow and sinus drainage. This assessment helps us recommend appropriate treatment options, from conservative management to surgical correction.

These conditions don't have to be permanent sources of discomfort. With proper specialist care, we can provide effective treatment options. These options offer lasting relief and dramatically improve your quality of life. Early specialist intervention often prevents complications and reduces the need for more extensive treatments later.

7 Warning Signs You Need to See a Sinus Specialist

We've found seven key signs that mean you need to see a sinus specialist . These symptoms often start slowly but show your body needs more help than usual treatments can offer.

Many people wait too long to see a specialist. They try many over-the-counter remedies and basic prescriptions for months. Seeing a specialist early can stop your condition from getting worse and help you find relief faster.

Chronic Nasal Congestion Lasting More Than 12 Weeks

Nasal congestion that lasts over three months is not just a temporary problem. It shows there's inflammation or structural issues that need expert care.

Patients often try many decongestants and home remedies without success. This constant congestion can hurt your sleep, focus, and daily life . A sinus specialist can find the cause and create a treatment plan.

Long-term congestion might mean problems like nasal polyps, chronic sinusitis, or structural issues that doctors can't fully diagnose or treat.

Recurring Sinus Infections Every Few Months

Having a sinus infection more than three times a year means there's a bigger problem. Antibiotics might help for a while, but they don't fix the real issue.

We often see people stuck in this cycle. Each infection messes up their work, family life, and health. Recurring infections often come from structural issues, chronic inflammation, or immune system problems that need a specialist's help.

A sinus specialist can end this cycle by finding out why infections keep coming back. They'll create a plan to stop future infections, not just treat symptoms.

Severe Facial Pain and Pressure That Medication Cannot Relieve

Severe facial pain and pressure that doesn't go away with pain relievers means serious sinus problems. This pain often gets worse when you bend forward or lie down.

This pain can really hurt your work, sleep, and daily life . Even prescription pain meds might not help much.

We know how tough this constant pain is. Severe, medicine-resistant pain often means deep sinus inflammation, structural issues, or complications that need advanced care.

Complete Loss of Smell or Taste for Extended Periods

Not being able to smell or taste for weeks or months is very concerning. It shows serious inflammation or structural problems in your nasal passages.

Losing your sense of smell or taste affects more than just your food enjoyment. It can also make you less safe by not being able to smell gas leaks, smoke, or spoiled food . Many people also feel emotionally down because of this.

We treat this symptom quickly because long-term loss can be permanent. Specialized treatment can often bring back these important senses if done soon enough.

Other warning signs include thick nasal discharge, severe headaches that get worse when bending forward, unexplained upper tooth pain, and chronic fatigue from poor sleep. When you have many symptoms together, it's clear you need specialist care .

How a Sinus Specialist Diagnosis Differs from Primary Care

We offer detailed exams that go beyond what your family doctor can do. While your doctor might use basic tools, we use advanced tech to see inside your sinuses.

Our process starts with nasal endoscopy . This lets us see into your nasal passages. It shows issues like deviated septum , polyps, or inflammation that regular doctors can't see.

We also use CT scans to get detailed images of your sinuses. These scans reveal structural problems and blockages. Most primary care offices don't have this technology.

The main difference is depth. We find the cause of your sinus problems, not just treat symptoms.

Comprehensive allergy testing is another tool we use. Many sinus problems come from allergies that regular doctors might miss. We test for specific allergens that could be causing your symptoms.

Here's how our approach compares to primary care:

We take time to understand your medical history and symptoms. This helps us create treatment plans that really work for you.

Our training lets us spot signs that general doctors might miss. We know how sinus conditions and lifestyle factors affect your symptoms.

This leads to a precise diagnosis and effective treatment. We target the exact problem, not just manage symptoms.

Advanced Treatment Options Only Specialists Can Provide

When standard treatments don't work, specialized sinus care offers advanced solutions. We have innovative procedures and programs that tackle the root of your sinus issues. These specialized treatment options are only available from trained sinus specialists. They have the skills and tools for the best results.

Our advanced care combines the latest technology with personalized plans. We choose each treatment based on your condition, symptoms, and lifestyle. This ensures you get the most effective treatment for lasting relief.

Endoscopic Sinus Surgery for Severe Cases

Endoscopic sinus surgery is a breakthrough for severe chronic sinusitis. It uses a thin, flexible tube with a camera for a minimally invasive approach. We can remove blockages and correct structural issues without harming healthy tissue.

This sinus surgery offers faster recovery and less scarring than traditional methods. Most patients can return to normal activities within a week. The precision of endoscopic techniques targets problem areas while preserving healthy tissue.

Balloon Sinuplasty for Less Invasive Relief

Balloon sinuplasty is a great option for those seeking less invasive treatments. It gently opens blocked sinus pathways with a small balloon catheter. We insert the balloon, inflate it to widen the passage, and then remove it to restore drainage.

This gentle sinus surgery option doesn't require cutting or tissue removal. Recovery is faster than traditional surgery, with most patients feeling relief within days. The procedure can often be done in our office under local anesthesia, making it convenient and comfortable.

Comprehensive Allergy Treatment Programs

Our allergy treatment programs target the underlying triggers of chronic sinus problems. We do thorough allergy testing to find specific environmental allergens affecting your sinuses. Based on these results, we create targeted treatment plans that may include immunotherapy options.

Immunotherapy builds your tolerance to specific allergens over time. This treatment reduces the frequency and severity of sinus flare-ups caused by environmental triggers. We also teach you how to minimize allergen exposure in your daily life.

Customized Medication and Therapy Plans

We create personalized medication regimens using treatments not available to general practitioners. These may include specialized nasal sprays , targeted antibiotics, and advanced anti-inflammatory medications. Our approach considers your medical history, symptoms, and treatment preferences.

We also offer additional therapies to complement our medication plans. We guide you on advanced saline irrigation systems and breathing exercises. Our recommendations help create optimal conditions for sinus health in your home and workplace.

Our comprehensive treatment approach ensures you get the best care for your condition. We work closely with you to monitor progress and adjust treatments as needed. This personalized attention helps achieve the best outcomes for your sinus health and quality of life.

What to Expect During Your Sinus Specialist Consultation

Your first visit to a sinus specialist is a big step toward relief. We know medical visits can be tough, but we aim to make it easy and helpful. Our goal is to make you feel comfortable and well-informed.

The visit usually lasts about 45 minutes to an hour. This time lets us really get to know your situation and plan a good treatment. It's a good idea to bring your questions and any past medical records about your sinus issues.

Detailed Medical History and Symptom Assessment

We start by going over your medical history. This helps us understand your sinus problems better and find possible causes.

We'll ask about several important things:

Symptom timeline: When did your problems start, and how have they changed over time?
Trigger identification: What makes your symptoms worse?
Previous treatments: What treatments have you tried, and how did they work?
Daily impact: How do your symptoms affect your daily life?
Family history: Do any family members have similar sinus issues or allergies?

We also talk about your current medications. This helps us avoid any bad interactions and understand what hasn't worked for you.

Physical Examination and Advanced Testing

The physical exam includes special techniques not usually done by your primary doctor. We use tools made for checking the nasal passages and nearby areas.

Our exam covers:

External inspection: We look for signs of swelling, tenderness, or unevenness on your face
Nasal cavity examination: We use a nasal speculum and light to check for inflammation, polyps, or other issues
Throat and neck assessment: We check your throat for signs of post-nasal drip and feel your neck for swollen lymph nodes

Based on what we find, we might suggest more tests. Nasal endoscopy is a key tool for us. It uses a thin, flexible camera to show us what's inside your nasal passages and sinus openings.

The endoscopy is usually easy and quick. We might use a mild decongestant spray to help. This test helps us find blockages, inflammation, or other issues not seen in a regular exam.

We might also talk about:

CT imaging: Gives us detailed pictures of your sinus anatomy and finds blockages
Allergy testing: Helps us see if allergies are part of your problem
Smell and taste testing: Checks if you've lost these important senses

Throughout your visit, we encourage you to ask questions and share your concerns. We want you to feel informed and comfortable with every step.

By the end, we'll know exactly what's going on and can talk about treatment options just for you. Our detailed approach helps us tackle the real causes of your sinus problems, not just the symptoms.

Red Flag Symptoms Requiring Immediate Specialist Attention

Knowing the dangerous signs of sinus problems can save your vision and life. Most sinus issues are easy to handle. But, some warning signs show serious problems that need immediate medical attention .

Here are the critical symptoms that need urgent care:

High fever with severe facial pain - A temperature over 101°F with intense facial pressure
Eye area swelling or bulging - Swelling around your eyes, with one eye bulging forward
Vision changes - Double vision, blurred sight, or sudden vision loss
Severe headaches - Sudden, intense headaches that are different from usual sinus pain
Neck stiffness with confusion - Stiff neck with mental confusion or light sensitivity

Other emergency signs include persistent nosebleeds with severe pain and sudden complete loss of smell or taste after a head injury. These signs often mean your sinus infection has spread to other areas.

Orbital cellulitis and intracranial infections are serious complications from untreated sinus problems. When infections spread, they can harm your eyes, brain, and other important structures.

If you notice any of these symptoms, seek emergency medical care immediately . Don't wait for your regular appointment or try to treat these symptoms at home.

Emergency treatment might include antibiotics, drainage procedures, or endoscopic sinus surgery to avoid permanent damage. Quick action can save your vision and prevent serious complications.

We always suggest calling 911 or visiting your nearest emergency room for these red flag symptoms. Your health and safety are too important to delay treatment.

Conclusion

Living with persistent sinus problems can be really tough. But now, you know when to seek help.

Your sinus specialist can offer more than just basic treatments. They have advanced surgeries and allergy treatment plans. These can solve the real issues behind your pain.

Listen to your body. If you have chronic congestion, keep getting infections, or face severe pain, get help. Don't ignore loss of smell or taste.

Getting better starts with a simple call. Sinus specialists use the latest tools and create plans just for you. They can help with surgeries or allergy treatments.

We think everyone should be able to breathe easily and live without sinus pain. Don't let symptoms hold you back. Book your appointment today and start feeling better.

FAQ

How do I know if I need to see a sinus specialist instead of my regular doctor?

You should see a sinus specialist if you have chronic nasal congestion for over 12 weeks. Also, if you get sinus infections every few months, or if you have severe facial pain that doesn't get better with medicine. Losing your sense of smell and taste is another sign you need a specialist.

What makes an ENT doctor different from my primary care physician for sinus problems?

ENT doctors get special training in ear, nose, and throat issues. They know a lot about sinus problems that regular doctors don't. They use advanced tools like nasal endoscopes and CT scans. They also offer treatments like endoscopic sinus surgery and allergy programs that primary care can't provide.

What conditions require specialized sinus care?

We treat long-lasting sinusitis, recurring infections, nasal polyps, and breathing problems due to structural issues. These complex cases need special skills and treatments because they involve infections, immune system problems, or anatomical issues.

What happens during my first consultation with a sinus specialist?

At your first visit, we'll review your medical history and do a thorough physical exam. We might use a nasal endoscope to look inside your nose. We'll also talk about getting a CT scan to check your sinuses. If allergies are a problem, we'll discuss testing for them.

What advanced treatments can only sinus specialists provide?

We offer surgeries like endoscopic sinus surgery and balloon sinuplasty. We also have allergy treatment programs and special medications like nasal sprays and antibiotics. Our treatments are tailored to your needs and lifestyle.

Are there any red flag symptoms that require immediate specialist attention?

Yes, seek immediate help if you have a high fever with severe facial pain, swelling around your eyes, vision changes, sudden severe headaches, double vision, or persistent nasal bleeding. These signs can mean serious problems like orbital cellulitis or intracranial infections.

How long should I wait before seeing a sinus specialist?

Don't wait if you've had chronic sinusitis for over 12 weeks, get infections every few months, or have symptoms that really bother you. Seeing a specialist early can help prevent your condition from getting worse.

Can a sinus specialist help with my allergies that cause sinus problems?

Yes! We offer allergy treatment programs to help with chronic sinus problems. This includes testing, immunotherapy, and personalized plans to address both your sinus symptoms and their allergic causes.

Is Your Runny Nose Normal? How to Decode Rhinorrhea Symptoms

Fri, 27 Jun 2025 15:07:00 GMT

Everyone associates a runny nose with colds, allergies, or cold weather. But not all nasal discharge is harmless or temporary. Rhinorrhea , the clinical term for persistent nasal drainage or runny nose, can take many forms—thin and transparent, thick and discolored, or constantly changing color and appearance. The cause isn’t always apparent; in some cases, it reflects more than surface-level irritation. Chronic runny nose may indicate structural issues, infections, fluid leaks, or an underlying inflammatory condition that needs attention beyond over-the-counter remedies.

Common and Less Common Triggers

Rhinorrhea can occur for several reasons, and identifying the cause depends heavily on timing, texture, and context. Environmental irritants like smoke or strong odors may trigger rhinorrhea in sensitive individuals. Seasonal allergies, viral infections, and bacterial sinusitis are among the most common culprits. Less frequently, patients may experience rhinorrhea due to medication side effects, anatomical abnormalities, or neurological causes that affect the autonomic control of nasal glands. In rare cases, the fluid may not be mucus but cerebrospinal fluid.

Clues Hidden in the Details

The nature of the discharge can provide important diagnostic clues. Thin, watery drainage that flows more when leaning forward or straining may suggest a cerebrospinal fluid leak rather than typical mucus. Thick, yellow, or green mucus might point toward an infection. In cases involving allergies, the fluid is usually clear and accompanied by sneezing, itching, or congestion. Paying attention to small changes—such as the time of day symptoms worsen or whether one nostril is consistently affected—can help narrow the possibilities. Consider these patterns:

● Clear, one-sided drainage after trauma may signal a CSF leak

● Thick, discolored mucus accompanied by facial pain may suggest a sinus infection

● Watery, bilateral discharge with sneezing and itchy eyes often indicates allergies

● Chronic drainage without other symptoms may involve structural or neurological causes

Diagnostic Approach and Evaluation Methods

Diagnosing the source of rhinorrhea begins with a complete examination of the nose, sinuses, and surrounding structures. Nasal endoscopy allows direct visualization of the nasal passages and can identify polyps, blockages, or abnormal fluid accumulation. Imaging —such as CT or MRI—may be recommended if physical findings point toward structural defects or deeper complications. If a CSF leak is suspected, laboratory testing of the fluid for beta-2 transferrin may be used to confirm it. Identifying the cause is key to determining whether medical therapy, surgical correction, or further monitoring is needed.

Managing Symptoms and Preventing Recurrence

Treatment depends on the underlying diagnosis. Allergic causes respond well to antihistamines or nasal steroids. Infections may require antibiotics or drainage. If symptoms are severe or persistent, structural issues might be addressed surgically. If the discharge is due to CSF leakage, prompt treatment is recommended to reduce the risk of complications. Unexplained or prolonged nasal drainage should never be ignored since it may indicate more than simple irritation. Treating the cause of rhinorrhea rather than the symptoms is critical for long-term relief.

Concerned About Persistent Nasal Drainage?

A comprehensive evaluation may be necessary if nasal discharge continues without a clear cause or if symptoms change over time. Dr. Thomas Higgins provides state-of-the-art testing and effective treatment of persistent rhinorrhea, including specialized diagnostic tools to rule out more serious conditions. Call today to schedule an appointment with Dr. Higgins, a leading sinus specialist practicing in Southern Indiana and Louisville, Kentucky.

Current Treatments for COVID-19 Smell Loss

Mon, 19 May 2025 22:46:48 GMT

COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is known to cause varying degrees of loss of smell. Reduced or loss of sense of smell is referred to as hyposmia or anosmia respectively and is one of the early symptoms of COVID-19. In many cases, the hyposmia or anosmia improves within several weeks. However, there have been cases of extended COVID-19 symptoms in which certain symptoms persist past the acute infection for months to years, including fatigue, brain fog, and loss of smell. Today, we will explore why exactly hyposmia happens with long COVID-19 and some different treatments to recover one’s sense of smell.

Why does COVID-19 cause loss of smell?

COVID-19 infection causes loss of smell when the viral particles invade the supporting cells (sustentacular cells) neurons in the nose that detect smell and decrease their ability to sense odors (Zazhytska et al., 2022). Loss of smell that persists for a long time can be very distressing for people and so here are some ways to treat this detailed below.

Olfactory Training

Olfactory training is used frequently after an infection and has been shown to effectively improve overall smell. It involves a repeated, daily exposure of a combination of essential oils. Often, four essential oils, including rose, lemon, clove, and eucalyptus are sniffed for approximately 3 months (Pires et al., 2022). Within this multicenter clinical trial, olfactory training was given to a sample of 80 patients who ranged from 18-60 years old and were less than 3 months out from the onset of COVID-19 infection. The researchers quantified the sense of smell using the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) graded out of 40 points, with an increase of UPSIT score by 4 points being considered a significant improvement of smell (Pires et al., 2022). The group of individuals were separated into two subgroup which were given either a combination of 4 essential oils or 8 essential oils. Both groups had significant improvement in their sense of smell based on the subjective opinions of the patients themselves as well as based on the increase of 1.5 ± 3.9 in UPSIT score after treatment. There was no significant difference between the group that received 8 essential oils and the group that received 4 essential oils to sniff.

Olfactory training seems to improve the connections between the areas of the brain responsible for the perception of smell and the olfactory bulb to better the overall sense of smell. Overall, olfactory training is a therapy that may help individuals recover their sense of smell caused by COVID-19 infection.

Stellate Ganglion Block

The COVID-19 virus has been known to affect the nervous system as a part of its infectious process. In particular, it affects the autonomic nervous system which plays a role in regulating inflammation and other bodily processes. Therefore, the virus has the ability to cause persistent issues post infection, resulting in long COVID-19 symptoms such as decreased sense of smell. The virus alters the activity the sympathetic nerves of the autonomic nervous system and so these nerves serve as a potential target for therapy to alleviate symptoms caused by long COVID-19. An example of such treatment would be a stellate ganglion block which involves numbing a bundle of sympathetic nerves making up the stellate ganglion and blocks their connections.

The stellate ganglion block procedure involves the ultrasound-guided injection of a local anesthetic, such as ropivacaine or bupivacaine, to the stellate ganglion located anterior to the neck of the first rib (Kalava et al., 2023). A patient can receive a unilateral stellate ganglion block or a bilateral stellate ganglion block. A stellate ganglion block causes Horner’s syndrome where patients will have drooping eyelid, pupil constriction and lack of sweating. Patients usually receive a right-sided stellate ganglion block first and are allowed some time to recover from the Horner’s syndrome that is caused by the administration of the first block. Then, they can receive a left-sided stellate ganglion block.

The stellate ganglion block may improve long COVID-19 related symptoms , including cough, fatigue joint pain, and reduced sense of smell and taste (Pearson et al., 2023). A study of 41 patients demonstrated that 86% experienced a reduction of their long COVID-19 symptoms after the administration of the block. Treatment with solely the stellate ganglion block improved sense of smell and taste in 56% of the 41 patients. With the addition of a trigeminal nerve block alongside the stellate ganglion block, more individuals experienced a positive effect on their sense of smell and taste.

Another study demonstrated that of a group of 6 patients, 5 of them had improvements in their sense of smell and taste post bilateral stellate ganglion block administration (Kalava et al., 2023). Patients who are struggling with a myriad of persistent symptoms post COVID-19 infection can discuss this option with their physician to see if it is a potential treatment that may help with their particular symptoms. However, it should be noted that these studies lacked randomization or placebo control, and thus the evidence is weak for its effectiveness.

Nicotine Patches

The COVID-19 virus infects different parts of the body in various ways. One of those ways involves its spike protein, which has been discovered to bind to several receptors including the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). The nAChrRs are integral for cholinergic neural regulation which is implicated in the modulation of many different functions including learning, memory, attention. Importantly, it modulates the piriform cortex and the olfactory bulb which plays a major role in regulating sense of smell in people.

Since, the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 viral particles binds to the nAChr receptors it can cause neural deficits along with reduced sense of smell. But these receptors can be used as a target for a therapy to displace the spike protein and reduce those side effects caused by the SARS-CoV-2 viral particles. Nicotine is an agonist ligand that has a significantly higher affinity for the nAChr receptors in comparison to acetylcholine indicating it might have the capacity to displace the viral particles and disrupt its mechanism of causing side effects such as loss of smell. It was noted in previous studies that individuals who consumed nicotine had significantly lower proportion of severe, fatal cases of COVID-19 infections further demonstrating the potential of using nicotine as a treatment for long COVID-19 (Miyara et al., 2020).

Nicotine patches are theorized based on this knowledge as a treatment for persistent symptoms post infection. In a case study, four patients who were administration of nicotine patches had improvement in hyposmia as well as other symptoms including fatigue, weakness, shortness of breath, and exercise intolerance (Leitzke, 2023). It was noted that it took a duration of approximately 2 weeks of using nicotine patches to fully restore sense of smell. This study is very small and also lacks randomization or placebo control, so it is difficult to know if this therapy works.

The nicotine is thought to displace the SARS-CoV-2 viral particles from the AChr receptors potentially resulting in a SARS-CoV-2 infection. Since the patient has already encountered the virus before, they could be able to neutralize the infection quickly due to the antibodies they have formed from the first time of infection. Therefore, nicotine patches may also alleviate reduced sense of smell in individuals suffering from hyposmia post COVID-19 infection.

Administration of Theophylline

Theophylline is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor that prevents the degradation of secondary messengers involved in the olfactory signaling pathway and is thought to promote the sense of smell through this mechanism. Since the loss of smell could also be due to the hyperinflammatory state caused by SARS-CoV-2, it is possible theophylline may help recover sense of smell by acting as an anti-inflammatory.

There are ongoing investigations on theophylline in the benefit of recovering sense of smell post viral infection. One study demonstrated that administration of theophylline improved reduced or loss of smell (Henkin et al., 2012). Theophylline can be administered in two different ways either orally or intranasally. In this pilot study, 6 patients with hyposmia were given 200 to 800 mg/d of oral theophylline anhydrous from 2 months to 12 months. With the oral theophylline, there was maximal improvement from 4 to12 months of daily treatment. With the intranasal spray, a group of 8 patients with hyposmia were given 20 μg/d of intranasal theophylline methylpropyl paraben and had maximal improvement by 4 weeks of administration of the spray. Both intranasal spray and oral medications improved sense of smell in both groups of patients in the study but there was more of a profound recovery with the intranasal theophylline spray. Also, patients developed less resistance to theophylline when using the intranasal spray in comparison to the oral theophylline.

This small study demonstrated that theophylline intranasal spray may help patients suffering from hyposmia or anosmia recover their sense of smell potentially. The oral medication was not optimal as it has higher chances of resistance and is not nearly as effective as the intranasal spray.

Combination Therapy

With the rise prolonged loss of smell post COVID-19 viral infection, new therapies have been investigated to see if they could help with alleviating those symptoms. A combination therapy including a regimen of dexamethasone as the corticosteroid, mesoglycan as the glycosaminoglycan based antithrombotic agent, IV multivitamin complex along with an oral IV multivitamin complex, acetazolamide as the diuretic, and omeprazole (Vento et al., 2024).

The researchers carried out a 12-month observational pilot study with a group of 87 people that were experiencing hyposmia post COVID-19 infection. The patients’ sense of smell was quantified with the use of a visual analog scale score (VAS) on a scale between 0 (complete loss of smell) and 10 (complete recovery of sense of smell). The group of 87 people had an average VAS score of 2.21 prior to start of treatment. Patients showed significant improvement in sense of smell for individuals after continuously taking it with the average VAS score improving to a 6.48 at 6 months and 6.99 at 12 months of daily treatment. It was noted that, people who started the therapy within 90 days after infection had the best improvement of function in comparison to when started later (Vento et al., 2024). The overall trend was noted that the sooner the therapy was started post infection the better the results of the treatment for recovering sense of smell. However, this regimen still yielded significant improvement in smell even in individuals with chronic loss of smell.

Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) Treatment

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is plasma derived from one’s own blood and conditioning it to have a high concentration of platelets. PRP is rich in growth factors that promotes regeneration and has anti-inflammatory effects (Maniaci et al., 2024). In the studies evaluated in the comprehensive review, researchers compared the pre-treatment and post-treatment outcomes using both objective and self-reported tests. These tests included Threshold, Discrimination, and Identification (TDI) score, Sniffin’ Sticks test (SST), and self-reported questionnaires (Maniaci et al., 2024). The review investigated 2 prospective, 1 pilot, 2 randomized controlled, and 1 multicenter controlled studies investigating the effects of PRP injection on hearing loss due to long COVID.

Before the PRP injection, anesthesia was administered using a 10% xylocaine spray. The PRP injections were then performed in the office or peri-operatively and were injected into the middle turbinate or nasal septum. The PRP injections ranged from 1-2 mL of PRP. Some individuals received one injection, and others received up to three injections. Overall, across the studies, it was noted that there was a significantly higher improvement of sense of smell post treatment in comparison to control groups. The researchers hypothesized that PRP may stimulate recovery of the olfactory neurons while also regenerating the nasal mucosa contributing to the improvement of sense of smell. So, PRP injections may potentially help individuals recover their sense of smell post COVID-19 infection.

Hyposmia can be extremely stressful to deal with especially when the issue is persisting for so long. So, here are some treatments detailed above that can be explored alongside a medical professional to help determine what could best ameliorate those symptoms and make profound progress in recovering sense of smell.

References

Henkin, R. I., Schultz, M., & Minnick-Poppe, L. (2012) . Intranasal Theophylline Treatment of Hyposmia and Hypogeusia. Archives of Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, 138(11), 1064. https://doi.org/10.1001/2013.jamaoto.342 .

Kalava, A., Benyahia, S. A., Tico Calzada, R., & Staat, C. M. (2023) . Efficacy of Stellate Ganglion Block in Treating Long-Term COVID-19-Related Olfactory and Gustatory Dysfunction: A Case Series. Cureus. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.40929

Leitzke, M. (2023) . Is the post-COVID-19 syndrome a severe impairment of acetylcholine-orchestrated neuromodulation that responds to nicotine administration? Bioelectronic Medicine, 9(1), 2. https://doi.org/10.1186/s42234-023-00104-7

Maniaci, A., Lavalle, S., Masiello, E., Lechien, J. R., Vaira, L., Boscolo-Rizzo, P., Musa, M., Gagliano, C., & Zeppieri, M. (2024) . Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) in the Treatment of Long COVID Olfactory Disorders: A Comprehensive Review. Biomedicines, 12(4), 808. https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12040808

Miyara, M., Tubach, F., Pourcher, V., Morélot-Panzini, C., Pernet, J., Haroche, J., Lebbah, S., Morawiec, E., Gorochov, G., Caumes, E., Hausfater, P., Combes, A., Similowski, T., & Amoura, Z. (2020) . Low rate of daily smokers in patients with symptomatic COVID-19. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.10.20127514

Pearson, L., Maina, A., Compratt, T., Harden, S., Aaroe, A., Copas, W., & Thompson, L. (2023) . Stellate Ganglion Block Relieves Long COVID-19 Symptoms in 86% of Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Cureus. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.45161

Pires, Í. de A. T., Steffens, S. T., Mocelin, A. G., Shibukawa, D. E., Leahy, L., Saito, F. L., Amadeu, N. T., Lopes, N. M. D., Garcia, E. C. D., Albanese, M. L., De Mari, L. F., Ferreira, I. M., Veiga, C. A., Jebahi, Y., Coifman, H., Fornazieri, M. A., & Hamerschmidt, R. (2022) . Intensive Olfactory Training in Post-COVID-19 Patients: A Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial. American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy, 36(6), 780–787. https://doi.org/10.1177/19458924221113124

Vento, M. G., Marinelli, C., Ferrari, L., & Pedrazzi, G. (2024) . Recovery of Smell and Taste in Patients With Persistent COVID-19-Related Hyposmia and Dysgeusia by Targeting Also Inflammation and Endothelial Dysfunction. Cureus. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.54925

Zazhytska, M., Kodra, A., Hoagland, D. A., Frere, J., Fullard, J. F., Shayya, H., McArthur, N. G., Moeller, R., Uhl, S., Omer, A. D., Gottesman, M. E., Firestein, S., Gong, Q., Canoll, P. D., Goldman, J. E., Roussos, P., tenOever, B. R., Jonathan B. Overdevest, & Lomvardas, S. (2022) . Non-cell-autonomous disruption of nuclear architecture as a potential cause of COVID-19-induced anosmia. Cell, 185(6), 1052-1064.e12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2022.01.024

How to Stop a Nosebleed Quickly: Expert Tips | Dr. Higgins

Tue, 25 Mar 2025 14:00:01 GMT

A nosebleed can happen suddenly, leaving you unsure what to do. Today we will explore key facts about nosebleeds and an easy step-by-step guide to stop the bleeding quickly. You can apply these tips to help yourself or a loved one until you see a doctor.

Understanding Nosebleeds

A nosebleed, or epistaxis, refers to blood loss from the delicate tissue lining the nose. Although both nostrils may bleed, typically only one is affected. Nosebleeds are very common, affecting about 60 percent of people at least once in their lifetime. While bleeding from your nose can be alarming or embarrassing, it doesn’t always signal a serious problem. However, nosebleeds that start deeper in the nose or sinuses are more difficult to stop.

Why Is My Nose Bleeding?

Bleeding happens when tiny blood vessels in the nose break. Having a dry nose is the most common cause of this. Other causes include:

Nose injury
Picking your nose or blowing it too hard
Nasal irritation due to dryness, allergies , or sinus problems
Having a foreign object in your nose
Overusing nasal medicines, e.g., decongestants
Medical problems, e.g., nasal polyps or high blood pressure

How to Stop a Nosebleed Quickly Step-by-Step

You can treat most nosebleeds on your own by following these steps or you can check video here :

STEP 1. Sit up and stay calm: Sit upright to keep blood from flowing backward. Remain calm to keep your blood pressure from rising and making the bleeding worse.

STEP 2. Lean slightly forward: This helps keep blood from draining into your throat.

STEP 3. Pinch your nostrils: Using your thumb and index finger, pinch the soft tips of your nostrils together. This shuts them closed and adds pressure.

STEP 4. Add pressure for 5 to 10 minutes: Breathe through your mouth while adding pressure without releasing. Prolonged pressure on your nose works to slow and stop blood flow. Repeat step 4 for 5 to 10 minutes if bleeding continues.

Once the bleeding stops, avoid doing anything that can trigger blood flow. For example, touching or blowing your nose within 48 hours. If bleeding starts again, you may spray both nostrils with a nasal decongestant. Next, repeat step 4.

When to Seek Medical Attention

Call your doctor if:

You experience frequent or heavy nosebleeds
Your nosebleed lasts more than 20 minutes
You hit your nose
You have difficulty breathing
You have a bleeding disorder
You are taking blood thinners

The experts at the American Academy of Otolaryngology (AAO) recommend seeking emergency care if bleeding doesn't stop or you feel lightheaded or weak.

How an ENT Specialist Treats Nosebleeds

Your doctor may advise you to see an ear, nose, and throat (ENT, otolaryngologist) specialist for further tests and treatment. Nosebleed treatments by an ENT specialist include nasal packing, medication, closing the blood vessel, or sinus surgery .

What Happens if You Let a Sinus Infection Go Untreated?

Fri, 21 Feb 2025 15:00:04 GMT

Are you wondering what to do about your sinus infection ? Should you have it treated or try to let it clear up on its own? Knowing what can cause these infections and when to seek care is important.

Leaving a sinus infection or sinusitis alone may not be the best — or safest — option for you. These infections can lead to other problems in some cases if they’re not treated. We’ll explore what might happen if you delay or even skip treatment for sinusitis.

Why Do You Have a Sinus Infection?

First, be aware that you’re not alone. Sinus infections affect about 31 million people in the U.S. That may be some comfort to know that many other people struggle with these infections.

What causes them? When something irritates your sinuses, they can swell up. This means mucus can’t drain from them, triggering inflammation and symptoms, such as pressure and pain.

A few possible causes of these infections include:

Bacteria, such as streptococcus pneumonia
Viruses, such as the flu and common cold
Fungi
Allergies, such as seasonal allergies to pollen or nasal allergies

When Do You Need Treatment?

In some cases, like with a common cold, your symptoms may go away on their own as the virus clears your system. But other cases require treatment to stop complications or other health problems from occurring. You should seek care if:

Your symptoms aren’t going away after a week or more
Your symptoms are getting worse or becoming severe
You keep getting sinus infections
You have a fever
You have greenish or yellowish discharge from your nose
You have any changes in your vision and/or pain in your eyes

What If You Don’t Get Treatment?

If your sinus infection is due to bacteria, you’ll need to take antibiotics to clear it up and lower the risk of complications. If you leave this untreated, the bacteria that cause these infections can spread to your eyes, brain, or other parts of your body — potentially leading to serious health complications.

If you keep getting sinusitis, this is known as chronic sinusitis. There’s usually an underlying cause that keeps triggering inflammation and symptoms. But you’ll need to see a doctor to find out what that is. Possible underlying causes may include:

Allergies
Asthma
Nasal polyps
Deviated septum or other structural abnormalities

Anything that keeps causing swelling in your sinuses can lead to chronic infections. An ENT doctor can determine the cause and recommend or provide treatment as needed, such as removing polyps, treating allergies, or correcting a deviated septum.

Schedule an Appointment for Sinus Infection Treatment Today!

Are you ready to find relief for your symptoms? Don't let an untreated sinus infection put you at risk of serious health problems! ENT physician Dr. Thomas S. Higgins can provide you with the care needed to treat these infections and stop them from recurring. Make an appointment with Dr. Higgins online at one of our locations in Louisville or Jeffersonville.

What Are Nasal Polyps? Causes and Treatment | Louisville KY

Wed, 14 Aug 2024 15:45:00 GMT

Nasal polyps are estimated to affect about 1-4% of the general population , with higher prevalence rates seen among those with chronic respiratory conditions. For instance, around 30% of individuals with chronic sinusitis have nasal polyps. This condition frequently coexists with other inflammatory diseases, such as asthma. Understanding nasal polyps is essential for effective management and treatment.

Causes of Nasal Polyps

Nasal polyps are soft, noncancerous growths that develop on the lining of the nasal passages or sinuses. They can vary in size and may occur individually or in clusters. While they are usually painless, they can lead to various symptoms and complications. The exact cause of nasal polyps is not fully understood, but they are associated with chronic inflammation in the nasal passages. Several conditions can contribute to this inflammation, including:

Allergic Rhinitis : Individuals with allergies may experience chronic nasal inflammation, leading to the development of polyps.
Asthma : People with asthma are at a higher risk for nasal polyps, particularly those with aspirin sensitivity.
Chronic Sinusitis: Persistent sinus infections can result in ongoing inflammation, making nasal polyps more likely to form.
Cystic Fibrosis : This genetic disorder causes thick mucus production, which can lead to nasal polyps in affected individuals.
Certain Infections : Some viral and bacterial chronic infections may also contribute to polyp development.

Symptoms of Nasal Polyps

Nasal polyps can cause a range of symptoms, including:

Nasal congestion or obstruction
Reduced sense of smell or taste
Runny nose (rhinorrhea)
Facial pain or pressure
Headaches
Snoring or sleep disturbances
Postnasal drip

In some cases, larger polyps can cause significant blockages in the nasal passages, leading to breathing difficulties.

How are Nasal Polyps Diagnosed?

Diagnosing nasal polyps typically involves a medical history review and a physical examination. Healthcare providers may use a nasal endoscope, a thin tube with a camera, to visualize the nasal passages and identify the presence of polyps. In some cases, imaging studies like CT scans may be ordered to assess the extent of the condition and rule out other issues.

Treatment Options

Nasal Polyps Treatment aims to reduce their size and alleviate symptoms. Options include:

Medications:

Nasal corticosteroids : These anti-inflammatory sprays can help shrink polyp size and reduce inflammation.
Oral corticosteroids : Short courses of oral steroids may be prescribed for more severe cases.
Antihistamines : If allergies are contributing to inflammation, antihistamines may be recommended.

Surgery:

If medications do not provide relief, surgical options may be considered. Endoscopic sinus surgery can remove larger polyps and improve drainage in the sinuses.

Management of Underlying Conditions:

Addressing underlying issues like allergies or asthma is crucial in preventing recurrence.

Prevention Strategies

While it may not be possible to prevent nasal polyps entirely, managing contributing factors can help reduce their likelihood:

Control allergies with antihistamines or allergy shots.
Avoid irritants such as smoke and strong odors.
Maintain good sinus health through saline nasal rinses.
Seek treatment for chronic sinusitis or asthma.

When to See a Doctor

Consult an ear, nose and throat professional if you experience persistent nasal congestion, facial pain, loss of smell, or any other concerning symptoms for an evaluation and appropriate management.

If you have been dealing with nasal polyps lately, it might be time to book an appointment with a sinus specialist like Dr. Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH to make sure that you get the proper treatment. Dr. Higgins is a fellowship-trained sinus surgeon and rhinologist who runs the premier sinus clinic in Louisville, Kentucky. You can call him at 502-894-8441 or contact him online !

Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH

Father. Husband. Sinusitis Nerd.

How Will My Surgeon Fix My Chronic Infected Sinuses?

Fri, 07 Jun 2024 14:00:02 GMT

Wondering how surgeons tackle chronic infected sinuses? From endoscopic sinus surgery to balloon sinuplasty, they have a range of techniques to alleviate symptoms and improve sinus health. Curious about the process? Let's delve into how these skilled professionals work their magic to bring relief and better breathing!

Understanding Chronic Sinus Infections?

Chronic sinus infections, also known as chronic rhinosinusitis, occur when the cavities around the nasal passages become inflamed and swollen for a prolonged period. Symptoms include nasal congestion , facial pain or pressure, headaches, reduced sense of smell, and post-nasal drip. These infections can lead to fatigue, difficulty concentrating, and a decrease in productivity. Understanding the underlying causes of chronic sinus infections is crucial in effectively managing the condition.

How Surgeons Fix Chronic Infected Sinuses

When addressing chronic infected sinuses, surgeons may employ various techniques to alleviate symptoms and improve sinus health. Here are some key points to consider regarding how surgeons fix chronic infected sinuses:

Diagnosis

Before recommending surgery, the surgeon will conduct a thorough evaluation of your sinus condition. In diagnosing chronic sinus infections, surgeons may recommend diagnostic tests and imaging studies to confirm the presence of the condition. Tests such as nasal endoscopy, allergy testing, and CT scans can help identify underlying causes like nasal polyps , structural abnormalities, or sinus blockages. These diagnostic tools provide valuable insights into the extent of inflammation and infection, guiding healthcare professionals in developing personalized treatment plans for patients struggling with chronic sinus issues.

Medical Management

Initially, doctors may try with conservative treatments to alleviate symptoms and address the underlying causes. These initial approaches may include the use of antibiotics to target bacterial infections, nasal corticosteroids to reduce inflammation, saline nasal irrigation to clear nasal passages, and allergy management to control allergic triggers. If these conservative measures do not effectively resolve chronic sinus infections or if there are structural issues contributing to the condition, surgery may be recommended as a potential treatment option to address the root causes and improve sinus health.

Surgical Options

When conservative treatments have been ineffective in managing symptoms and addressing the underlying causes, surgeons may recommend surgical options. Additionally, surgical intervention may be considered in the following situations:

Persistent Symptoms: If chronic sinus infections persist despite appropriate medical management, surgery may be recommended to alleviate symptoms and improve quality of life.
Structural Abnormalities: Structural issues like nasal polyps , deviated septum, or sinus blockages that contribute to chronic infections may require surgical correction to restore normal sinus function.
Recurrent Infections: Individuals experiencing recurrent sinus infections that significantly impact daily life may benefit from surgical procedures to reduce the frequency and severity of infections.
Complications : In cases where chronic sinus infections lead to complications such as sinus abscesses, vision problems, or spread of infection to nearby structures, surgery may be necessary to prevent further health issues.

What are the Different Surgical Options for Chronic Sinus Infections?

Here are some common surgical procedures that a surgeon may consider to help fix chronic infected sinuses:

Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: This minimally invasive procedure is often the preferred method for treating chronic sinusitis. The surgeon uses an endoscope, a thin tube with a camera on the end, to visualize the sinuses and remove blockages, polyps, or damaged tissue that may be causing the infection.
Balloon Sinuplasty : In this procedure, a small balloon is inserted into the sinus cavity and inflated to widen the blocked passageways. This helps to improve drainage and ventilation in the sinuses, reducing the risk of infection.
Septoplasty: If a deviated septum is contributing to chronic sinus infections, a surgeon may recommend septoplasty to straighten the nasal septum. This can help improve airflow and drainage in the sinuses, reducing the likelihood of infections.
Turbinate Reduction: Enlarged turbinates can obstruct the nasal passages and contribute to chronic sinus issues. Turbinate reduction surgery aims to reduce the size of the turbinates, improving airflow and reducing congestion.
Ethmoidectomy : In cases where the ethmoid sinuses are affected by chronic infections or inflammation, an ethmoidectomy may be performed to remove diseased tissue and improve drainage in the sinuses.
Frontal Sinus Surgery : If chronic infections are specifically affecting the frontal sinuses, a surgeon may recommend surgery to address blockages and promote better drainage.
Sphenoid Sinus Surgery: Surgery on the sphenoid sinuses may be necessary in cases where chronic infections or structural issues are causing symptoms.

The Importance of Following Post-Operative Care Instructions After Surgery

Following post-operative care instructions after sinus surgery is important to ensure optimal healing and successful outcomes. These instructions play a crucial role in promoting healing by reducing inflammation, preventing infections, and aiding in tissue recovery. Moreover, adhering to post-operative guidelines minimizes the risk of complications such as infections or excessive bleeding and optimizes the results of sinus surgery, leading to improved sinus function and symptom relief.

Proper post-operative care helps prevent the recurrence of chronic sinus infections, supports long-term sinus health, and facilitates a faster recovery process, enabling individuals to resume their daily activities sooner with reduced discomfort and complications. Additionally, post-operative care allows healthcare providers to educate patients on self-care practices, medication management, warning signs of complications, and the importance of seeking medical attention when necessary, empowering individuals to actively participate in their recovery journey.

If you're dealing with chronic sinusitis and need expert advice, schedule an appointment with fellowship-trained rhinologist, Dr. Thomas Higgins, MD, MSPH, MBA . With locations in Louisville, KY, and Jeffersonville, IN, Dr. Higgins specializes in treating sinus conditions and can help you find the best treatment plan tailored to your needs. Don't let chronic sinus infections control your life; get professional help today by visiting our appointment page .

How to Get Rid of a Headache: Sinus vs Tension | Dr. Higgins

Fri, 10 May 2024 12:00:01 GMT

Headaches are a common ailment that can disrupt our daily routines and cause discomfort. Whether it's a tension headache from stress or a migraine triggering intense pain, finding relief is essential. Read on to learn more about headaches and some effective strategies to help you get rid of it.

Understanding Headaches

Headaches can vary in type and intensity, with some of the most common types being tension headaches, migraines, cluster headaches, and sinus headaches.

Tension Headaches : Often described as a dull, aching pain that can affect both sides of the head. These headaches are commonly associated with stress, poor posture, or muscle tension.
Migraines : Characterized by intense throbbing or pulsing pain, usually on one side of the head. Migraines can be accompanied by nausea, sensitivity to light and sound, and visual disturbances. Common triggers include hormonal changes, certain foods, stress, and sensory stimuli.
Cluster Headaches : These are excruciating headaches that occur in cyclical patterns or clusters. They typically cause severe pain around one eye or on one side of the head. Cluster headaches often come on suddenly and are known to be triggered by alcohol consumption, smoking, or certain medications.
Sinus headaches : Sinus headaches are characterized by pain and pressure in the face, particularly around the forehead, cheeks, and eyes. These headaches are often associated with sinus inflammation or congestion.

Understanding the types of headaches and their common causes and triggers can help individuals better manage and prevent headache episodes effectively.

Lifestyle Changes for Headache Relief

Making certain lifestyle changes can significantly contribute to alleviating and preventing headaches. Here are some key modifications that can help in headache relief:

Hydration : Ensuring adequate hydration by drinking enough water throughout the day can prevent dehydration-induced headaches .
Regular Meals : Maintaining consistent meal times with balanced nutrition helps stabilize blood sugar levels, reducing the likelihood of headaches.
Stress Management : Practicing stress-reducing activities like deep breathing, meditation, or yoga can alleviate tension headaches caused by stress.
Quality Sleep : Prioritizing good sleep hygiene, including a regular sleep schedule and creating a relaxing bedtime routine, can help reduce headaches triggered by poor sleep quality.

By incorporating these lifestyle changes into daily routines, individuals can proactively manage headaches and improve their overall well-being.

Home Remedies for Headaches

Home remedies can offer effective relief for headaches without the need for medication. Here are some simple yet beneficial home remedies to consider:

Cold Compress : Applying a cold compress or ice pack to the forehead or neck can help constrict blood vessels and reduce headache pain.
Warm Compress : Alternatively, a warm compress or heating pad applied to the neck or shoulders can help relax tense muscles and alleviate headaches.
Essential Oils : Aromatherapy using essential oils like lavender, peppermint, or eucalyptus can provide calming effects and help relieve headache symptoms.
Herbal Teas : Herbal teas such as ginger, chamomile, or peppermint can have soothing properties that may help alleviate headaches.
Scalp Massage : Gently massaging the scalp, temples, or neck can promote relaxation and relieve tension that contributes to headaches.
Hydration : Drinking a glass of water or herbal tea can help rehydrate the body and potentially alleviate headaches caused by dehydration.

These home remedies are easy to implement and can be effective in providing relief from various types of headaches.

Over-the-Counter Medications

Over-the-counter (OTC) medications are commonly used for headache relief, including sinus headaches. Here is a summary:

Pain Relievers : OTC pain medications like acetaminophen, ibuprofen, and aspirin can help alleviate headache pain. They work by reducing inflammation and blocking pain signals.
Decongestants : For sinus headaches caused by congestion, OTC decongestants like pseudoephedrine can help reduce nasal swelling and pressure in the sinuses.
Antihistamines : In cases where sinus headaches are triggered by allergies , OTC antihistamines like loratadine or cetirizine can help relieve allergy symptoms and associated headaches.
Combination Medications : Some OTC medications combine pain relievers with decongestants to address both headache pain and sinus congestion in one dose.

It's important to follow the recommended dosage instructions and consult a specialist if headaches persist or worsen despite OTC medication use.

Seeking Professional Help

Seeking professional help for headaches is essential in certain situations:

Severe or Persistent Headaches : If headaches are severe, frequent, or persistent, it's important to consult a specialist to rule out underlying health conditions.
New or Worsening Symptoms : Any sudden onset of severe headaches, headaches accompanied by neurological symptoms like dizziness or vision changes, or headaches that worsen over time should prompt a medical evaluation.
Impact on Daily Life : Headaches that significantly interfere with daily activities, work, or quality of life warrant a visit to a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and management.
Changes in Headache Patterns : If there are notable changes in the frequency, intensity, or duration of headaches, a healthcare provider can assess these changes and recommend appropriate treatment.

By seeking professional help, individuals can receive a comprehensive evaluation, proper diagnosis, and personalized treatment plan to effectively manage their headaches and improve overall quality of life.

Feel free to schedule an appointment with Dr. Thomas Higgins, MD, MSPH, in Louisville, KY, or Jeffersonville, IN, for any inquiries regarding headaches. His commitment is to provide you with effective relief and personalized care.

Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH

Father. Husband. Sinusitis Nerd.

Is a Sinusitis Infection Contagious?

Mon, 18 Mar 2024 11:30:03 GMT

Sinus infections (sinusitis) are common and may occur as a primary infection or due to an underlying condition. When a “sinus infection affects someone,” the common question coming from their friends and family is: "Is sinusitis contagious?” It depends on how your infection started.

Keep reading to find out the details.

What Is a Sinusitis Infection?

Sinusitis is a common respiratory disease that affects the sinuses. The sinuses are air-filled spaces in your face and head that help to drain mucus from your nose. They also help to warm, moisten, and filter air before it goes into your lungs. The infection occurs when the tissue lining the sinuses becomes inflamed, causing pain, pressure, and headaches. Bacteria, viruses, fungi, allergies, and conditionals like nasal polyps can cause sinusitis.

Symptoms of Sinusitis Infection

The most common symptoms of a sinus infection include:

● Nasal inflammation

● Headache

● Colored discharge

● Blocked or stuffy nose

● Pain and swelling around the nose and forehead

● Sore throat

The symptoms change based on the level of infection, and a chronic sinusitis infection is one that lasts over 12 weeks .

Is a Sinus Infection Contagious?

The answer to this question is yes—a sinus infection is contagious, whether it’s a viral cold, bacterial sinusitis, or fungal sinusitis. When your sinuses are blocked by mucus, bacteria can build up and cause an infection. However, sinusitis is not always from an infection. Sometimes swelling occurs in the sinuses, just as it occurs in asthma, which can lead to nasal polyps or chronic sinusitis. These inflammatory conditions are not contagious.

How are Sinus Infections Transmitted?

Sinusitis , when caused by a microbe, can be passed on by coughing, sneezing, or touching an infected person. If you have a sinus infection, then you may spread the virus or bacteria to others through body fluids such as saliva or mucus. Other ways sinusitis spreads include sharing cups and utensils and touching surfaces where someone with sinusitis has coughed or sneezed. Sinus infections can be transmitted through various means, with some causes being contagious and others not. Non-contagious causes of sinusitis include factors like a narrow nasal passageways or inflammation.

How to Prevent the Spread of Sinus Infection?

Here are some tips to help prevent the spread of sinusitis:

● Wash your hands frequently with soap and water for 20 seconds, especially after coughing or sneezing.

● Avoid touching your face with unwashed hands as much as possible.

● Make sure you cover your mouth and nose when you sneeze.

When Should You See a Doctor for a Sinus Infection?

You should seek a doctor's advice when symptoms become severe and you have had the symptoms for more than ten days. If you develop symptoms like severe headaches or a fever that lasts for more than three days , it is time to seek medical care.

How Can a Sinus Specialist Help Treat Sinus Infections?

A sinus specialist can help relieve your sinus infections with advanced treatment of sinus infections. Rhinologists are skilled in identifying and addressing the root causes of sinus infections, offering both symptom relief and long-term solutions. By thoroughly evaluating your condition, they can provide personalized treatment options to alleviate your symptoms and prevent future infections. Additionally, a sinus specialist can determine if you are contagious and provide guidance on containing the infection. They can also recommend when sinus surgery could be helpful to treat your recurrent or chronic sinus infections.

If you are looking for an experienced doctor to help you with chronic sinus infections, contact the sinus specialist Dr. Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH . Dr. Higgins is an experienced ENT surgeon who will perform a complete assessment of your problems and develop an effective plan to help you breathe better. Call 502-894-8441 or click here to book an appointment.

Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH

Father. Husband. Sinusitis Nerd.

FAQs About Sinus Infections and Contagiousness

Is It Better to Take an Oral Decongestant or a Spray for Sinusitis?

thomas.h@clinicianbox.com (Thomas Higgins) — Sat, 10 Feb 2024 23:00:47 GMT

When trying to find relief for nasal congestion related to sinusitis, two main types of decongestants are available: oral and nasal spray. But which one is better for you?

Sinusitis is a common condition that affects many people, causing symptoms like nasal congestion, pressure in the sinuses, and a runny nose. Nasal congestion can be a particularly bothersome symptom. Read on for a detailed comparison for the two types of decongestants.

Oral Decongestants

Oral decongestants usually come in pill or liquid form and are designed to reduce swelling in the nasal passages, thereby relieving congestion. They work by constricting blood vessels throughout the body, which includes those in the nasal passages.

However, because they affect the entire body, oral decongestants can have more systemic side effects. These can include high blood pressure, insomnia, irritability, and other symptoms. People with certain health conditions, such as heart disease or hypertension, should be particularly cautious. For more on the side effects of oral decongestants , the Mayo Clinic offers valuable insights.

Nasal Spray Decongestants

Nasal spray decongestants provide quick relief by shrinking the blood vessels directly in the nasal passages. This localized approach tends to limit the side effects to the area of application, which can be a significant advantage.

However, using a nasal decongestant spray for more than three consecutive days can lead to rebound congestion, when nasal passages become more swollen than before after the medication wears off. This condition is known as rhinitis medicamentosa and can be quite uncomfortable. It's important to understand the risks of topical nasal decongestant sprays before deciding to use them.

So, Which Is Better?

The choice between an oral decongestant and a nasal spray depends on your specific symptoms, medical history, and preferences. If you're dealing with high blood pressure or can't tolerate the systemic effects of oral decongestants, a nasal spray might be the better option – as long as it's used correctly and for a short period. It is my experience that the nasal spray decongestant has a much more pronounced effect on opening the nasal passages.

If you have chronic sinusitis or recurring issues, it might be time to consider other treatment options, such as sinus surgery , especially if medication isn't providing the relief you need.

Need Professional Advice?

If you're dealing with chronic sinusitis and need expert advice, schedule an appointment with fellowship-trained rhinologist, Dr. Thomas Higgins, MD, MSPH, MBA. With locations in Louisville, KY, and Jeffersonville, IN, Dr. Higgins specializes in treating sinus conditions and can help you find the best treatment plan tailored to your needs. Don't let sinusitis control your life; get professional help today by visiting our appointment page .

What Causes Nasal Congestion? Expert Insights | Dr. Higgins

thomas.h@clinicianbox.com (Thomas Higgins) — Sun, 28 Jan 2024 03:10:38 GMT

Nasal congestion is a common complaint among people of all ages and can significantly impact quality of life. The symptom can stem from a several causes, including anatomic and inflammatory issues of different areas of the nose. Here, I will discuss more about nasal congestion and how it's treated.

A common anatomical cause of nasal congestion is a problem with the nasal valve , which is the narrowest part of the nasal airway and critical for proper airflow. When the nasal valve is compromised, either due to structural abnormalities or inflammation, it can lead to a blockage of the nose. For those suffering from nasal valve issues, a nasal valve treatment might be recommended.

Another anatomical contributor to nasal congestion is the septum , the wall between the two nasal passages. A deviated septum, where the septum is displaced to one side, can obstruct airflow and cause chronic congestion. In cases where a deviated septum is the primary cause of breathing impairment, septoplasty may be performed to straighten the septum and alleviate symptoms.

The inferior turbinates are structures located inside the nose that help humidify and filter the air we breathe. When they become enlarged — a condition known as inferior turbinate hypertrophy — they can significantly reduce nasal airflow and lead to congestion. This enlargement can be due to allergies, irritants, or even hormonal changes.

Additionally, the adenoids , which are lymphatic tissue in the back of the nasal cavity, can become swollen due to infection or allergies, blocking airflow through the nasopharynx. While more common in children, enlarged adenoids can affect adults and contribute to nasal obstruction.

Inflammation within the nose can also cause nasal congestion, often associated with conditions such as allergies or sinusitis. Inflammatory issues can lead to the growth of nasal polyps , benign swellings that arise from the mucous membranes and can obstruct nasal passages.

Nasal masses, or sinonasal neoplasms, though less common, are a serious cause of nasal congestion to consider. These growths can be benign or malignant and may require specialized care from a team experienced in skull base surgery .

Nasal congestion can arise from several areas of the nose. Identifying the underlying issue helps one in choosing an appropriate treatment plan. Whether it's structural anomalies like a deviated septum or inflammatory conditions such as allergies leading to turbinate hypertrophy or nasal polyps, understanding the root cause is an important step toward relief. If you're experiencing persistent nasal congestion, consulting Dr. Thomas Higgins, a rhinologist dedicated to sinus relief so you can take the most effective course of action for your nasal congestion.

Thomas Higgins, MD, MSPH, MBA

Husband. Dad. Sinus Nerd.

How to Get Rid of a Sinus Headache: Insights from a Sinus Doctor

thomas.h@clinicianbox.com (Thomas Higgins) — Sun, 24 Dec 2023 21:48:15 GMT

Learn about sinus headaches from a sinus doctor (rhinologist). Dr. Thomas Higgins sheds light on the common confusion between sinus headaches and sinusitis and how he guides patients through the often-misunderstood journey of pinpointing the true source of their pain and navigating towards effective relief.

As someone who constantly sees patients struggling with headaches attributed to sinus issues, I've noticed a concerning trend: many people self-diagnose their condition without understanding the underlying causes, which leads to ineffective relief. Many people don't recognize that not all sinus headaches are the result of sinusitis. Many conditions can mimic sinus headache symptoms, and getting the right diagnosis is the first step in finding relief.

Diagnosing the Right Condition

When patients come to me with a headache they believe is sinus-related, it’s my job to conduct a thorough examination. This involves a detailed history, physical examination, nasal endoscopy, and sometimes imaging such as a CT scan or MRI if needed. It's important to consider that diagnoses may overlap, making the situation more intricate. Here is an overview of some common sinus headache causes and how they are treated.

Common Sinus Headache Causes and Treatments

Mucoceles in the Sinuses

Diagnosis: A mucocele is a mucus-filled cyst that can block the sinuses, leading to pressure and pain that causes a sinus headache. People who have had prior head trauma are particularly at risk for sinus mucoceles.

Treatment: Treatment typically involves surgery to remove the blockage and restore normal sinus drainage. Endoscopic sinus surgery can often completely resolve sinus headaches from sinus mucoceles.

Sinus Tumors

Diagnosis: Although rare, benign or malignant sinonasal tumors can cause symptoms similar to sinus infections. Sinus neoplasms can erode the bone of the sinuses or causes severe sinus pressure and lead to sinus headaches.

Treatment: The approach here could range from monitoring to surgical removal, depending on the type and growth rate of the tumor. Typically, surgery to obtain a biopsy is important for determining the type of sinus tumor is present.

Sinus Infections (Sinusitis)

Diagnosis: True sinus infections are characterized by purulent nasal discharge, obstruction, facial pain/pressure, and reduced sense of smell. Sinus headaches associated with these symptoms are likely to be sinus infections. Interestingly, sinus headaches without other symptoms may not be sinus infections or sinusitis at all.

Treatment: Antibiotics are prescribed for acute bacterial sinusitis, along with decongestants and saline rinses. Sinusitis caused by inflammation may be treated with nasal steroid sprays or oral corticosteroids. Fungal sinusitis may be treated with corticosteroids, antifungal medications, or surgery, depending on the type. Patient with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) often require a combination of nasal polypectomy , sinus surgery and medications that reduce inflammation.

Allergies

Diagnosis: Allergic rhinitis can cause sinus headache-like symptoms due to inflammation from allergen exposure.

Treatment: Avoiding allergens, using antihistamines, nasal corticosteroid sprays, and considering immunotherapy are effective strategies.

Migraines

Diagnosis: Migraines often present with unilateral throbbing pain and sensitivity to light or sound. Other symptoms may include nausea, vertigo (vestibular migraine), eye pain (ocular migraine), and daily persistent headaches. Many people attribute sinus headaches from migraines to sinusitis, but it is often not the case. A professional workup is important to distinguish migraines from sinusitis so that timely, effective therapy can be initiated.

Treatment: The treatment of migraines encompasses both acute and preventive strategies. Acute migraine treatments are aimed at relieving migraine symptoms during an attack and may include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), triptans--which are specific migraine-relieving medications--and antiemetics for associated nausea. For those with vestibular migraines, which are characterized by dizziness and balance disturbances along with or in place of the usual headache, additional medications like antihistamines or anticholinergics may be used to address the vertigo component. Preventive migraine treatments are used to reduce the frequency, severity, and duration of migraine episodes. These can involve beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, antidepressants, or antiepileptic drugs. Additionally, monoclonal antibodies targeting CGRP (calcitonin gene-related peptide) have emerged as a newer class of preventive medication specifically for chronic migraine sufferers. Lifestyle modifications, such as maintaining a consistent sleep schedule, staying hydrated, avoiding known dietary triggers, and stress management techniques, are also important aspects of an overall treatment plan.

Tension Headaches

Diagnosis: Tension headaches, often characterized by a dull, aching pain that envelops the head like a tight band, can sometimes be mistaken for sinus headaches due to the overlap in symptomatology. People with sinus headaches typically report pressure or pain in the forehead, cheekbones, and bridge of the nose, areas which can also be affected by tension headaches. This confusion is compounded by the fact that both conditions can present with ancillary symptoms such as a feeling of pressure in the head and fatigue. However, true sinus headaches are usually related to an underlying sinus infection and are accompanied by nasal congestion, thick nasal discharge, fever, and a sense of fullness in the ears. Tension headaches, on the other hand, lack these respiratory symptoms and are more often associated with stress, muscle strain, or postural changes affecting the neck and scalp muscles. If you have neck tightness, neck pain (cervicalgia), or have had a history of neck-related surgery or issues, you should consider tension headaches as a cause of your symptoms.

Treatment: The treatment for tension headaches primarily focuses on pain relief and prevention. Over-the-counter analgesics such as ibuprofen, acetaminophen, or aspirin are commonly used to alleviate the pain of a tension headache. Additionally, non-pharmacological methods such as applying heat or ice to tense muscles, engaging in relaxation techniques like deep breathing or meditation, and improving posture can be effective in both treating and preventing these headaches. For those experiencing chronic tension headaches, healthcare providers might suggest preventive medications, such as tricyclic antidepressants or other muscle relaxants. It's also beneficial to identify and manage potential triggers such as stress, dehydration, or lack of sleep. Regular physical activity and physical therapy may also be recommended to improve muscle strength and flexibility, which can help reduce the frequency and severity of tension headaches over time.

Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD)-Related Facial Pain and Headache

Diagnosis: TMD can cause pain that radiates to the sinuses. Temporomandibular Dysfunction (TMD) is a collective term for a range of disorders affecting the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), the muscles of mastication, and the surrounding tissues. This condition can manifest as a primary cause of headaches and facial pain due to the complex interplay between the jaw muscles, the TMJ, and nearby nerves. Patients with TMD may experience tension-type headaches, often described as a tight band around the head, resulting from prolonged muscle contraction and strain. Moreover, the proximity of the TMJ to the trigeminal nerve, a major pain pathway, can lead to referred pain in the face, ears, and teeth. The discomfort may be exacerbated by jaw movements such as chewing, speaking, or yawning, and can be associated with other symptoms such as jaw clicking, limited jaw movement, and even changes in occlusion or how the teeth fit together. The multifactorial nature of TMD often requires a comprehensive approach for management, targeting both the alleviation of pain and the underlying causes of the dysfunction.

Treatment: Approaches to treating TMD may involve dental interventions, physical therapy, or pain relievers. The management is multifaceted and tailored to the individual's specific symptoms and underlying causes. Treatment often begins conservatively with the application of moist heat or cold packs to alleviate joint pain and muscle soreness, alongside the use of over-the-counter anti-inflammatory medications or muscle relaxants. Dental interventions may include the use of occlusal appliances, such as mouth guards or splints, to reduce bruxism and promote jaw alignment. Physiotherapy techniques, including exercises to improve jaw mobility and strengthen jaw muscles, can also be beneficial. In some cases, stress reduction strategies and behavioral therapy are recommended to address contributing factors such as teeth clenching and grinding. More invasive treatments, like corticosteroid injections, Botox injections, or surgery, may be considered only when conservative measures fail and are warranted by the severity of the condition. A multidisciplinary approach involving dentists, physical therapists, otolaryngologists, and sometimes psychologists is often necessary to effectively manage TMD and its complications.

Other Headache Syndromes

There are numerous other headache syndromes, each with its own diagnostic criteria and treatments. These can range from cluster headaches to more rare entities like paroxysmal hemicranias.

Final Thoughts

If you're suffering from what you think is a sinus headache, you should be evaluated by a specialist that can get you on the road to relief. Self-treatment without proper diagnosis can lead to ineffective care or even worsening of your condition. An accurate diagnosis is key to developing an effective treatment plan tailored to your specific needs.

Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH, MBA

Husband. Dad. Sinus Nerd.

When to See a Rhinologist | A Sinus ENT Specialist

Fri, 22 Dec 2023 14:00:09 GMT

A rhinologist is a board-certified surgeon who has expertise in the field of rhinology. In simpler terms, a rhinologist refers to an otolaryngologist, also known as an ear, nose, and throat specialist, who has undergone fellowship training in treating and performing surgeries on the nose, sinus, and skull-base. A rhinologist is also referred to as a sinus doctor or nose doctor.

The road to becoming a rhinologist is a lengthy one. After acquiring a bachelor's degree, the graduate must complete medical school training and otolaryngology residency, obtain a valid medical license, and gain certification in a specific field of specialization called Rhinology and Skull Base Surgery.

A rhinologist must be approved for the sixth year of highly specialized training beyond that required of a typical ENT doctor to earn this distinction. Diagnosing and treating illnesses of paranasal sinuses, the nose, as well as skull base and orbit are the focus of this specialization.

If you want to understand your treatment options, you can read more about our services for nasal polyps , chronic rhinitis , and sinus surgery .

Top Indicators That It's Time to See a Rhinologist

Ever since the dawn of civilization, the role of the paranasal sinuses and treatment options for sinus infections have fascinated mankind. Very little was understood about the function of the sinuses and the causes of nasal-related problems. Due to the lack of information, self-diagnosis and self-treatment were widespread. The available treatments included everything from aromatherapy to cold baths to cautery and tooth extraction. Sinusitis complications were found to cause meningitis and even death. Surgical techniques were highly risky and involved blindly chiseling into the sinus bone or making large facial incisions that scarred people for life.

Advances in surgical and clinical techniques and the invention of operational endoscopes, as well as computer-aided systems, have revolutionized the sinus surgery industry entirely. For instance, endoscopy involves using a plastic tube with a camera attached to it to precisely treat and diagnose sinus-related conditions in a procedure called nasal endoscopy. The tube is manipulated through tiny physiological body holes through a minimally invasive procedure, which is a safer method for diagnosing and treating such conditions. Endoscopic sinus surgery is now performed as an outpatient surgery to functionally improve the sinus drainage pathways and rid the sinuses of nasal polyps and infection.

Therefore, you can ensure that these specialists will thoroughly evaluate your symptoms before offering a treatment plan. Rhinologists are professionals in performing functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) and treating patients surgically and medically based on the extent of the specific sinonasal ailment. Below are some of the most common symptoms to consider if you should go for a consultation with an expert rhinologist.

Chronic or Recurrent Sinus Pain

When exposed to high amounts of allergens, dust build-up, or your nasal passage dries out due to excessive exposure to heat or air conditioning, it is possible for your sinus lining to become enlarged, irritated and painful. This enlargement obstructs the normal drainage of mucus, making your nose stuffy. If such symptoms last for several months or is not cleared by typical antibiotic treatment, it is time to consult a rhinologist. Sinus pain may affect your ears, nose, face, and upper teeth.

Sinus infection, also referred to as sinusitis, is a cold-like illness that makes the sinuses swollen or inflamed. "Recurrent sinus infections" are classified as at least four sinus infections annually. The paranasal sinuses are empty spaces in the bones surrounding our nose, cheekbones, and bones behind our forehead, eyebrows, and the nose at the front of our brain. These vacuum areas are linked to the nose via a few channels. Once the sinus lining swells due to infections, it blocks the sinus openings, resulting in sinusitis, a disease where these cavities get clogged.

Note that sinusitis can be chronic or acute, and its effects can be frustrating. Long-term sinusitis, often called "chronic sinusitis," is a series of sinus problems that don't react to medication/treatments or symptoms that persist for more than three months.

Some common symptoms of sinusitis include:

Nasal congestion
Altered sense of taste or smell
Discolored nasal discharge
Postnasal drip
Swelling and redness of the nasal lining
Coughing

Allergy and sinusitis symptoms might be difficult to distinguish. Nose allergies tend to result in increased sneezing, itching, and watery eyes and nose, which are symptoms of "rhinitis," which solely involves swollen nasal passages. Another term associated with chronic sinus conditions is asthma. As these two illnesses can exacerbate one another, it is crucial to treat them both aggressively.

Diagnosis and Treatment

An evaluation of the sinuses, nose, and throat is necessary to diagnose a sinus infection. An endoscopy is gently placed in the nose to find the sinus infection and identify if the patient has anatomy that increases their risk for sinus infections. A CT scan (image) of the sinuses may be performed if a sinus infection is severe or persists for a long time.

The results of these tests will help the rhinologist determine the type of illness and the appropriate medication to administer to the patient. For instance, your otolaryngologist may recommend antibiotics if bacteria caused the condition. Your doctor could recommend taking an anti-inflammatory drug like topical nasal corticosteroids if you have nasal polyps or chronic rhinitis. Other treatment options include:

Balloon sinus dilation or functional endoscopic sinus surgery
Antihistamines
Oral corticosteroids

Sinus surgery requires expert surgical techniques. A rhinologist is trained to perform revision sinus surgery to correct issues caused by a previous procedure or complicated sinusitis. Frontal sinus surgery is one of the surgeries that a fellowship-trained sinus specialist can handle when many otolaryngologists struggle. Extended endoscopic approaches are available as well that replace larger surgeries with facial incisions.

Once you visit an expert in rhinology, because of any of the symptoms listed above, they will determine the cause of your sinus discomfort and devise the most effective treatment strategy for you.

Stuffy and Runny Nose

Also known as chronic nasal drip, a runny and stuffed nose is the most prevalent symptom of a common cold. It is caused by the inflammation of the inner part of the nose. The minor or regular runny nose usually goes away after several days or weeks. It is vital to contact a rhinologist in Louisville KY if your runny nose is severe, persistent, or only on one side. This could signify a more severe underlying condition, like a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak.

Sinus infections and allergies are the most common inflammatory conditions that cause a runny nose. About 30% of people in the U.S. experience allergic rhinitis, which is most frequently brought on by environmental allergens that induce the nasal mucosa to create inflammatory mediators resulting in clear mucus. Additionally, sinus infections can worsen nasal irritation and increase the production of clear or colored mucus.

A runny nose can have a more dangerous non-inflammatory cause, like excessive nasal nerve stimulation-induced mucus overproduction and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks. While this is generally uncommon, it can become more frequent following a head or facial injury. The CSF surrounding the brain can flow down to the sinuses and enter the nose. Vasomotor rhinitis, a disorder caused by overactive nasal nerve stimulation, can cause specific individuals to produce a clear and watery nasal discharge that flows rapidly from the nose.

Below are symptoms of a runny nose that require a rhinologist's attention:

A salty taste in the mouth from the clear nasal drip
Excessive nasal drip accompanied by a persistent cough
Neck stiffness or severe headaches accompanying the nasal drip
Nasal drip that begins after sinus surgery or head/facial injury
Unpredictable and embarrassing clear nasal drip

Diagnosis and Treatment

Finding the underlying reason for your runny nose accompanying other sinus or nasal symptoms is the key to effective treatment and therapy. Your rhinologist will examine your nasal tubes and sinuses using nasal endoscopy. They may also perform a CT scan of your sinuses if they suspect that CSF is the cause of your runny nose.

Among the treatment options available for this condition include:

Antihistamine spray or nasal steroids for a runny nose resulting from allergies
Antibiotics if the nasal drip is resulting from a sinus infection
In the case of chronic rhinitis, a minimally invasive procedure known as ClariFix® or cryoablation is effective
Anticholinergic nasal spray for a runny nose resulting from vasomotor rhinitis
A vidian neurectomy is another form of treatment for severe cases of vasomotor rhinitis. It is a highly specialized technique used to cut the nerve in charge of the increased mucus production

Nasal Polyps

The nose and nasal airways can occasionally produce water-bag-like sprouts called nasal polyps. They result from inflammation and often do not pose a threat or cause cancer. Unless there is an inherent issue, they often do not hurt. Their growth may be influenced by allergies, aspirin sensitivity, or past bacterial infections. They might even be the root of some people's persistent or recurring sinus issues.

Nasal polyps come in various sizes and frequently do not show symptoms until they get big enough to obstruct nasal airflow. Note that there are other tumors in the sinuses and nose besides nasal polyps. Such lesions that resemble nasal polyps include antrochoanal polyps, mucocele, sinus tumors, and mucus retention cysts.

Clusters of nasal polyps can form, and those resistant to medical treatment might need them removed surgically. Symptoms of nasal polyps include:

Loss of smell and taste
Nasal congestion
Headaches
Runny nose
Excessive snoring
Postnatal drip

Note that people may have severe nasal polyps, characterized by eye complications like double vision and swollen eyes. Complications around the eyes, such as swelling around the eyes or double vision, may occur in persons with severe nasal polyps. Although severe sinusitis is frequently correlated with multiple nasal polyps, not everyone with sinusitis will experience polyp development. Since they are so minuscule, nasal polyps can only cause minor symptoms.

Causes of Nasal Polyps

The emergence of nasal polyposis has been linked to a few medical disorders. They include:

Allergic Fungal Rhinosinusitis (AFRS)
Cystic Fibrosis
Allergies (Hay fever)
Asthma
Aspirin Exacerbated Respiratory Disease (AERD)

Diagnosis and Treatment

The diagnosis of nasal polyps takes place using a nasal endoscope, a tiny tube attached to a small camera that aids in looking through the nose. However, some further evaluation may be necessary. Laboratory tests or a CT scan of the sinuses are other forms of diagnosing this condition.

When it comes to the treatment of nasal polyps, surgery or medication is applicable. There are numerous other therapies that your rhinologist can recommend. These treatment options include:

Antibiotics for related bacterial infections
Allergy immunotherapy, including SLIT- sublingual immunotherapy and SCIT-subcutaneous immunotherapy
Nasal sprays, like Nasacort, Flonase , and Nasonex, to treat chronic rhinitis
Oral corticosteroids for managing inflammation temporarily
XHance and steroid sinus rinses, commonly known as budesonide sinus rinses
Aspirin desensitization for people who suffer from AERD
Nasal Polypectomy combined with sinus surgery aids in easing symptoms after surgery and optimizing the efficiency of medications. They are a form of maintenance drugs that control inflammation. They can be taken before and after as well as with or without sinus surgery
Monoclonal antibodies, like Xolair, Dupixent, and Nucala, are additional treatment options for patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and severe type 2 inflammation with nasal polyps. They can be administered as a subcutaneous injection in a rhinology office or at home.

Other Symptoms That Show It's Time to See a Rhinologist

It is advisable to visit a rhinologist when you experience:

Smell loss (Anosmia)
Allergic fungal sinusitis
Prolonged allergic reactions
Cerebrospinal fluid leaks (CSF)
Chronic eye tearing (epiphora)
Nose bleed (epistaxis)
Deviated septum , meaning the bridge separating the nostrils has moved sideways
Inferior turbinate enlargement due to inflamed mucosa as a result of chronic sinusitis or rhinitis
Decreased sense of smell (hyposmia)
Nasal obstruction
Nasal valve collapse
Runny nose
Bulging eyes (Orbital proptosis)
Skull base tumors
Pituitary tumors
Sinus mucoceles

How Do Rhinologists Stay Up to Date with Advancements in Their Field?

Rhinologists ensure they are knowledgeable about the latest advancements in their field through multiple methods. One way they accomplish this is by actively participating in regional and national rhinology meetings, such as the annual American Rhinologic Society Meeting and the Combined Otolaryngology Spring Meeting (COSM), where they have the opportunity to learn about recent developments and shared experiences from other professionals. Additionally, they dedicate time to reviewing journal articles, which allows them to stay informed on current research findings and advancements in medical and surgical techniques specific to rhinology. Moreover, rhinologists actively engage in multidisciplinary skull base disorder team meetings, enabling them to collaborate with experts from various fields and discuss the most recent breakthroughs in the diagnosis and treatment of related disorders. Their commitment to these ongoing educational activities and interaction with fellow experts ensures that rhinologists stay up to date with the dynamic advancements in their field.

What Additional Training Do Rhinologists Receive?

A rhinologist undergoes a sixth year of highly specialized training beyond that required of a typical ENT doctor to earn this distinction. This additional training equips them with the necessary expertise to diagnose and treat a wide range of illnesses specific to the paranasal sinuses, nose, as well as the skull base and orbit. During their intensive fellowship in Rhinology, which typically lasts one to two years, rhinologists receive focused instruction on the medical and surgical management of complex disorders of the nose and sinuses. This includes conditions such as sinus tumors, cerebrospinal fluid leaks, recurrent nasal polyps, and complicated chronic sinusitis. Since they deal with these challenging nasal and sinus disorders daily, rhinologists amass a wealth of experience and knowledge, enabling them to effectively handle even the most uncommon sinus conditions. The rigorous training and dedication of rhinologists ensure that patients receive the highest standard of care for their specialized nasal and sinus needs.

Consult a Professional Rhinologist in Louisville KY

If you have any warning signals mentioned above, you should immediately schedule an appointment with a sinus doctor near you. The faster you act when you discover a symptom, the sooner you can get the appropriate care and treatment to eliminate pain and distress.

We approach every patient with the care and expertise they deserve. Dr. Thomas Higgins will create a personalized treatment plan based on your symptoms, lifestyle, and medical history. He is a fellowship-trained rhinologist in Louisville KY and Jeffersonville, IN, with expertise in handling nose, anterior skull base, and paranasal sinuses conditions.

Furthermore, Dr. Higgins researches these areas and continues to lead the way in surgical and management advancements for sinus disease. He also frequently treats complex sinus diseases that have not improved with prior medical treatment or surgery. Although there are several "Sinus Surgeons" in the U.S., Dr. Higgins is one of only a handful of specialists with advanced training in the field of rhinology that goes beyond residency.

Due to his experience, he can assist patients who have endured persistent issues despite having had several sinus surgeries and have been told there is no hope by other ENTs or "sinus surgeons." Dr. Higgins collaborates with expert ophthalmologists and neurosurgeons to frequently perform nose-based procedures for the skull base and eyes without any skin incisions.

So, don't hesitate to make an appointment with Dr. Thomas Higgins, MD, MSPH in Louisville, KY, or Jeffersonville, IN, to learn more about our expert rhinology services. We are dedicated to giving you relief for your nose, paranasal sinuses, and anterior skull base condition.

Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH

Father. Husband. Sinusitis Nerd.

What Is Anosmia? Understanding Smell Loss | Dr. Higgins

thomas.h@clinicianbox.com (Thomas Higgins) — Sat, 02 Dec 2023 04:41:54 GMT

Anosmia is the loss of the sense of smell. Learn more about this worrisome condition and how it is treated.

Anosmia, the loss of sense of smell , can be either total or partial, but regardless, it can have a significant impact on a person's quality of life. Without the ability to detect odors, many enjoyments and daily experiences such as tasting food, detecting dangers like smoke or gas leaks, or enjoying the scent of flowers and perfumes can be diminished or lost entirely.

How does anosmia occur?

Anosmia occurs when there is an interruption in the pathway that transmits the sensory information from the nose to the brain. This interruption can occur for various reasons, such as blockage in the nasal passages, damage to the olfactory neurons or the olfactory bulb, which is responsible for processing smell, or by a problem in the brain itself, where the smell loss evaluation is perceived.

What can cause anosmia?

There are several possible causes for anosmia:

Nasal congestion from a cold, allergy, sinus infection, or poor air quality
Nasal polyps — noncancerous growths in the nasal passages
Injury to the nose and smell nerves from surgery or head trauma
Exposure to toxic chemicals
Certain medications
Radiation therapy
Chronic conditions such as Alzheimer's disease or Parkinson's disease
Congenital conditions (conditions present from birth)

What chemicals are they called that can cause anosmia?

Chemicals that can cause anosmia are typically known as neurotoxicants. These can include heavy metals like cadmium and certain organic compounds such as acrylates and methacrylates which are used in various industrial processes.

Is anosmia permanent?

Anosmia can be either temporary or permanent, depending on what causes it. If the loss of smell is due to a temporary condition such as nasal congestion from a cold or allergies, it's likely that it will return once the congestion clears up. However, if it's caused by a more serious condition like nerve damage, it can be permanent.

How long does anosmia last?

The duration of anosmia varies depending on its cause. For example, if it's associated with a cold, it might last until the cold is over. However, if it's due to chronic conditions or permanent nerve damage, it might be irreversible.

Can anosmia be cured?

Whether anosmia can be cured depends on its cause. Anosmia caused by temporary factors such as a cold can clear up on its own, while anosmia resulting from a chronic condition may not have a cure. Treatments can range from simply waiting for it to resolve, using nasal sprays for allergies, or surgery for obstructions like polyps.

Looking for a smell clinic near you , visit Dr. Thomas Higgins, a rhinology expert in Louisville, KY.

What is the Difference between RhinAer and VivAer?

thomas.h@clinicianbox.com (Thomas Higgins) — Sun, 19 Nov 2023 00:20:50 GMT

If you are looking for a treatment for nasal airway obstruction or rhinorrhea (runny nose), you may have heard about the VivAer and RhinAer procedures. Find out here which one is best for you.

Chronic nasal obstruction can significantly impact one's quality of life, from breathing difficulties to sleep disturbances. Thanks to advances in surgical technology, engineers and clinical researchers have developed minimally invasive procedures that can provide relief without the need for traditional surgery. Two such innovative procedures are the VivAer and RhinAer procedures. While they both aim to improve nasal airflow, they each target different underlying causes of nasal obstruction.

What is the VivAer Procedure?

The VivAer procedure is a minimally-invasive treatment designed to help patients who suffer from Nasal Airway Obstruction (NAO), which can be caused by a deviated septum, enlarged turbinates, or nasal valve collapse. During this procedure, a small wand is inserted into the nostrils to deliver controlled, low-temperature radiofrequency energy to the nasal tissues. This causes the tissues to shrink and stiffen, opening up the nasal airway and improving airflow without altering the nose's exterior appearance.

What is the RhinAer Procedure?

The RhinAer procedure, on the other hand, targets chronic rhinitis, a condition characterized by inflamed, runny nose. Similar to VivAer, RhinAer uses a wand-like device to apply low-temperature radiofrequency energy; however, the energy is applied to the posterior nasal nerves, which are responsible for generating rhinorrhea. This gentle treatment disrupts the nerve signals responsible for chronic rhinitis symptoms such as nasal congestion, runny nose, and postnasal drip.

Key Differences Between VivAer and RhinAer

While both procedures use radiofrequency energy, the main difference lies in their targeted conditions and treatment areas:

VivAer is focused on structural issues within the nasal airway that lead to obstruction.
RhinAer is aimed at alleviating symptoms of chronic rhinitis by modifying nerve function.

Both procedures are office-based, require only local anesthesia, and are performed in a short visit. Patients can expect minimal downtime and a quick return to normal activities.

If you're considering these options for improving your nasal breathing, it's essential to consult with a qualified physician who can diagnose your condition accurately and recommend the right treatment for you. Dr. Thomas Higgins, MD, MSPH, MBA is an experienced physician who performs both the VivAer and RhinAer procedures. His practice is dedicated to providing advanced treatments for nasal obstruction and chronic rhinitis for patients in Louisville, KY, and Jeffersonville, IN. If you're looking for relief from your nasal symptoms and want to explore these innovative options, Dr. Higgins may be able to help you breathe easier and improve your quality of life.

How to Relieve Sinus Pressure

thomas.h@clinicianbox.com (Thomas Higgins) — Wed, 08 Nov 2023 03:18:34 GMT

What is Sinus Pressure and How Do You Get Relief?

Sinus pressure is a common ailment that can significantly affect your quality of life. However, did you know that most "sinus pressure" is not directly related to the sinuses? Often, this discomfort is wrongly attributed to sinusitis when it might be due to other causes. In this blog post, we will explore various ways to diagnose and treat sinus pressure and when professional help may be necessary.

Understanding Sinus Pressure

Sinus pressure is a uncomfortable sensation of the face or nose that may be described in various ways, including “like a balloon” or “under pressure.” This symptom tends to overlap with symptoms such as nasal congestion and facial pain. While it is commonly believed that sinus pressure arises from the sinuses, it is often due to other conditions. Thus, it's important to correctly identify the cause of your discomfort for effective treatment.

Treating Sinus Pressure Caused by Allergy Exposure

Allergy exposure can often result in sinus pressure. Allergens trigger your body's immune response, leading to inflammation and swelling in your nasal passages, which can cause a feeling of pressure. To alleviate allergy symptoms, try using an over the counter (OTC) antihistamine. For more chronic allergies, you might benefit from prescription-strength medication or allergy shots. Using a humidifier at home can also help as moist air helps soothe inflamed nasal passages and thin out mucus.

Alleviating Sinus Pressure from Facial Tension

Facial tension, particularly as seen in temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD), can also contribute to sinus pressure. TMD affects the muscles, tendons, and joints connecting your jaw to the side of your head and can cause a sensation of pressure around your face from muscle tension or joint irritation. If you suspect TMD might be causing your sinus pressure, physical therapy, stretching exercises, a bite guard, or relaxation techniques like deep-breathing exercises and yoga. Over-the-counter pain relievers may also help manage the discomfort.

Managing Sinus Pressure from Acute Sinusitis

Acute sinusitis can cause significant sinus pressure due to sudden inflammation and swelling in your sinuses. If you have sinusitis, you may get symptom relief with a nasal decongestant spray or taking OTC pain relievers. Warm compresses applied to your face can also provide relief. In some cases, antibiotics may be necessary if a bacterial infection is present.

Seeking Professional Help for Sinus Pressure

If you frequently suffer from sinus pressure and need an expert diagnosis and management of chronic sinusitis , consider seeing a rhinologist specialist such as Dr. Thomas Higgins, MD, MSPH, MBA. Based in Louisville, KY, and Jeffersonville, IN, Dr. Higgins provides comprehensive evaluations and personalized treatment plans for individuals suffering from chronic sinus pressure.

Remember, while home remedies and OTC medications can provide temporary relief for sinus pressure, it's important to seek professional help if your symptoms persist or worsen over time. By seeing a specialist like Dr. Higgins, you can ensure that you receive the correct diagnosis and appropriate treatment for your condition.

FAQs about Sinus Pressure Relief

What Does a Rhinologist Do?

Mon, 16 Oct 2023 12:15:00 GMT

Rhinology, a sub-specialty of otolaryngology, focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and disorders of the nose, sinuses, and skull base. Rhinologists are experts in managing conditions such as chronic sinusitis, nasal polyps, deviated septum, and skull base tumors. They employ both medical and surgical interventions to provide relief from these conditions and improve patients' quality of life.

Definition of Rhinology

Rhinology is the medical and surgical discipline that deals with the anatomy , physiology, and pathology of the nose and nasal passages. By understanding the intricate structures and functions of the nose, rhinologists can diagnose and treat various nasal problems effectively.

In addition to treating common conditions such as allergies and sinusitis, rhinologists have expertise in complex procedures like endoscopic sinus surgery , frontal sinus surgery, revision sinus surgery, skull base surgery, and pituitary surgery. They utilize advanced diagnostic tools, including nasal endoscopy and imaging techniques like CT scans , to evaluate nasal and sinus disorders accurately.

Role of Rhinology in Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT)

Rhinology plays a vital role in the comprehensive management of ear, nose, and throat (ENT) conditions. Rhinosinusitis, inflammation of the sinuses simultaneous with nasal symptoms, is a common condition treated by rhinologists. By addressing these underlying nasal issues, they can alleviate associated symptoms like facial pain or pressure, congestion, and impaired sense of smell.

Rhinologists also manage tumors involving the sinuses or skull base. They work closely with neurosurgeons or head and neck surgeons to delicately remove tumors while preserving vital structures around the nose.

Furthermore, rhinology plays a role in the field of sleep medicine. Many patients with sleep apnea or breathing difficulties during sleep may have nasal obstructions contributing to their condition. Rhinologists evaluate and treat these nasal obstructions to improve patients’ sleep quality.

In summary, the field of rhinology is dedicated to the comprehensive care of nasal and sinus conditions. Rhinologists utilize both medical and surgical interventions to diagnose and treat various disorders, offering patients relief from symptoms and improved quality of life. Whether it's managing chronic sinusitis or removing a skull base tumor, rhinology plays a crucial role in promoting ear, nose, and throat health.

Diagnosis and treatment of nasal and sinus conditions

One of the primary duties of a Rhinologist is to diagnose and treat various nasal and sinus conditions . These can include:

Chronic sinusitis: Rhinologists are trained to identify the underlying causes of chronic sinusitis, such as structural abnormalities, allergies, or infections. They can recommend appropriate treatment options, including medication, nasal irrigation, or surgery if necessary.
Nasal polyps: Rhinologists are skilled in diagnosing and treating nasal polyps , which are noncancerous growths that can develop in the nasal passages. Treatment may involve medication or surgery to remove the polyps.
Deviated septum: A Septoplasty occurs when the wall that separates the nostrils is crooked or off-center. Rhinologists can evaluate the severity of the deviation and recommend surgical options, such as a septoplasty, to correct it.
Nasal congestion and obstruction: Rhinologists can help identify the underlying causes of nasal congestion and obstruction, such as allergies, infections, or structural issues. They can prescribe appropriate medications or recommend other treatment options like nasal sprays or allergy shots.

Rhinology Procedures and Techniques

Rhinologists utilize various procedures and techniques to diagnose and treat these conditions effectively.

Endoscopic sinus surgery

Endoscopic sinus surgery is a common procedure performed by rhinologists to treat chronic sinusitis, nasal polyps, and other sinus-related disorders. This minimally invasive surgery involves the use of an endoscope, a thin tube with a light source and camera, to visualize the inside of the sinuses and remove any obstructions or diseased tissue.

Balloon sinuplasty

Balloon sinuplasty is a less invasive alternative to traditional sinus surgery. It involves the insertion of a small balloon into the blocked sinus cavity, which is then inflated to expand the sinus opening. This allows for better drainage of mucus and alleviates symptoms associated with chronic sinusitis.

Nasal polypectomy

Nasal polypectomy is a surgical procedure performed to remove nasal polyps, which are noncancerous growths that can cause nasal congestion, runny nose, and loss of smell. Rhinologists typically use nasal endoscopy to visualize the polyps and remove them using specialized instruments.

Septoplasty

Septoplasty is a surgical procedure performed to correct a deviated septum, which is a condition where the wall separating the two nasal passages is crooked or displaced. A rhinologist may recommend septoplasty if a deviated septum is causing chronic nasal congestion, difficulty breathing, or recurrent sinus infections.

Turbinate reduction

Turbinate reduction is a procedure performed to reduce the size of the nasal turbinates, which are structures inside the nose that help filter and humidify inhaled air. If the turbinates become enlarged due to allergies or other factors, they can block the nasal passages and cause chronic congestion. Rhinologists can use various techniques, such as laser or radiofrequency ablation, to reduce the size of the turbinates and improve nasal airflow.

In conclusion, a rhinologist is a specialist in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders related to the nose and sinuses. Through various procedures and techniques like endoscopic sinus surgery, balloon sinuplasty , nasal polypectomy, septoplasty, and turbinate reduction, they aim to alleviate symptoms and improve overall nasal health for their patients.

Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH

Father. Husband. Sinusitis Nerd.

World Sinus Health Awareness Day 2023: A Global Education Campaign for Sinusitis

thomas.h@clinicianbox.com (Thomas Higgins) — Tue, 12 Sep 2023 10:36:55 GMT

World Sinus Health Awareness Day 2023 is September 13

World Sinus Health Awareness Day 2023 will be commemorated on September 13, 2023 as an initiative designed to enhance global understanding and education regarding nasal and sinus symptoms, their causes, and the range of available treatment options. It also highlights when patients should consider seeking specialized care.

World Sinus Health Awareness Day is an annual event sponsored by The American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS) in collaboration with corporate partners Medtronic and Optinose. Educational information about sinus health awareness issues can also be found at sinushealth.com .

Its primary objective is to facilitate public access to valuable information that will help individuals understand their unique path towards improvement with treatment options for a spectrum of nasal symptoms, disorders, and diseases.

Rhinology is a specialized branch of medicine that focuses on diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders related to the nose, nasal passages, and sinuses. This field encompasses a wide range of conditions, including allergies, sinusitis, nasal polyps, and tumors, as well as structural issues such as deviated septum. Rhinologists may use various diagnostic tools, including endoscopy, and they often work closely with otolaryngologists (ear, nose, and throat specialists) to provide comprehensive sinus care for patients.

For more information on World SInus Health Awareness Day, visit www.entnet.org/WSHAD starting September. Patients seeking specific information related to the 2023 campaign can visit www.ENThealth.org/SinusDay .

Dr. Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH, MBA

Dad, Husband, Sinus Nerd.

For more details about Dr. Thomas S. Higgins, please visit higgins-sinus.com .

What is a Cottle Maneuver?

Tue, 22 Aug 2023 14:00:00 GMT

Nasal obstruction is uncomfortable and greatly impacts the quality of life of millions of people dealing with the condition. Various factors, such as external nasal deformities, septal deviation, turbinate hypertrophy, and nasal polyps can compromise the nasal airway. An important aspect of evaluating nasal obstruction is identifying the specific area of obstruction in the external and internal nasal valves. The nasal valves regulate nasal airflow in the front of the nose, and any narrowing of these areas can lead to nasal obstruction.

A diagnostic exam that can help assess nasal valve incompetence is the Cottle maneuver. This maneuver involves a simple and easily applied method to determine the presence of external and/or internal nasal valve compromise. Read on to learn more.

Understanding Nasal Obstruction

Nasal obstruction is a condition that requires a comprehensive assessment of the many anatomic and physiologic factors that cause this issue. The nasal valves, both internal and external, are lesser-known areas of the nose that are important to assess when identifying the area of obstruction and planning appropriate interventions.

Accurate diagnosis of nasal obstruction is important for guiding appropriate treatment and improving patient outcomes. Issues like allergies, deviated septum, nasal polyps, sinus infections, or structural abnormalities can contribute to varying degrees. Otolaryngologists utilize a combination of medical history, physical examination, and nasal endoscopy to identify the potential underlying causes of an individual's nasal obstruction. During the physical examination, the healthcare provider inspects the external nasal structures, looking for any signs of deformity or swelling. They may also examine the interior of the nose using a nasal speculum or nasal endoscopy to visualize the nasal passages. This exam allows them to assess for the presence of nasal polyps, deviated septum, or other internal abnormalities. In certain cases, further diagnostic tests may be necessary to determine the cause of the nasal obstruction more precisely. These tests may include imaging studies such as computed tomography (CT) scans or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which provide detailed images of the sinonasal structures. Allergy testing may also be conducted to identify specific allergens that might be contributing to the obstruction.

Once an accurate diagnosis is established, appropriate treatment options can be discussed. Treatment may involve medical interventions, such as nasal sprays, antihistamines, or antibiotics, depending on the underlying cause. Surgical interventions, such as septoplasty to correct a deviated septum or sinus surgery to remove nasal polyps , may also be considered.

In the next section, we will dive deeper into how the Cottle maneuver is used to evaluate the nasal valve area to predict surgical outcomes and its effectiveness in improving nasal airflow.

What is the Cottle Maneuver?

Definition and Purpose of the Cottle Maneuver

The Cottle Maneuver, named after Dr. Richard Cottle, is a clinical test used in the diagnosis and treatment of nasal valve incompetence. This maneuver assesses the internal and external nasal valves to determine the presence of obstruction and guide appropriate surgical techniques. It is a subjective test that helps identify the location of congestion in the nasal airway. The maneuver helps determine if the congestion is caused by a collapsed or narrow nasal valve, which is the area at the entrance of the nose.

How to Perform the Cottle Maneuver

To perform the Cottle Maneuver, follow these steps:

Place one or two fingertips on the cheeks on either side of the nose.
Gently press and pull outward to widen the nasal valve.
Observe if the nasal airflow improves.

If performing the Cottle Maneuver results in easier breathing through the nose, it suggests that the nasal obstruction is likely in the nasal valve area. It is important to consult a doctor for a detailed diagnosis and appropriate treatment options based on the specific findings.

Interpreting the Results of the Cottle Maneuver

The results of the Cottle Maneuver can provide valuable information in diagnosing and planning the treatment for nasal obstruction. Depending on the response to the maneuver, healthcare professionals can interpret the results as follows:

Positive Cottle Maneuver : If the nasal airflow improves during the maneuver, it suggests either a dynamic collapse of the nasal valve or an improvement in nasal airflow through other anatomical areas.
Negative Cottle Maneuver: If the nasal airflow does not improve or there is no change in nasal obstruction during the maneuver, it may indicate a different cause of nasal obstruction that requires further evaluation.

By carefully interpreting the results of the Cottle Maneuver, healthcare professionals can determine the appropriate course of action for patients with nasal obstruction.

Clinical Applications of the Cottle Maneuver

Role of the Cottle Maneuver in Diagnosis and Treatment

The Cottle Maneuver helps in the diagnosis and treatment of nasal valve incompetence. By gently manipulating the nasal structures, otolaryngologists can assess the nasal airflow and identify areas of obstruction. This information helps determine the most suitable surgical interventions, such as batten or spreader grafts, nasal valve implants , or radiofrequency treatment of the nasal valves to correct the nasal valve collapse and improve nasal airflow. The Cottle Maneuver is performed during the preoperative evaluation to select the appropriate surgical technique and predict postoperative outcomes.

Benefits and Limitations of the Cottle Maneuver

The Cottle Maneuver offers several benefits in the diagnosis and treatment of nasal valve incompetence. It is a simple and easily applied method that can be performed in an office setting without the need for objective instruments. The maneuver provides valuable insights into the specific anatomic problems contributing to nasal obstruction, allowing for targeted surgical planning and improved functional outcomes.

However, it's important to note that the Cottle Maneuver has some limitations. It is a subjective test that relies on patient feedback and the healthcare professional's interpretation. The results may vary based on the skill and experience of the examiner. Additionally, the maneuver primarily focuses on evaluating the external and internal nasal valves and may not capture other factors contributing to nasal obstruction.

Conclusion

The Cottle Maneuver is a simple and commonly used physical examination test to assess nasal obstruction and diagnose nasal valve collapse or narrowing. This maneuver involves applying tension on the skin to the cheek to widen the nasal valve and improve nasal airflow. The presence of a positive Cottle Maneuver suggests the need for surgical intervention to address the nasal valve.

Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH

Father. Husband. Sinusitis Nerd.

When to use and when to avoid nasal decongestant sprays

Wed, 26 Apr 2023 07:10:51 GMT

Are you constantly suffering from nasal congestion? Do you feel like your nose is blocked more often than not? If so, then this blog post is for you. We'll discuss when to use and when to avoid nasal decongestant sprays, as well as other remedies that can help with your congestion.

What are Nasal Decongestant Sprays?

Nasal decongestant sprays are a type of medication that work to relieve nasal discomfort caused by colds, allergies, and hay fever. They contain active ingredients such as oxymetazoline which work to reduce inflammation in your nasal passages and inhibit mast cells. Nasal decongestant sprays come in a variety of forms including pills and liquid sprays that can be used to temporarily relieve nasal congestion. It is important to use these medications only as directed on the label and do not use them for more than a week at a time, as using them for too long can make your stuffiness worse. It is also important to be aware of the risks associated with long-term use of nasal decongestants, including rebound rhinitis medicamentosa (RM). For those looking for relief from nasal congestion, it is important to weigh the risks and benefits before using a decongestant spray and consider alternatives if necessary.

How to Use Nasal Decongestant Sprays

Nasal decongestant sprays are a great way to quickly relieve congestion caused by colds, allergies, and hay fever. When using these sprays, it’s important to follow the label instructions. Generally, these products should not be used for more than a week at a time as using them for longer can result in rebound congestion. Oxymetazoline 0.05% spray (Afrin) advises patients aged 6 and over to use two sprays in each nostril twice daily. It is important to avoid using decongestant nasal sprays for too long as it can lead to Rebound Rhinitis Medicamentosa, in which the user develops rebound congestion after stopping the spray. If symptoms persist or worsen with continued use of a nasal decongestant spray, it is important to see your healthcare provider for further advice and treatment options.

Types of Nasal Decongestant Sprays

Nasal decongestants come in a variety of forms, including pills, sprays, and drops. The most commonly used decongestant sprays contain either oxymetazoline or phenylephrine as their active ingredient. Oxymetazoline is a longer-acting decongestant that provides relief from nasal congestion for up to 12 hours. Phenylephrine is a short-acting decongestant that provides relief from nasal congestion for less than 4 hours. It is important to use any nasal spray with caution and only as directed on the label to avoid rebound congestion and damage to the delicate nasal tissue. Speak to a doctor if you are unsure which type of nasal spray is right for you.

Short-term vs Long-term Use of Nasal Decongestant Sprays

Decongestant nasal sprays and drops should be used sparingly, as they are only supposed to be used for short-term relief. Generally speaking, these decongestants should not be used for more than a week at a time, as using them for too long can make your stuffiness worse. This is known as rebound congestion or rhinitis medicamentosa . If you are using a nasal spray for more than three days, it is important to speak to a healthcare professional to find out if the spray is safe to use for long-term use and whether there are any alternatives available.

Risks Associated with Long-term Use of Nasal Decongestants

One of the risks associated with the long-term use of nasal decongestant sprays is rebound rhinitis medicamentosa (RM). This condition occurs when the body becomes dependent on the spray and loses its ability to function normally without it. Symptoms of rebound congestion or dependency on nasal spray may include: Nasal congestion , facial pressure or pain, difficulty breathing through the nose, and a stuffy nose that returns soon after using a nasal spray. Additionally, long-term use of these sprays can also damage the tissue, causing infection and pain. Therefore, it is important to only use these sprays for short periods of time, ideally no more than three or four days, and to speak to a doctor about any prolonged symptoms that may require a stronger form of treatment.

Rebound Rhinitis Medicamentosa (RM)

Rebound Rhinitis Medicamentosa (RM) is a potential consequence of prolonged use of nasal decongestant sprays. It is a form of rhinitis that is caused by the overuse of topical nasal decongestants. When used as directed, topical decongestant nasal sprays are safe and effective for short-term relief of nasal congestion. However, if you use these sprays for more than three days in succession, you may develop RM when you stop using the spray. Symptoms of RM include nasal congestion, sneezing, and postnasal drip. It is important to avoid using nasal decongestant sprays for longer than 10 days to prevent RM and other risks associated with long-term use. If you are having trouble managing your stuffy nose, there are alternatives to decongestant sprays that can help provide relief from symptoms such as a saline spray or steam inhalation.

When to Avoid Using Decongestant Sprays

It is important to avoid using decongestant sprays when they are not needed. People should not use decongestant nasal sprays for more than a week at a time, as using them for too long can cause rebound congestion and damage to the delicate nasal tissue. People with nonallergic rhinitis may be tempted to use over-the-counter nasal sprays containing a decongestant, such as oxymetazoline or phenylephrine, but they should avoid doing so if possible. Oxymetazoline nasal drops and sprays should only be used for the first three days before switching to an alternative form of relief. Additionally, people should avoid sneezing or blowing their nose immediately after using the spray. Keeping these tips in mind and following the instructions on the packaging can help people safely use nasal decongestants and avoid any potential risks associated with long-term use.

Alternatives to Nasal Decongestants

If you need to avoid using nasal decongestants, there are other options available. Nasal steroid sprays, such as Flonase (fluticasone), can help reduce congestion and inflammation in the nasal passages. Additionally, oral decongestants like pseudoephedrine can be taken as needed. These should only be used for a short period of time and not combined with a nasal spray. Alternatively, saline irrigation can help clear out clogged nasal passages and flush out allergens that can trigger congestion. Finally, drinking plenty of fluids and using a humidifier can also provide relief from congestion. When deciding on a treatment for nasal congestion, it is important to consult with your healthcare provider to discuss the best option for you.

Conclusion

In conclusion, nasal decongestant sprays can be a great way to reduce nasal congestion. However, these sprays should only be used for a short period of time, as using them for too long can lead to rebound rhinitis medicamentosa or other risks. To use nasal decongestant sprays safely, it is best to follow the instructions on the packaging and speak to a doctor if you have any concerns. If you experience symptoms of rebound rhinitis medicamentosa, discontinue use of the spray immediately and seek medical advice. Alternatives to nasal decongestant sprays such as intranasal corticosteroids may be better suited for those suffering from chronic congestion.

Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH

Father. Husband. Sinusitis Nerd.

What Is Mometasone Nasal Spray Used for?

Wed, 12 Apr 2023 05:29:25 GMT

Problems with your nose and sinuses can significantly affect your ability to function. Although such conditions are not generally life-threatening, they can make it hard for you to perform your daily activities. For this reason, a nasal polyps nasal spray such as Mometasone can make all the difference in your quality of life. A great sinus specialist such as Dr. Thomas S. Higgins in Louisville, KY will help you decide whether this medicine is right for you.

In general, we use Mometasone for two conditions: allergic rhinitis and nasal polyps. However, it is not the best fit for everyone, and people who have issues like an allergy to specific medications, a history of tuberculosis, or problems with their eyes might need to look for an alternative. Let's examine what the spray does and how you can gain access to it.

What Does Mometasone Nasal Spray Treat?

Primarily, this spray is designed to treat the effects of allergic rhinitis, which can crop up in people who have hay fever or other types of allergies. However, you can also use it to reduce the symptoms of nasal polyps. It is a corticosteroid, which means that it's a copy of a hormone that is naturally present in your body. If you don't produce enough of this substance yourself, a spray such as Mometasone can help to make up for the deficiency.

Before deciding that this is the drug for you, t's always better to speak to a sinus specialist, who has experience with cases like yours. Dr. Higgins can help you decide whether this is the best medicine for your situation. What's more, he can let you know what dosage you should use and what results you can expect.

Allergic Rhinitis

Allergic rhinitis describes an inflammation on the inside of your nose, and it is caused by an allergen, such as pollen, dust, mold, or certain animals. The condition is very common and is estimated to affect around one in five adults at some point throughout each year. While many people experience this problem only during certain seasons, other suffer from it for months or even years at a time, especially if the trigger isn't removed.

If you have allergic rhinitis, you might experience cold-like symptoms. These include sneezing often, a runny or blocked nose, and itchiness. In most cases, the issue is not very severe, but it does affect the way you function throughout the day, and it can be extremely irritating. For this reason, getting relief through a treatment like Mometasone nasal spray is crucial.

Nasal Polyps

Another common condition that can be addressed with the treatment is nasal polyps. These are soft growths on the inside of your nose, and they can cause similar symptoms to allergic rhinitis. In fact, many people believe they have a cold or an allergy when they first notice their polyps. If your symptoms persist and you also experience the constant need to swallow, frequent nosebleeds, or snoring, you might have polyps and should see your sinus specialist.

In general, this condition isn't dangerous, and you won't have any pain associated with it. However, once the polyps become bigger, they could affect the way you breathe, particularly during the night. You may also lose your sense of smell over time. Speak to Dr. Higgins about the issue, and he will let you know whether Mometasone spray is the best solution or whether you need to have your polyps removed more permanently at the Louisville, KY clinic.

Who Can Use This Nasal Polyps Nasal Spray?

Mometasone is a good option for many people because it doesn't come with many side effects, but it is highly effective in reducing the irritation and swelling you may experience inside your nose. Ask your specialist before using it, as there might be some contraindications. For example, you shouldn't use this substance if you are allergic to certain medications, have had tuberculosis, have had nose surgery, or have cataracts or glaucoma.

While there is no evidence that this drug harms you or your baby during pregnancy, your doctor might be cautions to prescribe it and only do so if the benefits outweigh the risks. Similarly, the spray can be used on children, but you will have to be cautious and adjust the dose. This medicine is not recommended for toddlers under three years old.

Is It a Prescription Medication?

In most areas, Mometasone is a prescription medication, and you will need your specialist's approval to use it. Aside from the spray, you might also be able to obtain the same medicine as an inhaler for asthma and a skin treatment or cream for eczema. There may also be different strengths and brands available, and your sinus doctor can help you choose the best one for your situation.

Your Dosage

The amount of the nasal polyps nasal spray you need to take depends on the condition you have. For people with allergic rhinitis, one or two sprays per nostril, once per day, will be enough. Those with nasal polyps might need one or two sprays per nostril, twice per day. You shouldn't exceed four sprays per nostril per day in order to make sure the medication remains safe.

Mometasone won't work unless you use it consistently over a period of time. If you forget to take a dose, you should apply it as soon as you remember and then proceed normally. After several weeks, Dr. Higgins will ask you to come back to the clinic to reevaluate your situation. At that time, he may decide to reduce your dose if your symptoms are improving.

Contact Your Louisville, KY Specialist to Find Out More

As mentioned, Mometasone is available as a prescription medication in the US. If you believe that you have one of the conditions it treats and that it would be a good solution for you, it's best to speak to your local sinus specialist, who can have a closer look at your symptoms and determine what intervention is best. While this drug can work well for many people, it isn't the only solution out there, and you might be better suited to another medicine.

Once you've been prescribed Mometasone or another drug to combat your condition, Dr. Higgins will monitor you over several weeks or months to see whether the treatment is effective. Then, he can adjust the medicine or the dosage. Over the long term, you might benefit from a more permanent solution, such as having your polyps removed via minimally invasive surgery.

Problems with your nose can be very irritating, especially if they don't get better after a few weeks. If you are experiencing permanent flu symptoms due to allergic rhinitis or nasal polyps, a spray like Mometasone can help you regain control over the situation. Although there are some contraindications, it is a good solution for most people.

The best way to find out more is to speak to your sinus specialist. Get in touch with Dr. Higgins now at Higgins Sinus in Louisville, KY . With his many years of experience in this field, he can quickly and efficiently evaluate your condition. Then, he will let you know whether you should use this nasal polyps nasal spray to combat your symptoms or whether there is another solution that better fits your needs.

Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH

Husband. Dad. Sinusitis Nerd.

How does chronic sinusitis affect a person?

Tue, 11 Apr 2023 07:12:57 GMT

Are you constantly dealing with sinus congestion, post-nasal drip, and swollen sinuses? If so, you may be living with chronic sinusitis. This condition can have a significant impact on your quality of life—but what exactly are the effects? In this blog post, we’ll explore how chronic sinusitis affects a person and provide helpful tips for managing symptoms.

What is chronic sinusitis?

Chronic sinusitis is a long-lasting inflammation and infection of the sinuses that can linger over a period of time, typically longer than acute sinusitis. With chronic sinusitis , the tissues inside your sinuses become inflamed and blocked for a long period of time due to swelling and mucus buildup. This can impact your breathing as it becomes harder for air to travel past because of the swelling of your nasal and sinus passages. Symptoms of chronic sinusitis may include nasal congestion, pain and pressure in the sinuses, wheezing, chest tightness, and cough. It is important to note that while living with untreated chronic sinusitis can be unpleasant with persistent symptoms, serious complications are uncommon.

What are the symptoms of chronic sinusitis?

Chronic sinusitis is a condition characterized by inflammation of the nasal passages and sinuses. Common symptoms include nasal discharge (thick yellow or green discharge from nose), toothache, ear pain and/or headache, cough, tiredness and ear pain. Other symptoms may include congestion or “fullness” in the face, headaches due to pressure and swelling in the sinuses, fatigue and malaise, a runny nose, mucus buildup, clogged nose and discharge, pain in the facial area, soreness in the throat , coughing and fever. If left untreated, chronic sinusitis can cause more indolent symptoms that persist for months. These can include pain and pressure above the eyes, along the sides of the nose, and behind the cheeks.

How can chronic sinusitis affect sleep?

Chronic sinusitis can have a major effect on sleep quality and quantity. Studies investigating sleep and sleep quality in CRS have shown that 6 0-75% of individuals with CRS complain of poor sleep . Sinus and nasal problems often contribute to snoring, which can lead to sleep apnea. The symptoms of sinusitis make it more difficult to breathe while sleeping, which can further narrow the airway. Many people with sinus conditions, including sinusitis or allergies, have difficulty sleeping well throughout the night due to the inflammation of their nasal passages. Poor sleep and a feeling of fatigue during the day are frequent complaints of patients who have sinusitis, as untreated chronic sinusitis can lead to long-term health issues. Therefore, it is important for those suffering from chronic sinusitis to seek treatment in order to get restful and restorative sleep.

How does chronic sinusitis affect productivity

Chronic rhinosinusitis can have a significant impact on a person's productivity. Studies have found that lost productivity related to CRS costs society in excess of $13 billion a year in the United States alone . The signs and symptoms of CRS, such as fatigue, pain, poor concentration, and depression, can all contribute to reduced productivity. Research has also indicated that these symptoms may affect work performance and reduce overall life quality. Additionally, chronic sinus inflammation has been linked to altered brain activity, which could further contribute to a decrease in productivity. For those affected by CRS, it is important to seek medical attention to help manage their symptoms and reduce the impact of the condition on their work and overall life quality.

What is the impact of an inability to smell from chronic sinusitis

Anosmia, or a loss of smell , is one of the effects of chronic sinusitis, and can be partial or total for many people. This effect is caused by inflammation, which interferes with the ability of your sinuses to drain, causing a decrease in the sense of smell. Other common symptoms include a stuffy nose, facial pain and pressure, headaches, fatigue, and difficulty sleeping. An inability to smell can also affect productivity levels as it can be difficult to concentrate or focus on tasks. Furthermore, if left untreated, chronic sinusitis can lead to further infections and a worsening of symptoms. It is important to seek medical attention when experiencing these symptoms in order to prevent further complications.

Can untreated chronic sinusitis lead to other infections?

Untreated chronic sinusitis can lead to other infections and complications. In rare cases, it can spread to the eyes, blood, or brain, and may even cause death in extreme cases. It can also lead to meningitis, a brain abscess, or an infection in the bones of the face. Chronic sinusitis can also cause a person difficulty in breathing, which can prevent them from being active or getting enough oxygen into their body. This can have a significant impact on productivity and sleep. As such, it is important for people with chronic sinusitis to seek medical help as soon as possible in order to prevent any further issues.

Conclusion

In conclusion, chronic sinusitis is a common and long-lasting sinus inflammation and infection that can have significant impacts on a person's life. Symptoms such as nasal congestion, postnasal drainage, and an inability to smell can have an effect on sleep and productivity. Untreated chronic sinusitis can lead to other infections, resulting in more prolonged symptoms. It is important to seek medical attention if symptoms persist for longer than four weeks or if the infection recurs four or more times in a one-year period. With proper medical treatment, chronic sinusitis can be managed in order to improve quality of life.

Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH

Father. Husband. Sinusitis Nerd.

What is the most common symptom of odontogenic sinusitis?

Tue, 28 Mar 2023 14:00:02 GMT

Do you suspect that you may be suffering from odontogenic sinusitis? Are you looking for reliable ways to detect the condition? If so, then this blog post is for you! We'll discuss what the most reliable symptom of odontogenic sinusitis is and how to detect it.

Introduction to Odontogenic Sinusitis

Odontogenic sinusitis is an inflammatory condition that affects the paranasal sinuses, and is often caused by underlying dental pathology, trauma, or other possible causes. It is a highly prevalent, underappreciated and underdiagnosed disease that has been known for over 100 years. OS affects a significant proportion of patients with paranasal sinus infections , and its evaluation can be challenging. In this blog post, we will discuss the most reliable symptom for odontogenic sinusitis and the diagnostic criteria, possible causes, treatment options and more.

Clinical Presentation of Odontogenic Sinusitis

Odontogenic sinusitis was first described in the scientific literature back in 1943 and is characterized by malodor as its most common symptom. It is associated with maxillary sinusitis and can present itself with a variety of symptoms. Unilateral purulent rhinorrhea, facial pressure pain, nasal obstruction syndrome, purulent secretions visible on the posterior wall of the pharynx, decreased smell, postnasal drip, cheek pain, and dental pain are all common symptoms of OS. Furthermore, diagnostic criteria for OS includes having two or more of these symptoms for more than twelve weeks. Patients may also experience dental implant-related complications which may be the cause of OS. Transnasal endoscopic sinus surgery is one possible treatment option for those suffering from OS. Endoscopic nasal exam can also help in determining the severity of OS and its association with periodontal/endodontic disease. Thus, malodor is considered to be the most reliable symptom for odontogenic sinusitis.

Symptoms of Odontogenic Sinusitis

Patients suffering from odontogenic sinusitis typically present with unilateral symptoms, such as purulent nasal discharge, facial pain, and dental pain. Additionally, a foul odor may be present. Endoscopic nasal exams can also be used to diagnose ODS. The most common symptom of odontogenic sinusitis is unilateral purulent nasal discharge, which was found in 66.7% of cases . Other symptoms may include middle facial pain, nasal obstruction, and mucopurulent discharge. It is important to note that these symptoms are usually preceded by a cold or upper respiratory infection. Teeth with close proximity to the maxillary sinus floor also have a higher association with ODS.

Diagnostic Criteria for Odontogenic Sinusitis

So far, we have discussed the common symptoms of odontogenic sinusitis, which include nasal obstruction, purulent nasal discharge, facial pain, and dental pathology. Now, let us take a look at the diagnostic criteria for odontogenic sinusitis. Studies have shown that the most reliable symptom to diagnose odontogenic sinusitis is unilateral sinonasal symptoms lasting for more than 3 months. N asal endoscop y has also been found to be a useful tool in diagnosing ODS since it can reveal purulent secretions in the middle meatus, which is indicative of an infectious process in the maxillary sinus. Endoscopic nasal exams can also be used to distinguish between non-odontogenic rhinosinusitis and ODS, as sinonasal symptoms are not required to diagnose ODS. Furthermore, studies have established a strong association between ODS and periodontal or endodontic disease. Therefore, it is important to consider all the diagnostic criteria when making a diagnosis of ODS in order to ensure accurate diagnosis and treatment.

Possible Causes of Odontogenic Sinusitis

Odontogenic sinusitis is an infection of the sinuses caused by the spread of bacteria from the mouth. It can be caused by a variety of dental procedures, such as periodontal or endodontic treatments, as well as by untreated periodontal or endodontic disease. Other possible causes include trauma to the teeth or jaw and congenital abnormalities. In some cases, ODS can be difficult to diagnose as the symptoms may be similar to those of other conditions. Therefore, it is important to understand and recognize the potential causes in order to make an accurate diagnosis.

Unilateral Symptoms of Odontogenic Sinusitis

Unilateral symptoms are common in odontogenic sinusitis. The most reliable symptom for ODS is unilateral foul-smelling purulent nasal drainage. Other symptoms may include unilateral nasal congestion, purulent rhinorrhea, cacosmia, postnasal drip , and facial pain or pressure, usually located around the cheek area. It is important to note that ODS can also present with non-specific symptoms such as cough, headache, and hyposmia/ anosmia . It is important to consult a doctor if any of the symptoms are present for more than three months. A thorough dental examination and investigations can help to identify the cause of ODS and other associated periodontal or endodontic diseases.

Treatment Options for Odontogenic Sinusitis

The treatment for odontogenic sinusitis is based upon the severity and cause of the infection. Generally, a combination of medical treatment, dental surgery, and/or endoscopic sinus surgery is necessary for successful management. Corticosteroids, additional antibiotics, and saline rinses are often used to reduce inflammation and reduce symptoms. The source of the infection must also be eliminated in order to prevent recurrence. In some cases, this may require the removal of a foreign tooth root from the sinus. A multitude of endoscopic techniques have been used in the treatment of odontogenic disease, including maxillary antrostomy, “mega-antrostomy,” and modified Caldwell-Luc procedures. With appropriate dental treatment and endoscopic sinus surgery, successful management of ODS can be achieved with a success rate ranging from 95-100%.

Role of Endoscopic Nasal Exam in Odontogenic Sinusitis

An endoscopic nasal exam is essential for a definitive diagnosis of odontogenic sinusitis. This procedure involves looking inside the nose and sinuses with a camera. The exam helps to detect the presence of pus, edema, or polyps that may be indicative of odontogenic sinusitis. It can also help to identify any underlying periodontal or endodontic disease that may have caused the infection. Additionally, it is important to note that unilateral symptoms are often seen in ODS, which can be helpful in making a diagnosis. Ultimately, the combination of clinical presentation, endoscopic nasal exam, and imaging studies can help to ensure an accurate diagnosis and proper treatment for odontogenic sinusitis.

Association between Odontogenic Maxillary Sinusitis and Periodontal/Endodontic Disease

The association between odontogenic maxillary sinusitis and periodontal/endodontic disease is very strong. Dental-related sinusitis is usually caused by an infection originating from the teeth, which can spread to the maxillary sinus. In addition, trauma or dental surgery can also lead to OMS. The most common symptoms of OMS include facial pain or pressure, nasal congestion, purulent rhinorrhea, cacosmia, and postnasal drip. It has also been observed that unilateral symptoms are more common in cases of odontogenic maxillary sinusitis. Furthermore, endoscopic nasal exams can help diagnose the condition, which is then followed by proper dental treatment to resolve the symptoms. It is important to note that in order to prevent OMS, it is essential to maintain proper oral hygiene and have regular dental check-ups.

Odontogenic sinusitis is a common cause of maxillary sinusitis, which is often difficult to distinguish from chronic rhinosinusitis. The most reliable symptom for diagnosing odontogenic sinusitis is unilateral odorous purulent rhinorrhea, often accompanied by nasal obstruction, facial pain or pressure, purulent secretions visible in the posterior wall of the pharynx and in the middle meatus, and postnasal drip. Odontogenic sinusitis is highly associated with endodontic and periodontal diseases. A thorough examination, including CT scans and endoscopic nasal exam can help in confirming the diagnosis and provide useful information regarding the best treatment option. The presence of odontogenic sinusitis should be considered in all cases of maxillary sinusitis.

If you're considering these options for treating sinusitis, see a qualified physician who can recommend the right treatment for you. Dr. Thomas Higgins, MD, MSPH, MBA is an experienced rhinologist dedicated to providing sinusitis relief through experience and personalized treatment in Louisville, KY, and Jeffersonville, IN.

FAQs about Odontogenic Sinusitis

What medicine interferes with the early phase of type 1 hypersensitivity

Tue, 14 Mar 2023 16:30:00 GMT

Are you wondering what medicine interferes with the early phase of type 1 hypersensitivity? If so, then this blog post is for you! Here we'll discuss the different medications and treatments that can help reduce the symptoms of this allergy. We'll also look at how to identify and manage type 1 hypersensitivity reactions. So let's get started!

Overview of Type 1 Hypersensitivity Reactions

Type 1 hypersensitivity reactions are immune responses to a foreign antigen which occur within minutes of exposure. They are classified as an IgE-mediated hypersensitivity and triggered by the binding of antigen to mast cell-associated IgE. This results in the release of vasoactive amines and mediators such as histamine and serotonin, which cause a range of symptoms such as urticaria, angioedema, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis , and anaphylaxis. Treatment for type 1 hypersensitivity reactions may involve the use of antihistamines, oral or inhaled corticosteroids, or epinephrine injections. However, avoidance of the offending agent is still the first step in treatment for any allergic condition.

Symptoms of Type 1 Hypersensitivity Reactions

Type 1 hypersensitivity reactions, also known as immediate hypersensitivity, are mediated by immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. Common symptoms of these reactions include asthma, rhinitis , and atopic diseases such as eczema. Late phase reactions can occur 2-8 hours after contact with the antigen and last 2-3 days. Some patients may experience frank arthritis, edema, or gastrointestinal symptoms. Symptoms of type 1 hypersensitivity reactions can be self-limited and typically last 1-2 weeks.

Drugs that can Induce a Type 1 Hypersensitivity Reaction

Some drugs can induce type 1 hypersensitivity reactions. These include opiates, vancomycin (Vancocin), and NSAIDs (including COX-2 inhibitors), methicillin, antimicrobials, and cimetidine. Type 1 hypersensitivity reactions can lead to anaphylaxis , allergic asthma, urticaria, angioedema, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, and some types of drug reactions known as serum sickness. It is important to note that the same drug may cause different reactions in different individuals, so it is important to be aware of the potential for a type 1 hypersensitivity reaction when taking any medication.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Type 1 Hypersensitivity Reactions

Type 1 Hypersensitivity reactions are IgE mediated hypersensitivity reactions that can be triggered by various allergenic agents, such as food, drugs, and environmental allergens. The symptoms of type 1 hypersensitivity reactions usually manifest within minutes after contact with the antigen and can range from mild to life-threatening. To diagnose type 1 hypersensitivity reactions, a doctor may assess the person's history and physical symptoms, as well as conducting skin prick tests or blood tests to detect IgE antibodies. Treatment of a type 1 hypersensitivity reaction is aimed at reducing the body's allergic response and may include medications such as epinephrine, antihistamines, and corticosteroids. Avoidance of the allergen is often the first step in treating a type 1 hypersensitivity reaction.

Causes of Type 2 Hypersensitivity Reactions

Type 1 hypersensitivity reactions are caused by the binding of an antigen or allergen to mast cell-associated IgE. After detecting an antigen, the mast cells degranulate and release vasoactive amines, resulting in a range of clinical manifestations from urticaria to anaphylactic shock. In contrast, type 2 hypersensitivity reactions are caused by antibodies binding to antigens on the surface of cells. These reactions can be caused by antibiotics, drugs with pseudoallergic properties, or radiocontrast media and can result in cytotoxic effects such as hemolysis. In the next section, we will discuss the effects of antibiotics on type 1 hypersensitivity reactions.

Effects of Antibiotics on Type 1 Hypersensitivity Reactions

It is important to note that some antibiotics can interfere with the early phase of type 1 hypersensitivity reactions, leading to an increased risk of an allergic reaction. Penicillins and cephalosporins, two of the most commonly prescribed β-lactam antibiotics, are known to induce severe, life-threatening type I hypersensitivity reactions. In addition, other antibiotics such as sulfonamides and vancomycin (Vancocin) can cause pseudoallergic reactions that involve direct mast cell activation and degranulation. To reduce the risk of a type 1 hypersensitivity reaction, it is important to be aware of which drugs are more likely to cause an allergic reaction and to take steps to prevent or treat any symptoms that may occur.

Intramuscular Epinephrine Injection for Treatment of Type 1 Hypersensitivity Reactions

Epinephrine is the most commonly used, first-line medication for the treatment of Type I hypersensitivity reactions. It is a hormone that helps to reduce the severity of the reaction and can reverse the symptoms of anaphylaxis. Epinephrine should be administered as soon as possible following exposure to the allergen, preferably with an autoinjector or 1:1,000 solution. In cases of severe hypotension, a 1:10,000 w/v solution may also be necessary. It is important to recognize and act quickly when experiencing an allergic reaction, as it can have a wide range of clinical manifestations. The N ational Childhood Vaccine Injury Act of 1986 requires that vaccine manufacturers include information about the possibility of allergic reactions and provide Vaccine Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) if necessary. Furthermore, it is important to be aware of any drug interactions that may occur when taking certain medications as they can interfere with the effectiveness of epinephrine and other medications used to treat Type I hypersensitivity reactions.

Prevention of Type 1 Hypersensitivity Reactions

Prevention of type 1 hypersensitivity reactions is important, especially in children, as an estimated 8% of US children are affected .1 To help avoid reactions, schools can develop plans to prevent allergic reactions and provide epinephrine auto-injectors in case a reaction occurs. In addition to avoidance, premedication protocols using antihistamines, corticosteroids, and acetaminophen can be used to reduce the risk of a hypersensitivity reaction to biologicals. Intranasal application of antihistamines (e.g. AZE, olopatadine, and levocabastine) can also help deliver active drugs directly to the nasal mucosa and reduce the risk of a type 1 hypersensitivity reaction. The only treatment indicated to delay the onset of stage 3 type 1 diabetes is teplizumab (TZIELD). Finally, intramuscular epinephrine injection is the preferred treatment for anaphylaxis or other severe type 1 hypersensitivity reactions.

Immediate Reaction: Allergic Reaction within Minutes of Contact with the Antigen

When exposed to an allergen, an immediate reaction can occur within minutes. This is known as Type I hypersensitivity or immediate hypersensitivity, and is part of the Gell and Coombs classification of allergic reactions. It is mediated by IgE antibodies, which bind to the surface of mast cells and cause them to release histamine and other mediators of the allergic response. Such reactions can be caused by iodinated radiocontrast media (RCM), opiates, or vancomycin, and may appear similar clinically to urticaria. To counteract the allergic reaction, an antihistamine can be taken orally or topically, or inhaled. In cases of anaphylaxis, a severe allergic reaction which is an emergency, intramuscular epinephrine injection is used for treatment. To prevent such reactions in the future, avoidance of the offending agent is the first step in treatment.

Avoidance as the First Step in Treatment of Allergic Conditions

The immediate reaction to an allergen is an allergic reaction and avoidance of the allergen is the first step in treatment for allergic conditions. This includes avoiding contact with the allergen, as well as avoiding foods, drugs, or other substances that may contain it. Oral or topical H1 antihistamines and oral or inhaled corticosteroids can be used to reduce symptoms of an allergic reaction. Epinephrine is the drug of choice for anaphylaxis, which is a severe allergic reaction that can be life-threatening. Nasal corticosteroids can be used to reduce inflammation and swelling of the nasal passages to alleviate symptoms. Intramuscular epinephrine injections may also be necessary in cases of anaphylaxis. It is important to assess the risk factors that may increase the likelihood of a type 1 hypersensitivity reaction and take preventative measures to avoid them.

Conclusion

In conclusion, type 1 hypersensitivity reactions can be caused by a range of medications and environmental triggers. The mainstay of treatment for these reactions is avoidance of the offending agent and the use of H1 antihistamines and oral or inhaled corticosteroids. In more severe cases, epinephrine may be required. It is important to monitor for any signs or symptoms of a reaction. Early diagnosis and recognition of the signs and symptoms are important in providing effective treatment. While avoidance is the best treatment, it is not always possible. As such, knowledge of the medications that can induce a type 1 hypersensitivity reaction is key to preventing further episodes.

How to Treat Nasal Congestion in Babies

Wed, 08 Mar 2023 14:45:01 GMT

Are you concerned about your baby's blocked nose? Nasal congestion in babies can be a frustrating and worrying experience for parents. Luckily, there are several natural remedies you can try to alleviate the discomfort of nasal congestion in babies. In this blog post, we'll cover the best ways to treat nasal congestion in babies.

Understanding Nasal Congestion in Babies

Nasal congestion in babies can be a common problem, and it's important to understand what causes the issue and the best ways to treat it. In most cases, nasal congestion is caused by an infection or allergies, and it can be uncomfortable for your baby. The most common way to treat nasal congestion in babies is through the use of saline sprays and drops, which can help to loosen mucus and make it easier to expel. A nasal syringe is also recommended for babies, as this will help pull out mucus and reduce congestion. You can also make a homemade saline solution, adding a quarter teaspoon of salt to a half-cup of lukewarm water. Warm baths may also help to open up your baby's airways and clear out any mucus or irritants that may be present. Cold medicines should be avoided as they are not recommended for small children. If your baby is very congested, you can try allowing them to cry for a few minutes as this can also help clear their airways.

Using Saline Sprays and Drops

Using saline sprays and drops is a safe and effective way to help clear nasal congestion in babies. Saline sprays and drops can be used daily to help clear mucus from the nose, making it easier to remove with an aspirator. To use saline drops, place two or three drops in one nostril while holding your baby upright or in a reclined position. For a nasal spray, hold your baby's head tilted forward and slightly to one side, then put only the tip of the bottle in the nostril and squeeze gently. It is important to rinse the tip of the bottle with warm tap water before each use to ensure it stays clean and free from bacteria. When using either saline spray or drops, be sure to follow the product instructions for the best results.

What Products Are Recommended?

It's important to know what products are recommended for treating nasal congestion in babies . Saline sprays and drops are safe and effective ways to help clear a baby's congestion, and they can be used for babies as young as 6 months old. This is a surprisingly simple solution, as it just involves squeezing one to two drops of saline nose drops in each nostril to help loosen any dried mucus, then using a rubber suction bulb to clear the nose. For those looking for an alternative, Vicks Vaporub may have provided relief to some adults, but it should not be used on babies as it could make matters worse. In addition, a nasal aspirator can be used to help draw out the mucus. Finally, warm baths and allowing your baby to cry can also help clear the congestion.

Using a Nasal Syringe

Using a nasal syringe is an effective way to treat nasal congestion in babies. It involves inserting a rubber tip into one nostril and squeezing the air out of the bulb to create a vacuum. This will help to draw out the mucus and make your baby cough, which can help to bring it up and out of their nose. When using a nasal syringe, it is important to tilt your baby’s head back before inserting it into their nostril. You may also want to use either saline spray or drops beforehand, as this can help loosen any mucus that may be present. If you decide to use cold medicine, make sure to check with your doctor first as these products are not recommended for babies. Finally, once your baby is done coughing and the mucus is removed, allow them some time to cry and blow their nose in order to clear out any remaining congestion.

Making a Homemade Saline Solution

Making a homemade saline solution is a great way to help clear nasal congestion in babies. It's easy to do with some basic items around the house. Start by adding about one cup of distilled or boiled tap water to a clean container. Then mix in about one teaspoon of iodide-free salt and one teaspoon of baking soda. Store this solution in an airtight container and refrigerate it for up to one month. For an even stronger solution, mix eight teaspoons of salt into one gallon of distilled water. Saline sprays and drops can also be used to help relieve congestion, but making your own with these simple ingredients can be an effective and economical alternative. Be sure to lay your baby down on their back and slightly tilt their head back when using the saline drops or spray, but don't force it. Warm baths may also help clear congestion and cold medicine isn't recommended for babies. Finally, allowing your baby to cry may also help relieve some of the built-up pressure from their nose.

Warm Baths to Help Clear Congestion

A warm bath can be a great way to help clear nasal congestion in babies. Just like a humidifier or a steamy bathroom can help your baby's congestion, giving your little one a warm bath can also make a big difference. Run a hot shower and sit in the bathroom with your little one for a few minutes. The steam will help your congested baby breathe better and make them more comfortable. You can also run a humidifier in your baby's room while they sleep to help loosen mucus. Cool mist is safest as there aren't any hot parts on the machine. Finally, for an extra boost, add some saline drops to the water to ease their breathing even further. With all of these tips combined, you should be able to find some relief from your little one's nasal congestion.

Why Cold Medicine Isn't Recommended

The American Academy of Pediatrics strongly recommends against using over-the-counter (OTC) cold and cough medicines for children under 4. This is because cold medicines can cause serious and potentially life-threatening side effects in young children. It's best to take a more holistic approach to treating nasal congestion in babies. Saline sprays or drops can help clear up nasal passages, thin the mucus, and shrink swollen tissues and they're safe for babies of all ages. A warm bath can also help your baby clear their nose, as well as make them more comfortable. And lastly, if your baby has a fever, you can give them fever-reducing medication (liquid acetaminophen or liquid ibuprofen). All of these treatments are safe for children under 4 and will go a long way toward helping them feel better.

Allow your Baby to Cry

It may seem counterintuitive, but sometimes allowing your baby to cry can help relieve their nasal congestion. When babies cry, they naturally take deep breaths which can help clear out the nasal passageways. This is why some experts recommend letting a baby cry it out if they are having difficulty breathing due to congestion. However, it’s important to remember that you should never force your baby to cry. If you feel that your baby is in distress or exhibiting any signs of illness, contact your healthcare provider immediately. After all the other home remedies such as using a saline spray or drops and a nasal aspirator have been tried, allowing your baby to cry may be the last resort for relieving their congestion.

Conclusion

In conclusion, nasal congestion in babies can be treated using several methods. Saline sprays and drops, as well as saline syringes, can help to reduce the amount of mucus in the nasal passages, allowing your baby to breathe more easily. A warm bath may also provide relief. It is important to note that cold medicine is not recommended for babies, as it is not effective and may cause harm. Finally, it's okay to let your baby cry sometimes in order to relieve their nasal congestion. By utilizing these methods, you can help your baby find relief from their nasal congestion.

Are you a parent looking for a pediatric sinus specialist? Or do you need help or have questions on pediatric nose and sinus issues, schedule a visit with us . Dr. Thomas Higgins has extensive experience with sinusitis and nasal polyposis in children.

What Causes Chronic Coughing?

Thu, 29 Dec 2022 14:00:01 GMT

A cough is considered chronic if it lingers for more than two months in adults and one month in children. Chronic coughing is quite common, affecting 1 1% of the population in the United States. That being said, chronic coughing is a symptom itself and needs to be treated by discovering the underlying cause. Curious about what causes chronic coughing? Then read on to learn more!

What Do Those With a Chronic Cough Experience?

Many symptoms come along with chronic coughing, some of which are less serious than others. This can include a runny or congested nose, heartburn, discomfort in the throat that requires regular throat clearing, a tickle in the back of your throat caused by postnasal dripping, as well as a fever (a temperature higher than 101 degrees Fahrenheit or 38.3 degrees Celsius).

More severe symptoms that can arise from having a chronic cough include weight loss due to inactivity, persistent hoarseness when speaking, coughing up blood or mucus, and even shortness of breath or wheezing. If you are experiencing such symptoms, consulting a doctor can help you get to the root cause of the coughing so that you can finally find relief.

What Are the Common Causes of a Chronic Cough?

The majority of chronic coughs are caused by one or more of the following conditions, sometimes even in combination:

Medications

One of the first causes of chronic cough to rule out is medication-induced cough. Lisinopril , an ACE inhibitor, is known for causing chronic cough related to its activation of bradykinin. This side effect can be bothersome for some individuals, and it is important to consider alternative medications for blood pressure if the cough becomes persistent or significantly affects quality of life.

The cough induced by lisinopril can develop at any time, even years after starting the medication. This phenomenon is known as delayed-onset cough. It is not fully understood why some individuals experience this side effect long after initiating lisinopril therapy, while others do not.

One possible explanation is that the cough is triggered by a cumulative effect of bradykinin accumulation over time. Bradykinin is a substance that causes blood vessels to dilate and can also irritate the airways, leading to coughing. As lisinopril inhibits the breakdown of bradykinin, it is believed that prolonged exposure to the medication may eventually result in the development of a chronic cough.

If a person experiences a persistent cough while on lisinopril, seeing your healthcare provider for further evaluation and to explore alternative treatment options is important.

Asthma

Asthma is a long-term disease that affects the lungs. It causes the airways to become inflamed, which makes it difficult to breathe. When someone with asthma is experiencing symptoms, their airways will tighten, inflame, and fill with mucus, making it harder to draw in air. While asthma can present itself differently in different people, coughing is often a common symptom of those with asthma, especially at night or in the morning.

Bronchiectasis

Bronchiectasis occurs when the tubes that carry air in and out of your lungs, known as bronchi, become damaged or thick. Because this makes it harder to breathe, the most common symptoms of bronchiectasis are coughing and shortness of breath. While fewer than 1 in 20,000 people aged 18-34 have this condition, the number rises dramatically to 1 in every 350 for those who are 75 or older.

Laryngopharyngeal Reflux

Laryngopharyngeal reflux , or LPR, is very similar to gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). However, it is sometimes called "silent reflux" because of its difficulty to diagnose. You may not have the classic symptoms of GERD if you instead have LPR, but one of the symptoms you will experience is coughing. The cough can sound like a hacking or “barking” cough as the contents of your stomach back up, which is known as reflux.

Chronic Sinusitis

Sinusitis is when the lining of your sinuses swells and becomes inflamed. A very common condition, sinusitis often has symptoms of facial pain/pressure, a swelling sensation in the face, mucus drainage, loss of smell, headaches, a runny nose, and bad breath. If the sinusitis lasts for three months or longer, it is referred to as chronic sinusitis. Because of the mucus drainage and the runny nose, an additional symptom some can have is coughing, which can also become chronic.

Conclusion

Coughing may be uncomfortable and disruptive but is part of the body’s defense against disease. While most cough go away on their own, you should contact your doctor if your cough lasts longer than three weeks. It’s important to not ignore a chronic cough, as it can be a sign of something serious.

If you are dealing with a chronic cough, it might be time to seek help. Dr. Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH , is a top endoscopic sinus surgeon and can help assess how best to find relief for your current symptoms. Call 502-894-8441 or click here to book an appointment today!

How to Get Rid of a Runny Nose: Causes & Solutions | Louisville KY

Mon, 28 Nov 2022 17:00:03 GMT

Now that it’s cold and flu season, there’s nothing worse than a runny nose. Luckily, there are a lot of different ways you can go about treating a runny nose, from simple over-the-counter medications such as antihistamines or nasal sprays to procedures that will help deal with the more severe cases. Read on to learn more about how these treatments can help and how to get rid of that runny nose for good.

Antihistamines

When your sinuses are affected by histamines (something your body creates to fight allergens such as dust mites or pollen), the easiest way to treat your runny nose is to take antihistamines. This drug helps block histamines, which helps stop the symptoms . Over-the-counter antihistamines such as Claritin are easy enough to get and can provide instant relief if your runny nose is caused by an allergic reaction. However, if symptoms persist or become long-term, consulting a chronic rhinitis specialist can help identify the underlying cause and provide more targeted treatment options.

Nasal Spray

Nasal sprays exist for the ease of providing relief when it comes to treating a runny nose. One such nasal spray is Atrovent, which uses Ipratropium bromide to help stop the runny mucus generation that makes your nose run. Ipratropium has two strengths that can be purchased, the 0.03% strength, which helps treat a runny nose brought on by allergies, and the 0.06% strength, which helps treat runny noses caused by the common cold.

Clarifix Procedure

When your runny nose is particularly chronic or life-affecting, certain procedures can help you find relief, including the Clarifix procedure. Using cryotherapy, Clarifix helps disrupt the nerve that tells the nose to produce more mucus, so this procedure can be quite helpful.

RhinAer Procedure

Similarly, the RhinAer procedure uses low-temperature radiofrequency (RF) energy to lessen the activity of the posterior nasal nerves that help tell the nose to create more mucus. This procedure can be done while you are awake, with a topical anesthetic used to limit any discomfort you might experience while having it done. There is also lubrication given to your nose so that both the small camera that is used to locate the nerves that need treatment and the procedural tool do not damage your nasal passage.

Vidian Neurectomy

The Vidian nerve is the one that provides nasal secretion, so a Vidian Neurectomy aims to affect this nerve to help treat runny noses. Like the other procedures, a Vidian Neurectomy is endoscopic, meaning it will be performed with a small camera to allow the person performing the procedure to see the nerve and how to best affect it. Care is taken to make sure that the person having the procedure done is kept comfortable while still receiving the treatment that will help them with their chronic runny nose problem.

Nothing is worse than having a runny nose all the time, but luckily, there are procedures and prescriptions that can help make that nose less runny. Dr. Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH , a top endoscopic sinus surgeon, will help you assess how to best deal with your condition to get the best help and relief you can. Call 502-894-8441 or click here to book an appointment today!

Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH

Father. Husband. Sinusitis Nerd.

What is the Difference between Nasal Polyps and Chronic Sinusitis?

thomas.h@clinicianbox.com (Thomas Higgins) — Wed, 09 Nov 2022 17:15:18 GMT

You may hear doctors use terms like sinusitis and nasal polyps. Are nasal polyps the same as sinusitis? The answer is that nasal polyps are distinct from sinusitis, but often these two conditions are present together, called chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). Some people can have nasal polyps without having sinusitis and vice versa. Find out more about nasal polyps and chronic sinusitis along with the common and rare conditions that are associated with them.

What is Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps (CRSwNP)?

Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps (CRSwNP) occurs when nasal polyps become large enough to cause problems with your sinuses . It can affect anyone, but it is most commonly found in adults, people with asthma or allergies, and people with sensitivity to aspirin. It is very difficult to treat CRSwNP because it can associated with many issues. There are many treatment options available for people with CRSwNP, so it is best to consult with a rhinologist who specializes in treating this condition, like Dr. Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH .

What are Nasal Polyps?

Nasal polyps are grape-shaped growths that appear in the nose and cause your sinuses to become plugged. When nasal polyps become very large, it may cause problems with your ability to breathe normally through your nose. When multiple nasal polyps and sinus inflammation occur together, doctors call it chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). People with nasal polyps can have nasal obstruction, smell loss, and thick postnasal drip. They may also feel a lot of pressure on their faces or their noses.

What is Chronic Sinusitis?

Chronic sinusitis causes swelling of the sinus cavities, which are openings to help your skull to be lighter and protect your brain from external pressures when a person is hurt. When you have sinusitis , the immune system releases chemicals to try to protect your body, but that can cause problems such as chronic congestion, thick drainage, and headaches. Chronic sinusitis is not always an infection. Sinusitis can be caused by inflammation due to allergies, irritants, and pollutants as well.

Conclusion

If you have been diagnosed with nasal polyps or chronic sinusitis , you might wonder what the difference is between these two troublesome diagnoses. Nasal polyps and chronic sinusitis are different conditions, but chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a disease that occurs when the polyps inside of your nose become very large and cause blockage and inflammation of the sinuses, which greatly impacts a person's life. Associated with allergies, asthma, and aspirin sensitivity (AERD), CRSNP can be difficult treat, so you should consider seeing a sinus specialist experienced at managing it.

If you have been dealing with nasal polyps or chronic sinusitis lately, it might be time to book an appointment with a sinus specialist like Dr. Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH . to make sure that you get the proper treatment. Dr. Higgins is a fellowship-trained sinus surgeon and rhinologist who runs the premier sinus clinic in Louisville, Kentucky. You can call him at 502-894-8441 or contact him online!

Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH

Father. Husband. Sinusitis Nerd.

How Is Sphenoid Sinusitis Treated?

Mon, 24 Oct 2022 11:45:00 GMT

Sphenoid sinusitis is the inflammation of the sphenoid sinuses (the cavities located directly behind the nose and between the eyes). When this inflammation is limited to the sphenoid cavities, the condition is called isolated sphenoid sinusitis. It is a rare condition affecting 2.7 to 3.0% of people infected with sinusitis .

Sphenoid sinusitis calls for prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Any delay can cause severe complications like cranial neuropathies, cavernous sinus thrombosis, meningitis, and intracranial abscess due to the proximity of the sphenoid sinus to vital neurovascular structures.

What is Sphenoid Sinusitis?

Sphenoid sinusitis is the inflammation of the sphenoid sinuses, which are located in the middle of the head and between the eyes. This condition is known as isolated sphenoid sinusitis when the inflammation is limited to the sphenoid cavities.

What is the difference between acute and chronic sphenoid sinusitis?

Chronic sphenoid sinusitis is identified when the inflammation of the infected area persists for more than a period of 12 weeks.

What are the potential complications of untreated sphenoid sinusitis?

Untreated sphenoid sinusitis may cause severe complications, such as neurological symptoms, abscesses in the brain, and meningitis.

What is the prevalence of isolated sphenoid sinusitis?

Isolated sphenoid sinusitis occurs in only about 2.7% of reported sinus infections.

Can sphenoid sinusitis affect multiple sinuses?

Yes, sphenoid sinusitis can affect multiple sinuses, such as the ethmoid air cells or the maxillary sinuses.

Where are the sphenoid sinuses located?

The sphenoid sinuses are located in the middle of the head, just behind the nose and between the eyes.

Symptoms of Sphenoid Sinusitis

The symptoms can vary slightly depending on whether the condition is acute (short-term) or chronic (long-term). In general, though, the following symptoms are common:

● Headaches of various intensities, usually unresponsive to analgesics. Headaches are the most common symptom affecting 80% of cases .

● Mucus discharge

● Pain in the face and head

● Pressure and pain around the eyes

● Visual deterioration due to inflammation involving the optic nerve

● Weakened sense of smell due to mucus build-up

What Causes Sphenoid Sinusitis

Sphenoid sinusitis may develop as a complication of upper respiratory tract infections, bacterial sinusitis, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, or fungal sinusitis. Acute sphenoid sinusitis is associated with bacterial infections, such as Haemophilus influenzae , Moraxella catarrhalis , and Streptococcus pneumoniae (strep throat).

Fungal infections or colonization are another potential cause that can affect the sphenoid sinuses. Commonly called a fungal ball, these type of sphenoid sinusitis arises from tissue reaction to fungal exposure.

How to Treat Sphenoid Sinusitis

Sphenoid sinusitis is treated through medications and surgery . Sphenoid sinusitis usually develops as a complication of upper respiratory tract infections. The disease requires nasal endoscopy and sometimes advanced imaging techniques for diagnosis. Based on the symptoms and complications, your doctor can prescribe you a CT or MRI scan for an accurate diagnosis.

A nebulizer can treat many sphenoid sinusitis symptoms like postnasal drip or nasal congestion. They moisturize and provide relief from pain and irritation. Systemic or topical decongestants, hot fermentation, steam inhalation, and steroid nasal sprays can also help the situation.

Based on the symptoms and the diagnosis, your doctor may also prescribe antibiotics because it often involves infection with bacteria. It's essential to take this medication exactly as prescribed by your doctor because it has serious side effects if it isn't used correctly. However, if your symptoms do not improve after taking these medications for a few weeks, your doctor may recommend surgical treatments. Sometimes the condition may require urgent surgery when there is cranial nerve involvement.

The least invasive procedure for treating sphenoid sinusitis is a lavage of the sphenoid sinus. The sphenoid sinus is accessed via a natural opening, and the infection-causing contents can be flushed out.

Endoscopic transnasal sphenoidotomy is one of the most reliable surgical procedures and is considered the gold standard for treating chronic sphenoid sinusitis. The endoscopic method aids better visualization and has faster healing and a higher success rate. Microscopic sphenoidotomy and balloon-assisted endoscopic sphenoidotomy are other methods to treat sphenoid sinusitis surgically. A sphenoidotomy aims to improve sinus drainage and reduce pressure on your optic nerve (which could cause vision problems). It can be done by removing bone or tissue, blocking the sinus openings, or widening them.

How to Prevent Sphenoid Sinusitis

To prevent sphenoid sinusitis and reduce the risk of developing an isolated sphenoid sinus infection, it is important to take certain measures to maintain a healthy and well-functioning nose. Here are some effective ways to prevent sphenoid sinusitis:

1. Reduce exposure to harmful bacteria, viruses, allergens, and other triggers that may irritate and inflame the sinus cavities. Avoid smoke, fumes, and other airborne irritants that can potentially aggravate the sinuses.

2. Consider gently cleaning your nostrils with saline solutions or a nasal rinse. This helps remove trapped particles, pollutants, and allergens, reducing the chances of sinus infections.

3. Take necessary precautions to prevent allergies, as allergic reactions can lead to sinusitis. If you have known allergies, follow appropriate prevention routines such as avoiding allergens and taking prescribed medications or immunotherapy.

4. When necessary, wear a mask to protect yourself from exposure to airborne irritants, particularly in environments with high levels of pollutants, dust, or allergens.

5. If you experience persistent sinus issues, seek medical attention. If symptoms persist for 3 to 5 days without improvement, consult a doctor for proper evaluation and treatment.

If you are facing any discomfort in breathing or experiencing any symptoms stated above, it is best to consult a doctor immediately. Regardless of the state and complexity of your problem, Dr. Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH , a top endoscopic sinus surgeon, will comprehensively assess your situation and provide you with the best possible treatment. Call 502-894-8441 or click here to book an appointment.

Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH

Father. Husband. Sinusitis Nerd.

Do You Need Treatment for a Tear Duct Obstruction?

Tue, 13 Sep 2022 15:45:00 GMT

Your tears drain through a tiny opening in the corner of your eyes that connects to your facial bones and your nose. After draining through the opening, they pass through your nose, and your body eventually absorbs and disposes of them.

However, sometimes, the nasal passageways through which your tears drain can be blocked. When you have a clogged tear duct, your tears will stay in your eyes, leading to watery, itchy, and irritated eyes.

Depending on the cause of the obstruction, you might need to undergo treatment to effectively remove the blockage. There are various ways to treat tear duct obstruction , such as:

Medication

If your doctor suspects an infection is causing an obstruction, they may prescribe antibiotic eyedrops or pills to help clear the passageways.

Dilation, Flushing, and Probing

This is a procedure where your doctor enlarges the openings at the corners of your eyes and inserts a dilation instrument or a small probe into the tear duct. The probe helps to irrigate or flush out the tear duct, thus providing temporary relief to the patient.

Intubation or Stenting

During this procedure, your doctor inserts a small, hollow tube called a stent into your tear ducts. These tubes pass through your tear ducts and into your nose, allowing your tears to drain properly.

The tubes are usually made of silicone or polyurethane and are left in place for about three to four months. You will even be able to see a small portion of the tube in the corners of your eyes.

This procedure is performed using general anesthesia, and one of its possible complications is inflammation caused by the presence of the tube.

Sinus Surgery and Septoplasty Surgery

Sometimes the tear duct is clogged from inside the nose. The opening of the nasolacrimal duct is in the nose, just under the inferior turbinate. The structures of the nose and sinuses or inflammation from sinusitis or nasal polyps can contribute to blockage of the tear duct, leading to excess tearing. Sinus surgery or surgically correcting anatomic issues of the nose can help in relieve your excessive tearing (epiphora).

Dacryocystorhinostomy

When other less-invasive treatments don’t help clear the obstructions, your doctor might suggest surgical options to remove them. A dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) is an outpatient surgical procedure that creates a new route that helps drain your tears into your nose.

During this procedure, your surgeon makes an incision on the side of your nose, close to your lacrimal sac, and connects it to your nasal cavity by placing a stent in the passageway. Endoscopic techniques can be performed without the need of external incisions. Often, a stent is placed to hold the new route open and ensure that your tears drain effectively. Your surgeon will remove the stents in three to four months.

Talk to a trusted rhinologist about whether you need to undergo treatment for obstructed tear ducts. A sinus specialist like Dr. Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH , will be able to provide an accurate diagnosis of your condition and determine a suitable treatment plan for you. Dr. Higgins is a fellowship-trained sinus surgeon and rhinologist who runs the premier sinus clinic in Louisville, Kentucky. You can call him at 502-894-8441 or contact him online !

Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH

Father. Husband. Sinusitis Nerd.

How Do You Know If You Have Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea?

Thu, 25 Aug 2022 12:00:01 GMT

Have you experienced having a clear nasal drip like a constant runny nose, a running nose like water or a yellow watery liquid from nose NHS when bending over to pick up something? While your instinct might be to dismiss it as general nasal discharge or simply a yellow liquid dripping from nose that can be treated by cold or allergy medicine, this may not always be the case. Instead of ignoring a chronic runny nose or persistent runny nose, you need to remember that In some cases, the liquid coming out of your nose could be because you have a cerebrospinal fluid leak and not allergic rhinitis or any regular nasal symptoms.

This article explains what cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea is, its causes, and most importantly, how you can tell if you’re experiencing it, like when you bend over and nose drips. Continue reading if you’d like to learn more.

What Is Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea?

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea is a rare condition that occurs when the fluid surrounding your brain and spinal cord leaks through your nose or nasal passages. Spontaneous CSF leaks or cerebrospinal fluid leaks usually occur in people over the age of 30 or those who have been assigned female at birth.

A minor CSF yellow fluid leaking from nose or yellow liquid from nose like water, may not always be a cause for alarm. However, in some cases, when the leak is large enough, in the guise of a leak of yellow watery liquid from one nostril, it could lead to severe symptoms that hinder your everyday life and functioning.

Healthcare experts are unsure about how common CSF leaks are as they can be tricky to diagnose. Sometimes, people with CSF leaks can also receive a misdiagnosis , where a doctor can misinterpret their symptoms to indicate some other condition such as allergies, migraines, or sinus viral or bacterial infections.

What Causes CSF Rhinorrhea?

Most CSF leaks occur because of injuries, while in some cases, they can happen spontaneously for unknown reasons. CSF rhinorrhea commonly occurs as a result of head trauma, which includes injuries to your face, head, neck, or spine.

It could also occur as a result of intracranial surgery, or due to medical procedures on or around your spine. If you’ve recently experienced penetrating injuries such as gunshot wounds or stab wounds, they could also cause a tear to leak CSF.

How to Tell If You Have CSF Rhinorrhea?

One place from which cerebrospinal fluid can leak are through your nose and sinuses. This kind of brain fluid leak can cause a runny nose (also called rhinorrhea). Your nasal discharge will be in the form of a thin, clear liquid.

You may be able to tell the difference between a CSF leak and a general runny nose by the look and texture of the nasal discharge. Try wiping your nose on a handkerchief; nasal mucus is often thick, but CSF is very thin. If you experience a gushing runny nose when you bend over to pick something up or are tying your shoes, that’s also an indication of a CSF leak.

If you’re unsure about whether your rhinorrhea is caused by a CSF leak or a common cold, we recommend consulting an expert. A sinus specialist like Dr. Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH , will be able to help determine the cause of your symptoms and determine a suitable treatment plan. Dr. Higgins is a fellowship-trained sinus surgeon and rhinologist who runs the premier sinus clinic in Louisville, Kentucky. You can call him at 502-894-8441 or contact him online !

Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH

Father. Husband. Sinusitis Nerd.

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4 Causes of a Runny Nose with Treatment Options

Tue, 16 Aug 2022 16:00:00 GMT

A runny nose is a problem we have likely all had; it is when mucus, a runny fluid produced by our nasal mucosa membrane, is being discharged through our nose. It usually happens due to inflammation or irritation of the nasal passage which then leads to increased mucus production. A runny nose, or rhinorrhea, can be caused by many factors such as the common cold, allergies, or inflammation of the sinuses.

This article will discuss a few of those causes.

1. Nasal Polyps AKA NP (NOT Shorthand for No Problem)

Smooth, asymptomatic, benign growths on the lining of your sinuses or nasal passageways are known as nasal polyps. The growths are sac-like, mobile, and unpainful, though they may occasionally cause facial discomfort. They are brought on by persistent inflammation and are typically linked to conditions including asthma, recurrent infections, allergies, medication sensitivity, or specific autoimmunity conditions.

Treatment

Nasal polyps should be reduced or eliminated throughout treatment. First and foremost, medication is usually the best course of action. Although surgery is sometimes required, recurrent polyps might not be permanently cured by it.

2. Allergic Rhinitis - “The Ohio Valley Crud”

Allergic Rhinitis AKA The Ohio Valley Crud is caused by an allergic reaction when the body’s immune system recognizes and overreacts to an allergen such as pollen, dust, mold, or pet dander. The nasal membranes get inflamed causing sneezing, nasal congestion, nasal itching, watery eyes, and runny nose, in any combination.

Treatment

Managing allergic rhinitis consists of allergen avoidance which includes wearing medical masks and keeping exposure to a minimum. Depending on the symptoms, your allergist, ENT, or a primary care physician will prescribe antihistamines, decongestants, or nasal corticosteroid sprays. For severe cases or poor response to other management options, immunotherapy including allergy shots or allergy drops may be considered. Procedures for runny nose are also available, including Clarifix cryotherapy of the nose and RhinAer for chronic rhinitis .

3. Vasomotor Rhinitis - “The Old Man Tissue Issue”

Vasomotor rhinitis develops due to the dilation of blood vessels in your nose. Swelling caused due to the growth of the blood vessels can lead to congestion. While the cause of the dilation of blood vessels inside the nose is still unknown, some common triggers include environmental irritants like perfumes, smog, or smoke; changing weather conditions; viral infections like the common cold or flu; and certain medications like ibuprofen, aspirin, sedatives, and antidepressants.

Vasomotor Rhinitis does not pose any serious risks; however, it does cause a high level of discomfort and can affect your daily life.

Treatment

For nonallergic rhinitis, there is not a known cure; most people take care of the symptoms with self-care, trying to identify triggers, and proper medication. Nonallergic rhinitis due to a viral infection usually heals by itself. If you know your symptoms are triggered by exposure to perfumes or odors, it is best to avoid exposure to these substances.

Other methods of clearing your nose and nasal cavities include rinsing your nasal passages with a saline solution to clear your nose of irritants. Medicated nasal sprays are often prescribed to reduce nasal inflammation and keep the symptoms in control.

Procedures focused on decreasing activity of the posterior nasal nerve are also available, including Clarifix , RhinAer , and posterior nasal neurectomy (vivian neurectomy) .

4. CSF Leak - “The Brain Fluid Horror Show”

The release of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that surrounds the brain and spinal cord is termed a CSF leak. Any disruption in the membrane that surrounds the brain and spinal cord can lead to leakage of CSF. When that happens, the pressure around the brain and spinal cord drops. About 90% of the time, CSF leaks are caused by injury. The other 10% of the time the leak happens spontaneously or the cause is unknown.

Treatment

Many cases can improve themselves after a period of bed rest. The leak can be improved by drinking more fluids, especially beverages with caffeine or salt, which may relieve headache pain.

A “blood patch” may sometimes be used to close the hole. In most cases, this makes relieves symptoms, but in rare cases, surgery is required to repair the tear in the dura and stop the headache. If symptoms of infection (fever, chills, mental changes) are present, antibiotics should be used to treat them.

Final Words

If you have been dealing with a runny nose lately, it might be time to book an appointmen t with a sinus specialist like Dr. Thomas S. Higgins to ensure that your runny nose isn’t a sign of something more serious. Dr. Higgins is a fellowship-trained sinus surgeon and rhinologist who runs the premier sinus clinic in Louisville, Kentucky. You can call him at 502-894-8441 or contact him online !

Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH

Father. Husband. Sinusitis Nerd.

Struggling with your Smell? This Could Be a Sign of Sinusitis

Wed, 03 Aug 2022 15:45:00 GMT

Sinusitis can be a complex issue to deal with. It can be caused by a wide variety of factors and can produce a diverse range of symptoms. Sinusitis can be caused by the common cold, allergic reactions, nasal polyps, or respiratory infections. Depending on the severity of the sinusitis, symptoms can include inflammation, nasal discharge, postnasal drip, pain around your face, ear pain, and even bad breath.

One common symptom you might not expect to be a result of sinusitis is a loss of smell. This article will go into detail about what sinusitis is, how it can affect your sense of smell, and some ways that you can treat it.

What is Sinusitis?

At its most simple, sinusitis is the inflammation of the tissues lining the sinuses. Your sinuses are cavities near your nose that are filled with air. They help to humidify the air that you breathe, and they also help with the production of nitric oxide which increases oxygen absorption in the lungs.

Sinusitis can be acute, subacute, chronic, or recurrent. That is, symptoms can occur for just a few weeks, or they can last for over two months and reoccur frequently. Sinusitis is diagnosed by taking culture samples from the nose, sinus X-rays, CT scans, or blood tests.

Sinusitis and Smell

Because sinusitis can be caused by a number of factors, it can also affect your smell in several ways. The inflammation caused by sinusitis can cause our olfactory receptors to be affected and impaired. This can in turn affect your sense of taste. This inflammation can also cause a stuffy nose which is another way it can affect your sense of smell.

Additionally, sinusitis can lead to foul-smelling discharge coming from your nose and sinuses. This can cause bad breath and can also affect your sense of smell. If you are having issues with your sense of smell it might be worth it to consult a medical professional and get tested for sinusitis.

What You Can Do

Sinusitis can lead to major discomfort for people who suffer from it, so it is important to try and get it under control quickly. While sinusitis treatments will differ for each patient based on age, other medical conditions, and the initial cause of the sinusitis, some treatments include pain medication, nose drops, antibiotics, or even surgery in some severe cases.

It is important to ensure that you are well informed about your condition and that you get the right tests done to ensure that your recovery is quick and smooth.

If you have been dealing with sinusitis or loss of smell lately, it might be time to book an appointment with a sinus specialist like Dr. Thomas S. Higgins . Dr. Higgins is a fellowship-trained sinus surgeon and rhinologist who runs the premier sinus clinic in Louisville, Kentucky. You can call him at 502-894-8441 or contact him online !

Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH

Father. Husband. Sinusitis Nerd.

What You Need to Know About Monkeypox

Tue, 19 Jul 2022 12:00:01 GMT

As COVID-19 slowly fades from being the most talked about topic in the media, we have begun to accept the virus as endemic and have finally gained some relief after a multi-year pandemic. So, when Monkeypox started making headlines in May 2022, it brought about fears that there might be more lockdowns in store for us. Thankfully, the World Health Organization has stated that the current risk for the general public is low. This article will look at just what monkeypox is, and why the risk remains low. It will also dispel some common misconceptions about monkeypox, and highlight some things that can help to keep you safe.

What Monkeypox Is

Monkeypox is a virus related to smallpox that can occur in both humans and some animals, including rodents and monkeys. It was first discovered in 1970. The virus’s symptoms include fever, swollen lymph nodes, and a rash that forms blisters and then crusts over.

Symptoms usually appear 5 to 21 days after exposure to the virus and typically last for 2 to 4 weeks. Cases are most severe in children, pregnant women, and people with compromised or suppressed immune systems. Monkeypox is spread through close skin-to-skin contact, including sexual contact.

There are two main strains of Monkeypox: The West African type and the Congo Basin type. All cases in the 2022 outbreak have been classified as the West African type, which has a far lower mortality rate.

What Monkeypox Isn’t

The monkeypox virus can be spread to anyone through close skin-to-skin contact. The virus is also not thought to be as big of a threat as COVID-19. While any virus carries with it a risk, research suggests that monkeypox doesn’t spread as easily and is less deadly. Furthermore, the virus is not new. It has been well-researched and people who have been vaccinated against smallpox have shown some resistance to it .

What You Should Do About It

If you have a suppressed immune system or you are part of an at-risk population, you should thoroughly monitor your symptoms and isolate if you have any. Furthermore, you should avoid skin-to-skin contact and avoid sexual contact with those who have symptoms or have been in close contact with those who have symptoms.

Additionally, vaccines for monkeypox have had limited availability in North America; if you are part of a high-risk group for monkeypox, you should get in contact with your local health care professionals to learn more about how you can receive the vaccine.

It is also important to keep on top of the latest information on monkeypox in your area. Lastly, remember that it is never okay to stigmatize people because of a disease.

If you have concerns about your sinus health, book an appointment with Dr. Thomas Higgins, MD, MSPH , in Louisville, KY.

Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH

Father. Husband. Sinusitis Nerd.

Could Nucala Help With Your Nasal Polyps?

Wed, 29 Jun 2022 15:45:00 GMT

Nasal Polyps are a common condition linked to issues like chronic sinusitis and rhinosinusitis. They are small growths of tissues on the lining or sides of your nasal passages. Doctors typically use drugs in the form of injections or nasal sprays to shrink nasal polyps and reduce the swelling or pain, if any.

While these soft, non-cancerous growths are usually harmless, doctors may recommend surgery when other treatment options don't work. Recently the FDA approved Nucala (a monoclonal antibody) as an add-on treatment for Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps (CRSwNP). But could Nucala actually be used to treat nasal polyps? Let’s find out.

About Nacula and How It Works

Mepolizumab or Nucala is essentially the first biologic approved by the FDA for patients with CRSwNP in the US. The monoclonal antibody was first approved for the treatment of eosinophilic asthma in children between the ages of six and eleven before it was approved for the treatment of CRSwNP in 2021. The FDA approval is based on numerous studies conducted on children, adolescents, and adults under clinically safe, well-organized conditions. The studies prove that the safety profile of Nucala is the same in pediatric patients between the ages 6 and 11 as it was for patients older than 11.

Nucala can inhibit interleukin-5, produced by Type-2 T helper cells and mast cells. CRSwNP is linked to high levels of interleukin-5, among other type 2 inflammatory cytokines. These issues are also associated with the eosinophilic tissue, which secretes type-2 inflammatory mediators.

Could Nucala Help with Nasal Polyps?

Among all patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), about 25–30% have CRSwNP. It is generally caused by tissue inflammation due to rising levels of eosinophils .

CRSwNP can lead to issues like nasal obstruction and nasal discharge. The condition is primarily associated with increased levels of IL-5 and is characterized as a type-2 inflammation. Since Nucala effectively helps inhibit IL-5, it would be safe to say that the biologic does help with Nasal Polyps .

Safety Information for Nucala

While Nucala is generally considered safe for treatments related to eosinophilia and rhinosinusitis, there are some safety considerations you should pay attention to.

Nucala is not recommended for people with hypersensitivity issues. If you suspect you are experiencing a hypersensitive reaction like bronchospasm or hypotension after administration of Nucala, you may have to discontinue the treatment and consult your doctor.
While Nucala is now used extensively for the treatment of eosinophilic asthma, it does not work for status asthmaticus .
Some patients who used the medication reported having experienced Herpes Zoster infections and other similar complications.
Nucala is typically not used to treat sudden respiratory issues and breathing problems.

Nasal polyps are associated with several conditions like infections, asthma, immune disorders, and aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease .

A sinus specialist can give you insight into whether Nucala is the right treatment option for you. So, if you are dealing with nasal polyps or have further questions on the efficacy of Nucala for the treatment of nasal polyps, book an appointment with Dr. Thomas Higgins . Dr. Higgins is a fellowship-trained sinus surgeon and rhinologist who runs the premier sinus clinic in Louisville, Kentucky. You can call him at 502-894-8441 or contact him online !

Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH

Father. Husband. Sinusitis Nerd.

5 Common Findings to Look For in a Sinus CT Scan

Tue, 14 Jun 2022 14:30:00 GMT

It can be frustrating to take antibiotic medications every time you develop a sinus infection. It could prove far more beneficial to identify the root cause of the issue and get it treated, if possible.

Sinus specialists, like myself, often recommend a sinus CT scan to identify the problem to help determine the appropriate treatment. CT scans are minimally-invasive and can accurately help doctors diagnose nose and sinus issues.

“If your scan shows ongoing issues, you can learn more about our treatment options for nasal polyps , chronic rhinitis , and sinus surgery .

1. Deviated Septum

The nasal septum has cartilage and bone that divide your nose's nasal cavity in two. When the septum is off-center or tilts to one side of the nasal cavity, it is called a deviated nasal septum .

In the case of a minor deviated septum, you may experience mild or no symptoms. However, if the septum has severely deviated, you may experience breathing difficulties, congestion, and discomfort. In such cases, you may need surgery to correct it.

2. Mucosal Thickening and Opacification

Mucosal thickening is an inflammatory reaction in your sinuses. It can be triggered by allergic reactions, infection, or nasal polyps . It may also lead to opacification in your sinuses and cause further complications. Therefore, a sinus CT scan is necessary to diagnose mucous thickening and opacification.

3. Mucous Retention Cysts, Mucoceles, and Nasal Polyps

Different kinds of masses can be found inside the nose and sinus. While some might be benign and not lead to complications, others might be the reason for r ecurrent sinus problems . Mucous retention cysts are fluid-filled benign cysts, often found in the maxillary sinus.

Mucoceles are thick liquid-filled walled-off sinus cells that can lead to complications such as compression of the eye and sinus headaches. I usually treat mucoceles with expanded endoscopic sinus surgery techniques that limit complications and decrease the risk of recurrence.

Nasal polyps are noncancerous growths that look like water-filled growths and generally do not cause pain. They result from sinus inflammation and could be the main reason for recurring sinus problems. Nasal polyps require expert management , often utilizing both surgical and medical therapies.

It is necessary to identify each type of cyst to prevent them from leading to further complications.

4. Ostiomeatal Complex Obstruction

The ostiomeatal complex (OMC) is a canal that connects the frontal sinus, anterior ethmoid air cells, and the maxillary sinus to the middle meatus, which helps in airflow and mucociliary drainage.

Chronic rhinosinusitis can lead to ostiomeatal complex obstruction, which means the drainage pathways of the sinuses are blocked. OMC occlusion is a reason for symptoms such as nasal congestion and may need to be resolved with sinus surgery.

5. Bony Thickening

Bony thickening of the sinus walls may be found in response to longstanding inflammation. This reactive process can narrow the sinus pathways and signal a need for intervention.

You can prevent sinusitis from recurring over and over by looking into the root cause of it. If you want to learn more about your sinusitis and available treatment options, get an appointmen t with Dr. Thomas Higgins, MD, MSPH , in Louisville, KY and Jeffersonville, IN.

Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH

Father. Husband. Sinusitis Nerd.

Could Trikafta® Help with Cystic Fibrosis Sinusitis?

Fri, 27 May 2022 16:15:01 GMT

Did you know that cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common lethal inherited disease in the Caucasian population, occurring in 1 in 20 newborns ? Most patients benefit from medical therapies like hypertonic saline, intravenous and topical/nebulized antibiotics, and pancreatic enzymes. These therapies have helped alleviate the symptoms of this condition and extend the expected life spans of CF patients.

While currently, there is no one cure for CF, research efforts to find solutions to ease symptoms are ongoing. In 2019, the FDA approved Trikafta®, the first triple combination therapy available to treat patients with the most common cystic fibrosis mutation.

Want to know more about Trikafta® and how it can help you? Keep reading!

What Is Cystic Fibrosis Sinusitis?

Cystic Fibrosis, also called CF, is an inherited disease affecting various parts of your body, including the sinuses, lungs, and the digestive tract. It’s caused by mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator gene (CFTR), which results in impaired ion transport.

Your sinuses have glands that produce mucus, and it’s essential for the mucus to be kept hydrated. However, cystic fibrosis sinusitis hinders your body from producing the protein that keeps the mucus hydrated. Thick and sticky mucus can be hard to clear, resulting in inflammation and infection in your sinuses.

Nearly all people with CF develop chronic rhino-sinusitis (CRS), and your symptoms can worsen CF-related lung disease.

What Are the Symptoms of Cystic Fibrosis Sinusitis?

While some people with CF can be asymptomatic, here are some of the commonly observed symptoms of CF:

● Anosmia or loss of smell

● Headache

● Facial pain or pressure

● Nasal obstruction or chronic congestion

● Nasal discharge

● Severe bad breath

● Nasal polyps

What Is TRIKAFTA®? How Can it Help?

Trikafta® is a prescription medicine used to treat cystic fibrosis (CF) in patients aged six years or older. Consider this treatment if you have the F508del mutation in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene (CFTR).

Trikafta® is a combination of three drugs (elexacaftor/ivacaftor/tezacaftor) that target the defective CFTR protein. It improves the functioning of the protein made by the CFTR gene mutation. Talk to a trusted healthcare expert about Trikafta® to learn if you could benefit from this treatment.

Precautions to Follow

Bear the following in mind if you’re considering Trikafta® as a potential treatment to treat your cystic fibrosis sinusitis.

● If you’re breastfeeding, pregnant, or planning to get pregnant in the near future, note that we don’t know if the treatment could harm an unborn baby or if the drug can pass into your breast milk. Talk to a trusted professional before you decide to undergo this treatment plan.

● Don’t take Trikafta® if you take antibiotics such as rifampin (RIFAMATE®, RIFATER®) or rifabutin (MYCOBUTIN®). Also, don’t consider it if you consume seizure medicines such as phenobarbital, carbamazepine (TEGRETOL®, CARBATROL®, EQUETRO®), or phenytoin (DILANTIN®, PHENYTEK®).

If you need help with cystic fibrosis sinusitis, talk to an experienced sinus specialist (Rhinologist) in Louisville, KY, and Jeffersonville, IN. Call or message us today to see Dr. Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH . He specializes in cystic fibrosis nose and sinus conditions, so you can know you are receiving the best course of treatment.

Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH

Father. Husband. Sinusitis Nerd.

Gefapixant - A Promising New Drug for Chronic Cough?

Mon, 18 Apr 2022 06:46:35 GMT

Chronic cough can have many causes, namely postnasal drips, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and even some infections. Blood pressure-controlling ACE inhibitors could also cause chronic dry cough . The causes of some cases of chronic cough are sometimes even unexplained, but they can significantly lower patients' quality of life.

No matter what is causing your chronic cough, there’s good news! Read on to learn more about Gefapixant, a promising new drug for chronic cough.

What is Gefapixant?

Gefapixant is an oral selective P2X3 receptor antagonist that is being studied for the treatment of refractory or unexplained persistent cough. P2X3 receptors are a type of receptor found on sensory nerve fibres in the airway lining, particularly C fibres.

Gefapixant has shown promising results in clinical studies for patients with chronic cough. It is a first-in-class non-narcotic medication that is proving to be great news for those with persistent and stubborn coughs that just won’t go away.

How Does It Work?

According to the manufacturer, Mer ck , Gefapixant inhibits the activity of one of the receptors (a set of substances found at nerve endings) and thereby reduces nerve impulse transmission to the cough centres.

The Study

The t ria l was sponsored by Merck and involved 253 participants of American and British origin. All of them had suffered from a chronic cough that had lasted for an average of 15 years.

Three-quarters of the patients were female, and the majority (70 percent) had never smoked. The average age of the patients was 60 years.

For three months, the patients were given either a placebo or gefapixant twice a day. The medication was administered in one of three doses: 7.5 milligrams (mg), 20 milligrams (mg), or 50 milligrams (mg), depending on the severity of their condition.

Everyone was required to keep a "cough journal," as well as wear a gadget that monitored their coughing over the course of a 24-hour period.

The Results

It was found that patients coughed roughly 24 to 29 times per hour before the research began. However, following the study period, patients in the placebo group coughed 18 times per hour, compared to 11 coughs per hour in the 50 mg gefapixant group—a difference of 37%!

It is also to be noted that patients in the 7.5 mg and 20 mg gefapixant groups coughed less than those in the placebo group, but the changes were not statistically significant.

The only noteworthy side effect seemed to be a change in the sense of taste.

The Conclusion

While the Japan Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare approved Gefapixant 45 mg tablets for individuals with a refractory or unexplained chronic cough in January, the drug is already in phase 3 of trials in the US. The FDA has even accepted a review for its approval!

When this goes through, it will be a breakthrough drug for treating chronic cough, as previously, only narcotic cough suppressants were effective at this!

For more information on chronic cough and your options of treatment, schedule a visit with us.

Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH

Father. Husband. Sinusitis Nerd.

How to Tell the Difference between COVID-19 and Sinus Infections?

Mon, 18 Apr 2022 06:43:42 GMT

Given the current global pandemic, it’s easy for you to panic over a cold or a stuffy nose and assume that you have COVID-19. However, in reality, you may just be experiencing a sinus infection. Sinus infections and COVID-19 have overlapping symptoms that can make it hard to determine which of the two you have.

This article can help you determine if you have a sinus infection or COVID-19. Keep reading to know more.

Sinus Infection vs. COVID-19

In recent months, you may have thought that symptoms of COVID-19 seem very similar to symptoms of a sinus infection. And while they do share common symptoms, they are not the same illnesses.

A sinus infection occurs when excess fluid builds up in your sinuses, causing bacteria and germs to multiply. If you’re recovering from a cold, have a weak immune system or seasonal allergies, or have been exposed to smoke, you can experience a sinus infection.

COVID-19, on the other hand, is a viral illness caused by exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 virus. While sinus infections pose no cause for alarm, if you have COVID-19, it’s necessary to isolate yourself from the public and focus on recovery. Different people respond differently to the virus, with some facing mild illness while others become seriously ill and need to be hospitalized.

How to Differentiate between COVID-19 & Sinus Infection?

1. Which Symptoms Do You Have?

COVID-19 and sinus infections share common symptoms, such as fever, cough, runny or stuffy nose, fatigue, headache, and sore throat.

However, sinus infections have other symptoms that do not overlap with COVID-19 symptoms. Some of them are:

Sinus pain or pressure felt around the forehead and upper cheeks
Postnasal drip
Differently-colored nasal drainage
Toothache
Bad breath

Similarly, COVID-19 also has unique symptoms that don’t overlap with sinus infections. If you experience shortness of breath, body aches and pains, have lost your sense of smell or taste, or have digestive troubles such as nausea and diarrhea, chances are you have COVID-19 and not a sinus infection.

2. When Do the Symptoms First Appear?

After exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 virus, COVID-19 symptoms gradually develop anywhere between 2 to 14 days. Symptoms of a sinus infection develop suddenly, especially if you’re recovering from a viral illness like the flu.

Unless you have seasonal allergies that act up in the spring, you’re more likely to get a sinus infection during the fall and winter months, when viruses are in high circulation. You can get COVID-19 during any time of the year.

3. How Long Do They Last?

Depending on the severity of your condition, COVID-19 lasts for about a week or two after exposure to the virus. However, some symptoms such as cough or the loss of smell can temporarily linger after COVID-19. A sinus infection usually clears up within two to three weeks.

If this list doesn’t help you categorize your symptoms or ease your anxieties, you can always take an at-home COVID-19 test. You can also contact a sinus specialist, like Dr. Higgins, for some professional advice. If you have a sinus condition caused by allergies, nasal obstruction, or frequent sinus infections, book an appointment with Dr. Thomas S. Higgins ! He’s a fellowship-trained sinus surgeon and rhinologist who runs the premier sinus clinic in Louisville, Kentucky. You can call him at 502-894-8441 or contact him online !

Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH

Father. Husband. Sinusitis Nerd.

5 Situations Where Sinus Surgery May Be Necessary

Sun, 10 Apr 2022 16:30:03 GMT

Residents in Louisville, KY with breathing difficulties will be happy to hear relief does exist. We're not talking about traditional nasal sprays or antibiotics, but sinus surgery. This procedure is quick and straightforward and can successfully address a number of concerns. And after, we'll simply perform a follow-up visit to clear your nasal passages, meaning there will be little disruption to your daily routine.

5 Situations Where Sinus Surgery May Be Necessary in Louisville, KY

1. Chronic Sinusitis

Chronic sinusitis is characterized by long-lasting inflammation and infection. It lingers for an indefinite period of time, usually longer than 12 weeks. This is different from recurrent sinusitis, in which a person experiences four or more bouts of sinusitis in one year with symptom-free periods in between. With chronic sinusitis, the symptoms never really go away.

The sinuses are four paired spaces near the top of the head connected by narrow channels. They create thin mucus that typically drains out of the nose's channels. When working properly, this system works to keep the nose clean and free of bacteria. But the sinuses can become infected when they get blocked and then fill with fluid. This is known as sinusitis and can be caused by many different factors, including:

Bacterial, viral, or fungal infections
Blocked airways from asthma or allergies
Abnormal nasal structures, such as a deviated septum
A weak immune system

When Routine Treatment Doesn't Work

Various treatments are available for Louisville, KY, patients with chronic sinusitis. To illustrate, daily saline irrigation with topical cortical steroid therapy is often the first line of defense in treating chronic sinusitis. Allergy medications and nasal corticosteroids offer alternative therapies. But when these options prove ineffective, sinus surgery can offer much-needed relief by recreating functional sinus cavities.

2. Severe Nasal Polyps

Nasal polyps develop inside the nose or sinuses and form as soft, swollen, sac-like growths of inflamed tissues. In normal circumstances, the sinuses are fairly open to allow for proper draining, but nasal polyps can grow big enough to block them. This makes breathing difficult and can lead to additional complications like postnasal drip, congestion, and a loss of smell.

Nasal polyps grow as a subgroup of chronic rhinosinusitis, in which both the nasal cavity and sinuses remain consistently swollen (inflamed) for more than four weeks. True nasal polyps are fairly common and not cancerous - almost anyone can develop them. Problems arise when the polyps continue to multiply and increase in size.

The Culprits Behind Nasal Polyps

Polyps are tricky to understand, and researchers continue to study them. We do know underlying tissue inflammation plays some role. Nasal polyps also tend to be more prevalent in people with:

Aspirin sensitivity
Asthma
Chronic sinus infections
Hay fever
Cystic fibrosis

Certain genes may additionally contribute, especially those that factor into immune system development and inflammatory responses. In other words, you may be more vulnerable to nasal polyps if other family members also have them. Routine treatments include antibiotics, antihistamines, and daily sinus rinsing. But symptoms can still persist even with treatment, and it is then that surgery may be necessary.

3. Abnormal Nasal or Sinus Structure

Some people are born with nasal abnormalities, such as a cleft palate or overall weakness in the structure of the nose. Other patients develop abnormalities with time. The aging process, for example, can cause dropping that gives way to breathing obstructions as the sides of the nose collapse inward. Additional nasal abnormalities include enlarged adenoids that can block the airway and cause sleep apnea.

A deviated septum is another abnormality. The septum is a wall of cartilage that separates your nasal passages and can be malformed from birth or become bent from trauma. Saddle nose is associated with certain diseases and trauma and refers to an extremely flat or concave bridge. Finally, the turbinates on the side of each nostril can become swollen. These clean the air before it enters the lungs, but when enlarged, the turbinates can interfere with breathing.

Treatment Options

Traditional treatments include decongestants, antihistamines, and steroid sprays. But sinus surgery provides a more permanent solution for residents in Louisville, KY, especially if over-the-counter options don't work. A rhinoplasty can reshape the nose to improve nasal function, while a septoplasty can straighten the septum. Likewise, a closed reduction repairs a broken nose without surgery but typically needs to be completed within a week after trauma.

4. An Infection That Spread to the Bone

Most sinus infections resolve themselves in a week or two. But in rare cases, serious and potentially life-threatening complications may arise. The thin sinus walls share a border with many surrounding tissues, including the brain, eyes, major blood vessels, and major nerves. This opens the door for a sinus infection to occasionally spread beyond the border of the sinuses, including into the surrounding bone.

Both recurrent sinusitis and chronic sinus infections can spread and enter the frontal bone of the skull that occupies the forehead region. Sinuses lie on either side of the face in this area, above the eyebrows. When these spaces become infected, the bacteria can migrate and cause frontal bone osteomyelitis.

What Is Osteomyelitis?

Osteomyelitis refers to a bone infection and can disrupt blood circulation within the affected bone. Once blood flow stops, bone can die and must then be surgically removed for antibiotics to work effectively.

Frontal bone osteomyelitis often presents the same symptoms as meningitis, including sudden high-grade fever, drowsiness, and neck stiffness. It's crucial to distinguish between the two conditions, however, to develop the proper treatment plan.

5. The Detection of Cancer Within the Sinus Cavity

Paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancers belong to the broader family of head and neck cancers. Either of these cancers can develop when different types of cells within the nose multiply and become malignant. The most common type of paranasal sinus and nasal cavity cancers is squamous cell carcinoma. It forms in the thin, flat cells lining the insides of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity.

Certain risk factors increase your chances of developing squamous cell carcinoma, including being male and older than 40 years, infected with human papillomavirus (HPV), and smoking. Exposure to certain workplace chemicals or dust also contribute. This exposure most commonly accompanies jobs in:

Sawmill work
Furniture-making
Woodworking
Metal plating
Shoemaking
Flour mill or bakery work

Signs of Paranasal Sinus and Nasal Cavity Cancers

Symptoms of cancer often mimic those of other health concerns as well. A runny nose and nosebleeds, for instance, can point to a variety of ailments. Additional signs to watch for include:

Blocked sinuses that do not clear
Sinus pressure
Headaches
Pain in the sinus area
A lump or sore inside the nose that doesn't heal
A lump on the face or roof of the mouth
Numbness or tingling in the face
Pain in the upper teeth
Pain or pressure in the ear
Double vision

T reatment With Surgery

Removing the cancer by surgery is one of the most common treatment options. Once all the cancer has been removed, some patients may also be given chemotherapy or radiation therapy to kill any remaining cancerous cells. This helps reduce the likelihood the cancer will return.

Today, nasal operations are much safer and more comfortable than in years past. The endoscope has largely contributed to this, in which a small camera is gently guided into the nasal passages. This allows us to precisely perform surgery without making incisions in the skin, thereby leading to a shorter recovery time without black eyes or other unwanted changes to your facial appearance. For more information, contact Kentuckiana Ear, Nose & Throat, PSC .

Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH

Father. Husband. Sinusitis Nerd.

Who Is a Good Candidate for Xolair?

Sat, 02 Apr 2022 16:25:12 GMT

Problems with your airways, lungs, and nose can be very distressing and trigger feelings of anxiety or panic. However, most problems such as asthma, chronic hives, and nasal polyps can be treated easily and effectively by an experienced Louisville, KY sinus specialist. One popular medication is called Xolair, and it can significantly reduce your symptoms and help you to function normally throughout the day.

The treatment works because it inhibits histamine, which is the compound that causes many of your distressing symptoms. Although it is safe and effective for adults and teenagers, your nose doctor will do some medical tests to make sure this is the right choice for you. Read on to find out more about it and to discover whether it could be a good fit.

What Conditions Does Xolair Treat?

Also called Omalizumab, this medicine treats a variety of conditions, most commonly asthma, chronic hives, and nasal polyps. It is designed to reduce allergic responses in the human body and can be given to adults or children over the age of twelve. Omalizumab is not designed to be used in emergencies, and it is instead meant as a regular medication that reduces the symptoms and prevents severe events from occurring in the first place.

The medicine works by preventing Immunoglobin E from binding to its receptors, which inhibits the release of a number of chemicals. One of these is histamine, which causes common symptoms of inflammation like itching, a runny nose, swelling, watery eyes, and difficulty breathing. Once it is administered, it should start working within around one hour.

Asthma

Asthma is a condition that affects a person's ability to breathe. It can occur at any age, and there are many people who start suffering in their childhood. While there is no cure yet, it can be managed effectively with medicines such as Omalizumab, and it isn't life-threatening. Most people will experience occasional issues such as wheezing, coughing, and a tight chest.

If you or your child has such symptoms, you should see a physician specializing in sinus and airway issues, such as Dr. Higgins, as soon as possible because there are several conditions that cause these problems, and it's important to get diagnosed.

Chronic Hives

Hives are red and itchy spots caused by a skin condition. They can appear and disappear over time and as the condition progresses, but if you haven't been able to get rid of them after six weeks, you are considered to have chronic hives. Again, this condition isn't life-threatening in most cases, but it can significantly affect your ability to function normally during the day and to sleep during the night.

If you suffer from a severe form of this disease, there might be swelling as well as itching, and if this occurs on or near the facial area, it can be dangerous because it can cause the inside of your throat to constrict. You might notice that the condition gets worse with stress, heat, or exercise. Again, you should speak to your sinus specialist if your hives persist for longer than a few weeks, and you might be able to find relief with a treatment such as Omalizumab.

Nasal Polyps

Sometimes, soft growths begin to appear on the inside of the nose. They may start out small, so you don't even notice them, but over time, they can become an issue, causing distressing symptoms such as a blocked or runny nose, a post-nasal drip that makes you want to constantly swallow, frequent nosebleeds, snoring, and a reduced sense of smell or taste.

At first, you may believe that you have simply caught a cold, but once you realize that your symptoms aren't getting any better, you need to visit your sinus specialist. They can do imaging studies to find out whether you are suffering from nasal polyps and then suggest some solutions. In addition to Omalizumab, you might also be offered surgical intervention and other types of medicine.

Do I Need a Prescription?

Xolair is not a pill or tablet, but instead, it is injected into your body every few weeks. As such, it has to be administered by a professional and cannot be bought at a pharmacy. This is good because your Louisville, KY nose doctor needs to evaluate whether you're a good fit first. They will start by diagnosing your condition and figuring out which treatments are an option. Then, they will most likely do some tests to rule out an allergic reaction.

Before starting you on Omalizumab, your specialist will also take a full medical history, so they have a better idea of what other conditions you have and what medicines you take that could interfere with the effectiveness of this treatment. Certain types of herbal supplements and over-the-counter drugs should be avoided to make sure Omalizumab is both safe and effective.

How Do I Take It?

As mentioned, the treatment will come in the form of an injection, so you will have to go to your sinus specialist's office on a regular basis for your dose. Depending on which condition you suffer from and how severe it is, you might be given one injection every two to four weeks. When you come to the clinic, you'll be able to have your treatment immediately, but Dr. Higgins might ask you to stay for a while afterward in order to monitor your reaction.

Since you've been tested for allergies before, this is just a precautionary measure because we prefer to be extra safe here at Higgins Sinus. You're unlikely to have an issue, and most people can leave and return to their normal activities after having their injection. As the treatment progresses, your nose doctor will regularly check your progress to make sure that the dosage is correct and that Omalizumab is having the desired effect.

How Can My Louisville, KY Nose Specialist Help?

If you or a member of your family starts to experience one of the symptoms listed above, you should visit a specialist who has the tools and knowledge to diagnose your condition. Dr. Higgins has worked with sinus issues for many years and will therefore be able to assess your condition quickly and suggest the relevant medicine. Although Omalizumab is a great option, he will do a full evaluation before suggesting it.

What's more, he might combine several different treatments in order to address both the causes and the symptoms of your problem. There are a number of minimally invasive types of surgeries and interventions now available, which can help you to get rid of nasal polyps for good. The best way to get started is to book your initial appointment and bring all relevant medical documents with you.

Asthma, chronic hives, and nasal polyps can affect the way you function, and in severe cases, they can restrict your breathing and therefore present a danger to your health. In Louisville, KY, we can help you to reduce the symptoms by offering you Xolair, an injectable medicine that blocks histamine and therefore reduces the issue.

Call or message us today at Higgins Sinus to book an appointment with our sinus specialist, Dr. Thomas S. Higgins. He specializes in these kinds of issues and can offer you the best course of treatment possible.

Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH

Father. Husband. Sinusitis Nerd.

Flonase or Nasacort: Which one is better?

thomas.h@clinicianbox.com (Thomas Higgins) — Sat, 15 Jan 2022 10:04:07 GMT

These two nasal steroid sprays are commonly given for allergies of the nose. Let's breakdown the difference between Flonase and Nasacort.

Two nasal steroid sprays, Flonase and Nasacort, recently went over-the-counter. They are now available to everyone without a prescription. So, just like the antihistamines (Zyrtec, Allegra, Claritin, etc.) several years ago, you now will need to stand in front of these two products with your hand on your chin wondering which spray should you get, more like Flonase vs Nasacort or Nasacort vs Flonase . Hence the question, which is the best steroid nasal spray for sinusitis? Hmm. Sometimes, you will have a doctor tell you his/her preference, but if you are like the majority of people, you have not really discussed this with the doctor. It is 10 o'clock at night on the weekend and you just want something to help you feel better with your allergic rhinitis.

So, you go online to search about it. Maybe ask yourself, does Flonase help sinus infection?

And it looks like you came across this article.

Good! Maybe I can shed some light on these products and help you make an informative choice.

1. Which Spray Went OTC First?

Among the two steroid nasal sprays, Nasacort was available over-the-counter first but Flonase quickly followed.

2. Which Spray Helps with the Most Symptoms?

Flonase. Both Nasacort and Flonase allergy relief sprays help with nasal allergy symptoms of runny nose, nasal congestion, and sneezing. The studies on Flonase showed an additional effect for eye-related symptoms, such as itchy, watery eyes.

3. Which Spray Lasts the Longest?

Both sprays provide 24-hour effectiveness and, in general, can be used once a day.

4. Which Spray Acts the Fastest?

Both sprays are best for continuous use and their maximal effect is not necessarily noticed immediately. Nasacort manufacturers report that symptom relief is noted within 24 hours with their medication.

5. Which Spray Has the Least Side Effects?

Both sprays have very low side effects. Most side effects are local adverse reactions, such as burning, irritation, and occasional nose bleeds. Flonase does have alcohol in its formulation, which may lead to a burning sensation.

6. Which Spray Has No Scent or Bad Taste?

Nasacort has been shown to have less scent and bad taste than Flonase.

7. Which Spray Can be Used in Children?

Both Nasacort and Flonase is indicated for use in children. Nasacort is approved for use in children 2 years old and up. Flonase is approved for use in children 4 years old and up.

Summary

Hopefully, this article helps clarify the differences and similarities of the two nasal steroid sprays available over-the-counter. Both sprays are highly effective for nasal allergies with minimal side effects. Thanks for reading!

Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH

Father. Husband. Sinusitis Nerd.

FAQs About Flonase and Nasacort

8 Common Signs and Symptoms of Sinus Infections

Fri, 14 Jan 2022 14:00:03 GMT

Sinus infections, also called sinusitis, happen when your sinuses swell up. The condition is common and usually not dangerous, and in most cases, it clears up within two to three weeks. However, it can occasionally take much longer or fail to heal on its own, in which case you will need medicine or treatment. Dr. Thomas Higgins at Higgins Sinus in Louisville, KY specializes in this condition and will be able to help you recover fully.

Many of the signs and symptoms associated with sinusitis are similar to those of a cold, so you might not realize that your sinuses are the issue at first. However, you might have a toothache, bad breath, and pain in your cheeks, eyes, and forehead in addition to the standard fever, headache, blocked nose, and mucus that comes with a cold or the flu. Let's examine the symptoms of the condition and when you should see a specialist.

8 Common Signs and Symptoms of Sinus Infections that Require Treatment in Louisville, KY

1. Pain in Your Cheeks, Eyes, and Forehead

We have four paired sinuses in our body: the frontal sinuses are located above each of your eyes, the maxillary sinuses are behind the cheekbones and near your upper jaw, the sphenoid sinuses are close to the optic nerve, and the ethmoid sinuses are a collection of six to twelve air cells, each one opening into your nasal cavity.

When you have an infection of these tissues, one of the most common problems is pain in the area where they are located. Any or all of them could be hurting, and the ache will feel like dull pressure. Additionally, there might also be swelling.

2. A Toothache

Sinusitis is occasionally confused with a toothache because your maxillary sinuses are so close to the teeth. When the cavity gets inflamed and expands, there is pressure on the teeth, and they will start to feel painful. You will know that the trouble is related to your sinuses if your upper back teeth are hurting on both sides.

Sometimes, the issue is also reversed. If there is damage to the teeth, this might cause a chronic sinus infection because the roots may extend into the sinuses. You should always contact a dentist when you have pain in your teeth, but if your discomfort is not caused by any dental issues, you should consider speaking to a sinus specialist.

3. A Headache

When your sinuses are inflamed, you'll feel pain in several different places around your head, which may eventually cause a tension headache and throbbing. Many people who have been diagnosed with sinus problems also tend to have migraines because of the constant pressure on the head. Sinus headaches usually get worse when you bend forward or lie down.

It can be hard to tell whether you simply have a migraine or whether your pain is caused by sinusitis. If you don't have any other symptoms on this list, you should speak to your family doctor first because you might be suffering from a different condition. Similarly, you'll also know you don't have a sinus headache if you're sensitive to light, as this isn't a symptom of sinusitis but it is common with other types of migraines.

4. A Blocked Nose

A clogged nose is a very common symptom of colds or the flu, but it can also indicate a problem with your sinuses. When you're experiencing this issue, the membranes in your nasal passages become irritated and inflamed, and they produce more mucus to try and flush out the irritant that is causing the problem. As with most of the symptoms mentioned here, you can try home remedies first, but you should see a specialist if they last for more than 10 days.

Make sure to keep your sinuses moist, for example by taking steamy baths or showers and drinking a lot of water. You can also use some over-the-counter decongestants if your blocked nose is irritating you significantly.

5. Green or Yellow Mucus

Depending on what bacteria or viruses are causing the infection, the color and consistency of your mucus might vary. People who are suffering from sinus infections often experience increased mucus production over a long period of time, and they might have trouble clearing the thick mucus no matter how many times they blow their nose. In some cases, you might also cough up phlegm of the same green or yellow color.

6. Bad Breath

The mucus that develops as a result of your infection sometimes smells bad, so you might start to notice that you suffer from bad breath, even if you don't usually have this issue. This is because a person with sinusitis can't drain mucus as effectively, so everything that is filtered from the air can get trapped and start causing unpleasant odors, both in the nose and in the throat.

Fortunately, this smell will vanish once your sinus infection has cleared up. If you have a persistent issue that is very hard to address, your sinus specialist can perform a balloon sinuplasty on you, which is a quick, in-office treatment that offers permanent sinus relief. A small balloon is inflated in your sinuses so that the airflow and shape can be restored. That way, the mucus can begin to clear, and your bad breath will vanish with it.

7. Loss of Your Senses of Smell and Taste

The nasal stuffiness and buildup of mucus that comes with sinusitis sometimes cause you to lose your senses of smell and taste. This can be either full or partial, and in most cases, it will disappear when your sinuses clear up. However, the symptoms shouldn't last for longer than two weeks, and you should consider specialized treatment if you have trouble regaining either one of these senses.

8. A Fever

Many people develop a fever when they're fighting off an infection. Sinusitis usually does not cause a fever, so a rise in body temperature could mean a complication of sinusitis , such as pneumonia or meningitis, or an infection in a different part of your body. Just like when you're suffering from a cold or the flu, you might have chills and muscle aches. If you have a body temperature greater than 100.4 degrees Fahrenheit for a prolonged period of time, you'll need to visit your physician.

Not only can persistent fever be dangerous if left untreated for a long time, but it can also make you feel fatigued and unable to function normally. Your doctor can tell you whether the sinusitis is behind the problem, so you can then get the help you need.

Sinus infections have a wide variety of symptoms that include ones similar to the common cold, such as a blocked nose, mucus coming from the nose, and a fever. However, you might also experience a loss of your sense of smell, bad breath, and toothache. If many of these signs are present and they persist after two to three weeks, you should see a specialist, as you might have a stubborn case of sinusitis.

Reach out to Dr. Higgins at Higgins Sinus in Louisville, KY to find out more about his innovative sinus treatments, particularly if your symptoms aren't improving or if you keep getting sinusitis. He will be able to evaluate whether there is a problem that needs to be fixed permanently and what the next steps could be.

Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH

Dad. Husband. Sinus Nerd.

How Is Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Performed?

Mon, 03 Jan 2022 02:10:14 GMT

Those who have visited the Waterfront Botanical Gardens in Louisville, KY will tell you the various floral fragrances please one's senses as much as the vivid colors of the countless flowers and plants gathered from around the world. If you suffer from sinus trouble, however, the experience isn't nearly as pleasurable. In fact, it could be irritating. For those with chronic sinus issues, Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (FESS) might be the solution to helping you breathe freely at last.

A minimally invasive procedure, FESS frees the sinus passages from infection and inflammation so that your olfactory system can function properly. The treatment is typically performed on an outpatient basis, with only minor discomfort, and presents less risk of post-operative complications than traditional sinus surgery. How is the procedure done? Why is it effective? Which patients would most benefit from undergoing treatment? What are the risks? What do sinuses actually do? Let us answer these questions and more for you.

What Are the Sinuses and What Is Their Purpose?
The sinuses are four cavities in the head, connected to the nose by narrow passages. The lower pair of sinuses are positioned, one each, to either side of the nose. The other pair is located above the eyes, in the furrow of the brow. All four sinuses produce mucus designed to clean the nose of dirt and bacteria. The mucus is delivered to the nose through the sinus passages, where it performs its function until you reach for a tissue.

What Is Acute Sinusitis?
Acute sinusitis occurs when inflammation causes the sinus passages to swell. Mucus then accumulates in the narrowed channels, making it difficult to breathe. When too much mucus accumulates in the sinus passages, the overflow drains into the throat rather than the nose. Meanwhile, the patient will experience tenderness and pressure around the cheeks, nose, eyes, and forehead, often resulting in pain and headaches. The pain tends to heighten when bending over.

Most often caused by the common cold, but also by allergies, immune disorders, cystic fibrosis, smoke inhalation, and nasal polyps or tumors, acute sinusitis is usually a temporary condition not requiring a doctor's attention. It can be treated with home and over-the-counter remedies which are usually effective within ten days. However, when acute sinusitis persists for more than twelve weeks despite self-treatment, it can be classified as chronic sinusitis, and a doctor should be consulted.

Is the Air Quality in Louisville, KY likely to Cause Acute or Chronic Sinusitis?
Actually, the air quality index in the Louisville, KY area tends to be an order of magnitude higher than the World Health Organization's recommended guidelines. The average person shouldn't be concerned about contracting sinusitis simply by going outside. Allergy sufferers are more susceptible to seasonal sinusitis, however, due to the circulation of natural pollens.

Which Patients Are Candidates for Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery?
Surgery is typically recommended for patients with recurrent acute sinusitis or chronic infective sinusitis. Even though FESS is minimally invasive, causes far less discomfort, and requires less intensive post-operative care, it should still be the last resort for treating recurrent or chronic forms of sinusitis, after treatments such as nasal steroid sprays, antihistamines, and antibiotics have failed to eradicate the infection. In especially severe cases where sinus infection has spread to the eyes, more conventional surgery is preferred to FESS.

What Is Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery ?
As mentioned, the surgery is a minimally invasive procedure most often performed in a doctor's office with no need for a hospital stay. The surgeon uses fiber-optic endoscopes to both diagnose and treat the patient's condition. Using sound waves and X-ray technology, the fiber-optics transmit a Computed Tomographic (CT) image, allowing the physician to view the patient's sinus passages, determine the location(s), extent, and possible anatomical causes of the condition.

In addition, the CT scan allows the surgeon to map out the patient's sinus cavities in relation to other cranial anatomy in preparation for the actual surgery. The procedure itself widens the sinus passages, allowing for greater ventilation. If necessary, the maxillary ostium (the gateway from the sinus to the sinus passage) is also widened. When the procedure is complete, the widened passages allow mucus to pass freely, relieving pressure and pain on the surrounding areas.

What Does Post-Operative Treatment Entail?
Following FESS, the patient's greatest concern is preventing a buildup of crusty materials in the nasal and sinus passages. The simplest treatment is a nasal douche, accomplished by spraying a saline solution into the nostrils. Patients should do this several times daily, at home or work. When self-treatment isn't sufficient, two or three weekly visits to the doctor for a more thorough nasal cleaning may be necessary. In either case, the estimated recovery time is typically one to two months.

For patients who suffer from more severe inflammation, prescription medication might be in order. A short course combining antibiotics and steroids typically speeds up the recovery process. When polyps or tumors were removed, the physician may prescribe topical steroids.

What Is the Success Rate for a FESS Procedure?
Studies show Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery is very effective, with success rates in the 80-90% range for patients undergoing surgery for the first time. Excellent rates are also reported for patients who have had previous surgeries. A successful procedure relieves the majority of the patient's symptoms. Sinus congestion and facial pain should quickly be relieved, but post nasal drip can sometimes persist.

What Are the Risks of Complications Following Surgery?
Due to FESS' minimally invasive nature, the risks of postoperative complications are extremely low. Cerebrospinal fluid leakage is the most frequently reported complication, usually detected during surgery, and easily repaired. Such leaks have occurred in 0.2% of surgeries, or one in 500. Blocked tear ducts and orbital hematoma are also infrequent occurrences. The most severe complication, damage to the optic nerve resulting in blindness, is extremely rare.

It should be noted that all of these complications are not exclusive to endoscopic procedures for chronic sinusitis. Each is a long-standing risk inherent in conventional sinus surgery, as well, and occurs with greater frequency in more invasive surgeries.

Why Is FESS Preferable to More Conventional Sinus Surgeries?
The major advantage to endoscopic surgery is its less-invasive nature. Before FESS, the considered opinion was that chronic sinusitis was irreversible and that the affected linings in sinus passages had to be removed. These surgeries were much more painful and resulted in significant bruising and discomfort, as well as scarring. Endoscopic outpatient treatment offers a significantly lower risk of permanent damage and a much greater promise of full, pain-free functionality.

Treatment for paranasal sinus conditions was greatly enhanced with the development of fiber-optic endoscopes and Computed Tomographic (CT) scanning. As a less invasive method with a lower risk of complications and more rapid recovery times than conventional surgeries, Functional Endoscopic Sinus Surgery is a treatment that restores normal sinus ventilation and function with minimal discomfort and time lost from work or the routines of everyday life. For patients who suffer from chronic sinusitis, it is frequently the best treatment option.

Dr. Thomas Higgins is a board-certified otolaryngologist practicing in Louisville, KY. An active member of the American Rhinologic Society and Clinical Assistant Professor at the University of Louisville School of Medicine, Dr. Higgins specializes in complex sinus disease. For a consultation, contact Higgins Sinus or visit one of our three practice centers in Louisville and Jeffersonville, IN.

Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH
Dad. Husband. Sinus Nerd.

What is Dupixent Used for?

Mon, 03 Jan 2022 02:10:12 GMT

Dupixent, also known as Dupilumab , is an injection that can help treat the symptoms of a number of conditions, such as atopic dermatitis and eczema, asthma, and nasal polyps. The drug, administered via an injection, works to calm down an overexcited immune system, so you will benefit from a reduced response. Here at Kentuckiana Ear, Nose & Throat and Higgins Sinus in Louisville, KY, your sinus specialist can prescribe the medicine.

When you come to the clinic for your initial consultation, we will evaluate all of your symptoms to see whether you are a good fit for this kind of treatment. You will then be booked in for your first injection and told what to do before and after you come for your appointment. Read on to find out more about the drug, what it treats, and what your sessions might be like.

What Is Dupixent Prescribed for?

Dupilumab is an injection that can help to curb several common allergy-like problems. It is a monoclonal antibody, and it binds to certain receptors, thereby preventing the body's overreaction that leads to inflammation. Once the immune system is calm, you are likely to experience fewer symptoms of atopic dermatitis, eczema, asthma, or nasal polyps.

While some people just need it as a short-term intervention, it has been proven safe in the long term, as well, so if your condition is chronic and has not been resolved by other measures, this injection could be a good option. Since it is a prescription medication, you'll have to make an appointment with your sinus specialist, who can tell you whether Dupilumab is the correct medicine for you and who can correctly inject it under your skin.

Atopic Dermatitis and Eczema

The primary condition that this drug treats is atopic dermatitis , which is the most common kind of eczema and affects around 16.5 million adults in the US. The issue usually starts in childhood, with many people experiencing it before their first birthday, but it can persist or even begin when the patient is older. Some of the most common symptoms are itching, dryness, and cracking of the skin. Your tissue might also feel sore and look discolored.

Most commonly, atopic dermatitis affects the hands, face, backs of the knees, insides of the elbows, and even the face and scalp, but it can occur anywhere on the body. You should always get in touch with a specialist if your symptoms are severe and difficult to live with, particularly if you've had the problem for more than 12 months. They will be able to diagnose the condition and let you know what types of interventions you can try.

Asthma

Asthma is a lung condition that also tends to begin in childhood and can cause difficulty breathing. There are four main symptoms sufferers may experience on a regular basis: coughing, a whistling sound when breathing that is often called wheezing, a tight chest, and breathlessness. An asthma attack happens when these symptoms suddenly get worse, and interventions such as using an inhaler are often needed.

Currently, there is no known cure for asthma, but the symptoms can be mitigated by using certain drugs such as Dupilumab. If you believe that you or your child is suffering from this condition, you shouldn't delay seeing a specialist. A diagnosis can be made through some simple tests, and various methods of coping with asthma will then be addressed.

Nasal Polyps

A polyp is a growth that is usually soft and painless, so you might not notice when this problem first crops up in your nose. However, when the polyp grows too large, you might start to experience various issues such as a runny or blocked nose, a post-nasal drip that causes a constant need to swallow, snoring, nosebleeds, or a reduced sense of smell or taste.

Your Louisville, Kentucky sinus specialist is the best person to speak to if you are suffering from any of these problems. Sometimes, you will need to have surgery to remove your nasal polyps, but this isn't always necessary. Dupixent can improve several of the symptoms you might be suffering from, such as the blocked nose or the loss of smell, and if you get treatment, you might be able to live with the condition without significant issues.

How Is it Administered?

As mentioned above, this medicine is administered in the form of an injection, which means that you have to go to your specialist's practice to receive it. Depending on your individual situation, your doctor might decide to inject it into your upper arm, your thighs, or your stomach, and the injection site will be different each time you come to the clinic.

Most people will initially receive two doses of 300 mg injections, then 300 mg every two weeks. However, this dosage might be slightly different in children and teenagers, depending on their current weight. To receive more detailed instructions and find out what will happen during your appointment, you should get in touch with your specialist. They will be able to tell you when to come in and what to do before and after your treatment.

Who Can Benefit?

Many of the conditions that are addressed by this injection affect children, so you may be wondering at what age it can be started. In most cases, children aged 6 and up can benefit from the treatment, although they might receive lower doses or fewer injections. Before proceeding, go through the list of ingredients with your doctor and confirm that you or your child is not allergic to any of them.

Extra caution is also advisable if you have a parasitic infection, eye problems, or are scheduled to receive a vaccine in the next days or weeks. Women who are currently pregnant or breastfeeding should wait to use Dupilumab until their child is a bit older. While there is no evidence that the drug causes the babies any harm, it's better to be on the safe side and avoid the extra risk.

How to Gain Access to the Medication

Now that you know which conditions can be treated by Dupilumab and how it is administered, you may wonder where you can gain access to it. The best place to go for nasal polyps is your local sinus specialist, who will be able to diagnose your condition and speak to you about your various options. If you decide that you'd like to try this treatment, you can then book an appointment for your first injection. Allergists, dermatologists, and pulmonologists also prescribe Dupilumab for asthma and atopic dermatitis.

Dupixent is a highly effective injection that is used to treat atopic dermatitis and eczema, asthma, and nasal polyps. It can be administered to adults, teens, and children over the age of 6, and there are very few contraindications except pregnancy and breastfeeding. For people with a long-term issue, the medicine can be used safely over several months or even years.

Get in touch with us today at Kentuckiana Ear, Nose & Throat and Higgins Sinus in Louisville, KY to find out more about this drug and some of the other interventions we offer. Dr. Thomas Higgins will be more than happy to welcome you to the clinic for your initial consultation. If you have nasal polyps, he can provide you with a wide range of minimally invasive solutions, so you can get back to normal as soon as possible.

Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH

Dad. Husband. Sinus Nerd.

What Happens if Nasal Polyps Go Untreated?

Mon, 03 Jan 2022 02:10:10 GMT

Nasal polyps can cause severe nasal congestion and loss of smell. Associated with asthma, having several sinus infections, or having allergies that affect your airways, anyone can suffer from this inflammatory condition. Dr. Thomas Higgins in Louisville, KY, can offer effective treatments for this condition.

But is addressing the problem really necessary or can your polyps be left untreated? Will they go away on their own? In most cases, treatment is highly recommended because larger polyps can cause many serious issues such as breathing problems, sleep disturbance, a loss of your senses of smell and taste, and recurring sinus infections. Today, let's examine what symptoms you might experience if you don't get your polyps reduced or removed.

Do Nasal Polyps Need to Be Treated?

Polyps are small, soft growths that can occur on their own or in small groups, and they might not cause a big issue at first, especially if they are small. Fortunately, they are usually non-cancerous, so polyps are not a life-threatening issue for the vast majority of patients.

Despite this, they can cause significant issues once they grow to a certain size. For example, you might have trouble breathing during the day or at night, you might not smell and taste as well as before, and you could get more frequent sinus infections. What's more, polyps are unlikely to go away spontaneously without treatment. For this reason, you should always visit a specialist when you've been diagnosed with this condition.

Breathing Problems

There are several reasons why patients might experience breathing problems, such as allergies, blocked sinuses, and being overweight. However, many of these issues are temporary and can be addressed holistically, while shortness of breath due to polyps is a permanent problem unless they are removed.

As the growths expand in your nasal passages, they block the airflow, thereby causing breathing trouble. When you visit your doctor because of this issue, they might recommend treatment that reduces the size of the polyp or eliminates it entirely.

Sleep Apnea

Obstructive sleep apnea happens when you temporarily stop breathing during the night because your airways are closed off by soft tissues. As a result, you might snore more, and you'll feel more tired during the day because you didn't rest properly at night. Some patients also report a morning headache, irritability, and difficulty paying attention.

In the long run, this condition shouldn't be taken lightly because it can cause significant issues such as heart trouble. Since your body doesn't get enough oxygen during the night, your blood pressure is increased and strain is put on your heart. What's more, you might no longer be eligible for certain types of surgery, since the inability to breathe can cause complications.

While nasal polyps are not usually the main cause of sleep apnea, the nasal blockage worsens sleep apnea symptoms and can make it difficult to use a CPAP. A recent treatment called Inspire Sleep is helping sleep apnea patients without the need for CPAP. ( Contact us to learn more . )

Loss of Your Senses of Smell and Taste

As we grow older, it's natural that we have a reduced sense of smell and taste. If you know you have polyps and you've experienced a sudden drop in the sensitivity of your nose or taste buds, this condition might be to blame. You should visit us when this happens because, unlike many other conditions related to these senses, polyps can often still be treated and you can regain your full sense of smell and taste.

Recurring Sinus Infections

Finally, you will also notice that you're more susceptible to sinus infections when you have large, untreated polyps in your nose. These can be very unpleasant because they include symptoms of the common cold such as fever, mucous discharge coming from the nose, and a blocked nose, but also headaches, toothache, and bad breath.

Having sinusitis on a regular basis can significantly affect your life, as you may not be able to complete all of your regular tasks well. You'll feel fatigued from the constant infection, which can affect your performance at work and your ability to participate in leisure activities.

What Are the Initial Symptoms of Polyps?

Now that you know why you shouldn't leave nasal polyps untreated for a long time, you might wonder whether there are any early signs that can indicate an issue. Although some of the symptoms that indicate polyps can be similar to those of sinusitis or the common cold, you'll know that it's a persistent problem when they don't disappear after two to three weeks.

If you suffer from a runny nose and stuffiness, postnasal drip, a loss of your senses of smell and taste, and pain in several areas of the face and teeth, you should speak to a specialist in your local Louisville, KY area, who can determine whether polyps are the cause.

A Runny Nose and Stuffiness

When your polyps start to grow and obstruct your nasal passages, they will trap some of the mucus your body produces to flush out waste products. It will be harder for you to get rid of the mucus by blowing your nose, so you will suffer from increased stuffiness. Additionally, the passages in your nose are more likely to get inflamed, and you might suffer from frequent sinus infections.

People who have polyps often feel like they have a persistent cold. If you notice that you've had a blocked nose for several weeks, it might be time to see a specialist and find out whether a polyp is causing the issue.

Postnasal Drip

A postnasal drip happens when your mucus runs down the back of your throat instead of coming out of your nose. When this occurs, you will want to clear your throat constantly, and you might cough more than usual. Many patients also develop a sore or scratchy throat over time. A postnasal drip shouldn't be ignored because it can cause an ear infection when your mucus clogs up your Eustachian tube.

Pain in the Face or Teeth

Not everyone who has polyps experiences pain, but if your nasal passages are crowded by a large number of small polyps or by one very large growth, you might start to experience pressure in the area. This can feel like a headache or a toothache, but if there are no indications of dental trouble and your symptoms don't match up with those of a migraine, a polyp could be behind the issue.

What Does Polyp Treatment in Louisville, KY Involve?

When you come to the clinic and speak to Dr. Higgins about your polyps, he will suggest a treatment method that fits your current needs. Some polyps can be removed with the help of drugs. If this doesn't work, he can perform an endoscopic polyp removal procedure. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery , also called FESS, works almost immediately, and your symptoms should disappear as soon as the procedure is over.

Nasal polyps should almost always be treated because they can cause significant issues such as breathing trouble, obstructive sleep apnea, a loss of your senses of smell and taste, and more frequent sinus infections. If you have been diagnosed with polyps, you should seek out a specialist who can help you to address the issue.

Schedule an appointment with us at Higgins Sinus in Louisville, KY to book an initial consultation and find out more about polyp treatment. Dr. Thomas Higgins will evaluate your situation carefully and suggest the least invasive treatment method possible. That way, you can prevent long-term issues and get back to normal as soon as possible.

Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH

Dad. Husband. Sinus Nerd.

Can treating the nose help with ear symptoms?

Mon, 03 Jan 2022 02:09:53 GMT

Some ear conditions are ultimately related to the nose. Once you think about the intertwined anatomy and physiology of these two body parts, it makes complete sense. The nose is connected to the ear via a functional tube called the Eustachian tube. This tube helps ventilate, drain, and maintain an equilibrium of air pressure in the middle ear. It opens in the back of the nose called the nasopharynx. If something were to block that opening, the system gets backed up, causing increased ear pressure and ear fluid.

We have known that one of the causes of ear infections or persistent middle ear fluid in kids is obstruction of the Eustachian tube from the adenoids, which are in the nasopharynx. Thus, performing an adenoidectomy is one of the treatments for chronic ear fluid in kids.

Our research group set out to see if chronic rhinosinusitis affected ear symptoms in adults and our findings were significant. We found that, in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis, ear symptoms and nose/sinus symptoms were strongly correlated . So, those with worse sinus symptoms seemed to have worse ear symptoms.

We also looked at how sinus surgery affected ear symptoms . In this study, 80% of the patients had improvement in ear symptoms with sinus surgery alone and 60% had complete resolution (or normalization) of their ear symptoms!

So, we have found it important to ask questions about both nose and ear symptoms because treating the nose is often the answer to solving certain ear problems.

Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH

Father. Husband. Sinusitis Nerd.

Dupixent and Xolair and COVID-19 Vaccines

Mon, 03 Jan 2022 02:09:50 GMT

Dupilumab (Dupixent) and omalizumab (Xolair) are biologics/monoclonal antibodies used to treat nasal polyps and asthma. So, can you take the COVID-19 vaccine while on these medications?

THE TWO FDA-APPROVED VACCINES ARE NOT LIVE VACCINES

The two COVID-19 vaccinations currently available (Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna) are both non-live, mRNA vaccines. The package insert for dupilumab states that live vaccines should be avoided because it has not been studied with live vaccines. Thus, from this standpoint, both of the medicines can be given.

ANTIBODY RESPONSES PRODUCED WITH OTHER VACCINES IN PATIENTS ON BIOLOGICS

Dupilumab has been studied with other non-live vaccines and the vaccines worked. In a study of atopic dermatitis adults on dupilumab, both the meningococcal polysaccharide and tetanus vaccines showed similar antibody responses in both placebo-treated and dupilumab-treated subjects.

NEITHER MEDICINE HAS IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE EFFECTS

Dupilumab and omalizumab "modulate" or change the behavior of the immune system, but neither medicine has been shown to reduce the immune system in studies.

JOINT STATEMENT FROM EXPERTS

According to a Joint Statement by the American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (AAO–HNS) and the American Academy of Otolaryngic Allergy (AAOA), dupilumab (Dupixent) and omalizumab (Xolair) should not be given on the same day but otherwise can be administered on the normal schedule.

CONCLUSION

Experts are currently recommending that patients continue dupilumab ( Dupixent ) and omalizumab ( Xolair ) when getting the COVID-19 vaccine as long as both the biologic and vaccine are not administered on the same day. Neither medication has been found to lower the immune system and the current vaccines are non-live. Always consult your treating physician for individual medical advice.

Cheers,
Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH
Father. Husband. Sinus Nerd.

Source: https://www.entnet.org/content/allergic-reactions-related-covid-19-vaccinations-allergic-patients

Drinking Beer Worsens Nasal Symptoms in a 35-Year-Old Man

Mon, 03 Jan 2022 02:09:48 GMT

Medscape.com asked me to give them a Case Challenge . I had a good one for them.

"A 35-year-old man with a history of adult-onset asthma has had nasal obstruction and smelling loss for 4 months. He also reports postnasal drainage, cough, runny nose, and facial pressure. He has no history of asthma or allergies as a child. He also has no history of previous nasal or paranasal sinus surgery. His symptoms worsen after drinking certain beers and also after using ibuprofen or aspirin."

This is a CT scan of his sinuses. White is bone. Black is air. Soft tissue is gray. The sinuses are supposed to contain air (black)!

There is not much black, meaning they certainly are filled up. No wonder he couldn't breathe!

Anyway, I was able get him better and he can even drink some beer now.

Read more here.

Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH

Father. Husband. Sinus Nerd.

Is a Deviated Septum Normal? When to Seek Treatment | Louisville

Mon, 03 Jan 2022 02:09:42 GMT

Looking into the patient's nose, I say to my assistant, “Please document there's a right-sided severe nasal septal deviation” to which the patient exclaims, “Is that normal?”

Well, let's talk about a deviated septum. The nasal septum divides the nose in the midline. It is made of portions of cartilage and bone that help direct the airflow through the nose. A part of the septum also has olfactory fibers on it to help with the sense of smell.

It's been shown that up to 80% of people have a deviated nasal septum. So this begs the question: since most people have a deviated septum, is it actually normal to have a deviated septum? It kind of is, in general, but there are a few factors that should be taken into account. One is the severity of the deviation. A mild deviated septum may not cause any problems, but a severe deviated septum can greatly impact the nasal airflow. So to answer whether or not it's normal depends on if it's causing any problems.

"Up to 80% of people have a deviated septum..."

The most common problem from a deviated septum is blockage of nasal breathing. A deviated septum can also contribute to recurring nosebleeds because the air you breathe dries out the nasal lining, causing tiny blood vessels to burst. Other symptoms include crusting from dryness and a decreased sense of smell due to reduced airflow reaching the olfactory nerves. In cases where symptoms are persistent or severe, a septoplasty procedure may be recommended to correct the deviation and restore proper airflow.

So, nasal septal deviations are not necessarily abnormal; however, those causing symptoms may benefit from surgical correction. There's not really a medicine that can correct a deviated septum because it is an anatomic anomaly. Sometimes topical sprays can help with the symptoms of obstruction by decreasing the inflammation around the deviated septum. If you are having nasal congestion, ask your doctor about it. You likely have a deviated septum (well, because most people do); an expert can help determine if it’s contributing to your issues.

Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH

Dad. Husband. Physician. Sinus Nerd .

What is the fastest way to get rid of a sinus infection?

Mon, 03 Jan 2022 02:09:40 GMT

Getting rid of a sinus infection depends on the cause. Viruses, bacteria, and fungi are potential culprits. Some non-infectious sources may also mimic the symptoms of sinus infections. Here is a list of remedies to consider based on the cause.

4 Treatments for 4 Different Sinus Conditions:

1. For a snotty nose that just started, the cause is likely a viral "cold" and humidification, decongestants, and saline nasal rinses , are helpful to get you through it.

2. For drainage lasting a week, especially if worsening, the cause is likely bacterial and antibiotics are helpful.

3. For headache and facial pain without drainage, consider something not related to the sinuses, such as tension headache, migraine, and facial muscle tension. The right treatment starts by knowing the right diagnosis.

4. For symptoms lasting over 3 months, you may have "chronic sinusitis" and you should consult a specialist . Things get complicated here and getting help is the way to go. You shouldn't have to go at it alone!

Thomas S. Higgins, Jr., MD, MSPH

Dad. Husband. Physician. Sinus Nerd.

Top 5 Innovations in Nose and Sinus Disease Treatment for 2019

Mon, 03 Jan 2022 02:09:34 GMT

The treatment of nose and sinus conditions has advanced markedly over the past few decades. Our understanding of the mechanisms involved in the body's inflammatory cascade has allowed development of new therapies. Advancements in functional endoscopic sinus surgery, image guidance, and balloon sinus ostial dilation have made surgical intervention much safer with far easier recovery than in the past when open procedures were standard and complications were more common. Here, I will summarize what I see as the innovations in nose and sinus treatment for 2019.

Innovations in nose and sinus treatment for 2019

1. Advancements in Nasal Polyposis Treatment

In the past, the treatment of nasal polyps was straightforward. The doctor would just look in the nose with a headlight and grab as many polyps as could be seen or until the patient could breathe again, then tamponade the bleeding. Researchers now recognize that different kinds of nasal polyps exist, and they are often associated with severe inflammation. A combination of surgery and medical therapies are often necessary. From topical therapies to medications specifically targeting the receptors of inflammation, many therapeutic options are now being studied and broadening the treatment algorithm.

2. Minimally-Invasive Procedures for Nasal Valve Stenosis

The nasal valve is a narrow part at the entrance of the nasal passageways. It can contribute to nasal obstruction when the nostril is either narrow (often a slit-like opening) or collapsing when sniffing. Nasal valve stenosis, as it is called, is the reason some athletes wear nasal strips as they temporarily stent open the nose. Surgical management using closed or open nasal valve repair or rhinoplasty techniques can be effective, but they often are associated with delicate soft tissue dissection, general anesthesia, and prolonged recovery with bruising. New techniques have been developed to address nasal valve stenosis in the office and quicker recovery.

3. Expanded Image Guidance Technology

Image guidance is like a GPS system surgeons can use to determine exact location (to a millimeter or so) in which their instruments are in the sinus cavities. This system helps surgeons thoroughly investigate the surgical site and avoid severe complications from injury of surrounding structures. Because the advances in computer science, image guidance systems are now getting important updates, including higher accuracy, mapping of the sinus pathways, warnings for encroachment on vital structures, and virtual endoscopy.

4. Cryotherapy for Chronic Rhinitis

Have you ever noticed all the grandpas and grandmas who have tissue paper with them to wipe the constant drip from their noses? This drip is a form of vasomotor rhinitis (a nerve-generated runny nose). A nasal spray may help, but it is not always effective and some may not like its drying effects. There is a surgical approach to cut the nerve responsible for this condition; however, the surgery can be challenging and cause severe dry eye. New technology permits freezing the nerve to deactivate it in the office. Research has shown effectiveness, although it is still too early to know exactly how long the symptom resolution lasts.

5. 4K HD Video Medical Monitors

This one shows how far healthcare lags behind the general market in digital technology. Homes all across the world have 4K Ultra HD televisions now. And we are excited about 4K Ultra HD monitors? Doctors are going to be bragging about having 4K monitors and going home to their 8K HD television sets! Anyway, these monitors do greatly enhance our visualization, so they are still a medical innovation worth mentioning.

These innovations are helping doctors treat nose and sinus conditions better than ever before. As our understanding of the complexity of these conditions expands, researchers continue to discover more effective and safer treatment options. It is an exciting time to be involved in the care and research of rhinologic problems.

Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH

Dad. Husband. Physician. Sinus Nerd.

Sinus Surgery: What to Expect

Mon, 03 Jan 2022 02:09:32 GMT

New Paragraph

Dr. Thomas Higgins named faculty for RhinoWorld Chicago 2019

Mon, 03 Jan 2022 02:09:11 GMT

Every 10 years, American and International Rhinology Societies collaborate to host a large meeting of experts from around the world, called RhinoWorld, the premier congress for rhinologists. This year's meeting will be held in Chicago, IL. Dr. Thomas Higgins was invited to be faculty and provide his expertise in the management of chronic sinus conditions. The website for RhinoWorld Chicago 2019 states, "The faculty are broad and deep, representing major centers in the United States and internationally." Dr. Higgins is honored and excited to take part in this grand meeting.

See the meeting website at www.rhinoworld2019.com . See the list of invited faculty, including Dr. Thomas Higgins .

What Happens During Septoplasty?

Sun, 03 Oct 2021 01:10:07 GMT

Septoplasty is a procedure designed to treat a deviated septum. In other words, it is used to straighten out the cartilage and bones that separate your nostrils. Some people are born with a deviated septum, and some people develop this condition after a traumatic facial injury. Regardless, it must be treated as soon as possible. Today, our experts at the office of Dr. Thomas S Higgins, MD, MSPH in Louisville, KY discuss everything you need to know.

What Happens During a Septoplasty?

During this procedure, your nasal septum will be trimmed if it is too wide. Then, your cartilage and bone will be repositioned. Depending on whether you were born with a deviated septum or developed one recently, we may also replace some of the cartilage and bone. If the structural damage to your septum is along your nose's bridge, we will graft extra cartilage from another part of your body and reinforce the cartilage currently supporting your septum.

Is This Procedure Painful?

Not really, patients often comment how little pain or discomfort they experience after this procedure. The procedure is usually performed under general anesthesia. It may be administered intravenously or it may be inhaled. Depending on the scope of your procedure, your health, and your personal preference, you may only require local anesthesia.

General anesthesia is ideal for many procedures because it numbs the entire body and puts you to sleep so you will not feel anxious during your procedure. Local anesthesia is administered into your nasal tissues via injection and numbs only the nose. If you would like to be sedated during your procedure, this will be done intravenously, but you will still be conscious. The intravenous sedation will only make you feel groggy.

How Should I Prepare for My Procedure?

There are several very important things you must do in preparation for your procedure. One of the most important things you can do pre-op is to stop smoking and drinking alcohol. It is so important to refrain from consuming alcohol and tobacco products because these products contain chemicals that elevate your blood pressure. Elevated blood pressure may affect your procedure and will slow down your recovery significantly.

Another very important thing you must do to prepare for your procedure is to ensure you are hydrated. The more hydrated you are, the smoother your procedure and recovery will go. Other important preparation steps include not taking NSAIDs, not taking fish oil supplements, and not taking garlic supplements. These drugs and supplements will thin your blood and may affect your procedure.

Will I Have to Fast Before My Procedure?

We will advise you on whether you need to fast before your procedure during your initial consultation. If you are only receiving local anesthesia, there will be no need to fast.

However, if you have general anesthesia, you must refrain from eating or drinking during the eight hours leading up to the time you are scheduled to arrive at our office. Note, you may drink clear liquids, like water up to two hours before your scheduled arrival time.

What Happens After This Procedure?

Once your septum is repaired, we will use absorbable sutures to close the incisions. If your septum needs a little extra support during your recovery, we will insert a soft silicone splint into each nostril. Also, a bandage may be packed into your nose temporarily. Once all of that is done, we will move you to a recovery room and observe you for a few hours to ensure that your general anesthesia wears off enough.

What Should I Expect During My Recovery Period?

During the first 24 to 72 hours following your procedure, you should expect to feel pretty groggy. This is a natural response to sedatives regardless of whether you receive intravenous sedation or general anesthesia. Also, you will feel tired because it takes energy for your body to heal, which is what it will be concentrating on for a few days.

How Should I Care for Myself During My Recovery Period?

There are several things you must do to care for yourself during your recovery period. For instance, you must keep your head elevated above your head while you sleep. To accomplish this, you may want to sleep with a travel pillow under your neck, sleep with an extra pillow under your head, or sleep in a recliner. It is also highly advisable to wear dresses or button-up shirts so you don't have to pull anything over your head.

Furthermore, it is very important that you avoid strenuous activities for up to two weeks post-op. If you have a strenuous job, we will meet with you when you start to feel like your old self to determine whether it is safe for you to go back to work.

Is There Anything Else I Should Avoid Post-Op?

Yes, there are other post-operate restrictions. For instance, it is very important that you don't blow your nose for several weeks. If your nostrils feel itchy, you can spray a saline solution into your nostrils to relieve the itching. You can make your own sterile saline solution by boiling tap water and mixing salt and baking soda into it, or you can use distilled water that doesn't need to be boiled. You can also purchase nasal spray at your favorite pharmacy.

Other things you should avoid during your recovery period include steaming hot water and foods, alcohol, spicy foods, and tobacco products. It is very important to keep your blood pressure normal while you recover.

How Long Will My Recovery Period Take?

You will only need to take a few days off from school, or you will only need to take a few days off from work if you have a sedentary job. If you have a strenuous job, you may need to take over a week off. We will bring you in for a follow-up appointment after your procedure to assess your recovery and advise you on how much of your routine you can get back to. As for complete recovery, you will only need to wait four to eight weeks.

Am I a Good Candidate for This Procedure?

To determine whether septoplasty is right for you, it is important that you come in for an initial consultation. During this initial consultation, we will discuss your medical history, including any other procedures or treatments you have had in the area. We will also discuss your current health to ensure you are currently healthy enough to undergo this procedure.

Septoplasty is a procedure that will improve your breathing by trimming off any excess cartilage and bone, reposition your nasal septum as necessary, and replace any damaged cartilage. To find out if this procedure is right for you, visit the office of Dr. Thomas S Higgins, MD, MSPH in Louisville, KY for an initial consultation. We look forward to meeting you and helping you improve your breathing.

Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH

Dad. Husband. Sinusitis Nerd.

Are Balloon Sinuplasty Results Permanent?

Sun, 05 Sep 2021 01:10:05 GMT

Imagine breathing freely, with an improved sense of smell and far less drainage at the back of your throat. Fortunately, this scenario can exist. One of the ways we do this is with a fast and relatively easy treatment known as balloon sinuplasty. This procedure improves the drainage of the sinuses while preserving normal anatomy and mucosal tissue. And it's ideal for many patients who suffer from chronic sinusitis.

Are Balloon Sinuplasty Results Permanent?

Although the reasons for chronic sinusitis can be many, it's generally related to inflammation of the tissue in the sinus cavities, making it extremely difficult to remain clear.

Balloon sinuplasty (BS) aims to restore normal sinus function and provide patients with relief from chronic sinusitis. It's a minimally invasive treatment that uses a small, flexible catheter and sinus balloon. The balloon is inflated after being inserted into the nostril and gently opens the sinus passageway. This moves the surrounding tissues, and unlike medications that merely treat symptoms, BS provides a lasting solution to chronic sinusitis. Because of the complex nature of chronic sinusitis, it is difficult to know if the results will be permanent. However, many clinical trials have shown that many patients do not require any additional procedures.

How is Balloon Sinuplasty Performed?

Balloon sinuplasty earned FDA approval in 2005 and has since been used to restore normal sinus function, including proper drainage, in tens of thousands of patients. The treatment can often be performed in the office without general anesthesia. It boasts an excellent safety profile and, because it doesn't cut into bone or tissue, may have fewer side effects than endoscopic sinus surgery in carefully selected patients. For instance, patients tend to have:

Minimal pain after the procedure
Little to no blood loss
No bruising
No swelling

We begin by using a small camera and inserting that balloon catheter into the nostril. The balloon is gently guided into one of the sinus cavities, allows us to gain access to the blocked sinus passageway. Once the balloon is inflated, a saline solution may be sprayed into the nostril to flush out further blockages.

Does Balloon Sinuplasty Break Bones?

Balloon sinuplasty is a minimally invasive procedure that does not involve any breaking of facial bones. It is performed inside the nose using a small camera and a dilation device that goes into the natural openings of the maxillary, frontal, or sphenoid sinuses. This means that there is no cutting or bone manipulation involved, and patients usually do not have any bruising. Pain or discomfort after the procedure is also usually minimal.

What to Expect after Balloon Sinuplasty

After ensuring the nasal passage is cleared, we deflate and withdraw the balloon. The entire process can usually be completed in under an hour, and patients often resume their normal activities the following day. Even the recovery is straightforward with simple methods to care for your nose and nasal passageways. For instance, you'll need to give your body enough time to recover - a minimum of 12 to 24 hours.

You'll also need to resist blowing your nose for at least 24 hours. Your tissues will need a little TLC, and blowing only serves to cause irritation. We may provide a nasal spray to use at home that will help safely rinse your passageway. Doses are typically administered every four hours, but we'll tailor treatment to meet your specific needs. Last but not least, if we provide prescription medications, it's important you follow them as directed.

Who is a Candidate for Balloon Sinuplasty?

Sinusitis impacts 37 million Americans every year. While medications offer relief for some people, it's not a cure-all. Many patients require additional therapy to address their symptoms, and this is where balloon sinuplasty can provide much-needed help. The treatment can be especially beneficial to Louisville, KY patients who have endured years of sinus and allergy problems.

Our staff will discuss in greater detail your candidacy for BS. Generally speaking, those with the following symptoms feel much better after treatment:

Recurrent sinus infections
Chronic nasal problems
Difficulty breathing through the nose
Weakened sense of smell

What is the Difference Between Balloon Sinuplasty and Sinus Surgery?

Balloon sinuplasty is a good option for many patients. Your doctor has the experience and expertise to provide recommendations from a variety of sinus procedures, including surgery involving an endoscope and balloon sinuplasty.

In endoscopic sinus surgery, a thin camera rod with a light at the end is used to magnify sinus tissues and specialized instruments can then be used to remove blockages, including scar tissue and nasal polyps.

Does Balloon Sinuplasty Work?

Multiple clinical studies confirm that balloon sinuplasty provides lasting relief from the many symptoms that accompany sinusitis. We're talking about concerns like sore throat, headache, facial pain, stuffy or runny nose, and cough. And the patient success rate associated with this treatment is around 95%.

These same studies show BS opens sinus cavities without causing unwanted side effects like facial bruising and significant discomfort. Equally important, patients do not have to pack their noses with gauze after the treatment.

Studies further show us that patients who undergo BS have substantial improvements to their quality of living. An analysis of 45 different studies revealed that up to 97% of all patients feel relief after treatment. They experience fewer headaches, breathe better, and enjoy improved sleep. They also lead healthier lives thanks to a reduction in recurring sinus and throat infections.

How Long Does Balloon Sinuplasty Last?

The results of Balloon sinuplasty can vary from patient to patient. Many people experience symptom relief for at least two years after the procedure, but it can last much longer for some. Regular follow-ups with your otolaryngologists or rhinologist are important to monitor your sinus health after the procedure. You should also keep in mind that symptoms of sinusitis can also be related to many factors, including such issues as allergies, inflammation, and immunodeficiency, that require other treatment options.

Frequently Asked Questions for Balloon Sinuplasty in Louisville, KY

We encourage patients to get answers to their questions before moving forward with treatment. To illustrate, many people want to better understand the exact nature of sinusitis. Let's begin by describing the sinuses, which are four paired cavities in the head. They're connected by narrow channels that help drain the mucous they create. That drainage is important - it keeps the nose clean and free of harmful bacteria.

The sinuses are normally filled with air but can become blocked. When this happens, they also fill with fluid that encourages the growth of bacteria. This leads to tissue swelling that makes breathing highly difficult.

How Long Do I Need to Wait to Exercise after Balloon Sinuplasty?

Earlier, we said most patients resume normal activities within one day. This includes light exercise like walking. Strenuous activities, however, should be delayed at least a week. We can discuss this more during your consultation, at which time we'll assess your condition and ask about your treatment goals.

How Do Nasal Passageways Remain Open After Balloon Sinuplasty?

Balloon Sinuplasty dilates sinus openings by pushing aside bones that comprise the sinus ostia. These are the openings that form drainage channels for the sinuses. By physically moving that bone, we're able to remodel the ostia and create wider openings.

From What Material is the Balloon Used in Sinuplasty Constructed?

Many patients have a latex allergy that might cause them to initially question Balloon Sinuplasty treatment, but the balloon used is made from a high-strength plastic free of latex. This means it can be safely used even on those with common allergies.

Is Treatment Safe for Children?

Balloon Sinuplasty appears to be an effective and safe way to relieve chronic sinusitis symptoms in children. Many health care providers recommend BS for children to open airways and improve breathing difficulties magnified by sinusitis. Several studies have demonstrated low rates of adverse effects.

How Did This Treatment Originate?

Minimally invasive functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) has been a standard of care since the 1980s. The idea with FESS is to relieve sinus obstruction and recreate the natural outflow of the sinuses. BS started after biomedical engineers reasoned that just as a surgeon can dilate a blocked artery with a balloon, the same could be done with blocked sinuses. BS evolved from this theory and has become a procedure that can be quickly performed, as an in-office treatment, and doesn't require significant downtime.

BS can provide the sinusitis relief you've been searching for. It clears nasal passages, reduces headaches, and improves quality of life. And these benefits are enjoyed without a long and arduous recovery period. Schedule your consultation today by contacting Dr. Thomas S Higgins, MD, MSPH .

Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH

Husband. Dad. Sinusitis Nerd.

A Look at How We’ve Handled Pandemics Over Time

Sun, 29 Aug 2021 01:10:03 GMT

What do the Black Death, the bubonic plague, cholera, polio, the flu, and COVID-19 all have in common? They’re all pandemics (or epidemics, in some cases) that have significantly impacted our way of life. Read on to learn more about how we have handled pandemics throughout history, and how it relates to current events.

The Difference Between a Pandemic and an Epidemic

Outbreaks of disease have been occurring throughout history for thousands of years. In fact, the first recorded pandemic took place in Athens, Greece, during the Peloponnesian War in 430 B.C.

A ‘pandemic’ is an outbreak of disease that has spread across several countries or continents, affecting a very wide geographical area. An ‘epidemic’, on the other hand, is an outbreak of disease that occurs within one location. While many people use the term ‘plague’ when talking about a pandemic, a plague refers to the spread of an infectious disease caused by a specific bacterium, Yersinia pestis.

A pandemic follows six key phases , as outlined by the World Health Organization :

A disease-causing organism (pathogen) circulates among animals. It may or may not be known to infect humans.
A pathogen that circulates among animals is known to cause infections in humans.
An animal-to-human infection has occurred but has not escalated to a community outbreak.
A human-to-human infection has occurred, and community-level outbreaks have been verified.
Community-level outbreaks have occurred in two or more countries in one WHO region.
A community-level outbreak has been identified in a third country, in a different WHO region. It is at this phase that a pandemic is declared.

How We Have Responded to Pandemics in the Past

Viral pandemics can spread incredibly quickly, infecting millions of people around the world. Here are some examples of how we’ve navigated them in the past.

The 1918 Influenza

Caused by an H1N1 influenza virus, the 1918 influenza was a devastating pandemic that infected an estimated one-third of the world’s population, killing approximately 20–40 million people by 1920. The flu vaccine was not developed and distributed until 1930, so control efforts were limited to non-pharmaceutical interventions, such as social distancing, quarantine, personal hygiene, and limitations on public gatherings.

The 1968 Pandemic

1968 was notable for a multitude of reasons—including manned space travel, the military conflict in Vietnam, and even innovations in heart transplant surgery—but it was also the year of the H3N2 influenza pandemic in the United States . Although the infection and mortality rate was not as high as during the 1918 pandemic, it was responsible for an estimated 100K deaths in the US. Schools were closed across at least 23 states, and ‘normal’ life was significantly disrupted , including delayed package deliveries, economic slowdown, and widespread closures.

The 2009 H1N1 Pandemic

First detected in the US in April 2009, the H1N1 pandemic is perhaps our most recent memory of a viral outbreak. Before the pandemic even reached phase 6, the CDC was recommending social distancing measures and school closures to slow the spread of the disease.

Following the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, the CDC established the Pandemic Influenza Preparedness (PIP) Framework to improve the global response to mitigating the effects of a pandemic, including providing access to resources such as vaccines and supplies.

How We Are Responding to the COVID-19 Pandemic is No Different

Although the world is no stranger to pandemics and outbreaks of disease, COVID-19 took many of us by surprise. The rapid spread and severity of symptoms brought the world to a halt—businesses and schools were closed, and we were all encouraged to social distance and isolate to slow the spread. Face masks have become a fashion statement and hand sanitizer is readily available at the entrance of public buildings.

While the rush to stockpile toilet paper was perhaps a bit out of the ordinary, it’s important to note that the way we are responding to the COVID-19 pandemic is in line with how we have handled pandemics in the past. And just like we’ve seen in our history, the way back to ‘normal’ is by getting vaccinated and following the CDC’s guidelines .

Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH

Husband. Father. Sinusitis Nerd.

Is the COVID-19 vaccine safe?

Mon, 23 Aug 2021 01:09:59 GMT

There have been more than 37 million cases of COVID-19 in the United States , with over 620 thousand deaths since March of last year. The world came to a halt in 2020 as we were urged to stay home in an effort to slow the spread of the highly contagious coronavirus. Now, halfway through 2021, hope is on the horizon: major pharmaceutical companies—such as Pfizer, BioNTech, Moderna, and Johnson & Johnson—have developed and distributed vaccines to countries around the world. Here’s what you need to know.

The Benefits of Being Vaccinated

The COVID-19 vaccine will not make you immune to the coronavirus, but it can significantly reduce the severity of symptoms if you do get sick. The vaccine may also prevent you from spreading the virus to others. The virus replicates as it spreads, increasing the risk of vaccine-resistant mutations, so it’s important that we do what we can to stop the spread.

At the time of writing this, more than 4.74 billion doses of the vaccination have been administered worldwide, with over 350 million doses given in the United States. Approximately 51% of people in the United States have been fully vaccinated, with around 77% of the population having received at least one dose . Health officials are aiming to reach a total of 70% of Americans fully vaccinated in an effort to achieve herd immunity, which helps protect those in our community with serious medical conditions that prevent them from being able to be vaccinated.

Is the Vaccine Safe?

Vaccine safety has been a popular topic in recent years, with many people expressing concern and spreading misinformation regarding potential side effects or risks associated with vaccinations in general. The hurried release of the COVID-19 vaccination has led many people to question whether or not it is safe, however, it has been fully approved for emergency use by the Food & Drug Administration (FDA) .

Healthcare professionals and government officials have gone to great lengths to assure people that the vaccine is safe for use . While vaccines—and most medications, for that matter—do carry a risk of side effects, the overall risk is quite low. For example, the Johnson & Johnson Janssen vaccine carries an increased risk of blood clots (otherwise known as thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome or TTS) but this occurred in only 0.0003% of cases or 42 out of the 13 million people who received the J&J vaccine. Comparatively, the average birth control pill carries a 0.3% risk of blood clots.

Get Your Vaccination Today!

Everyone 12 years of age and older is eligible to receive a COVID-19 vaccine free of charge. Visit the CDC’s website to find a vaccination provider near you , or to learn more about the benefits of being vaccinated.

The case rates are climbing again, with an average of 140 thousand new cases every day over the past week. I truly believe that the way back to ‘normal’ is by getting as many people vaccinated as possible. Speak to your doctor or a trusted healthcare professional to learn more about the COVID-19 vaccine, including the risks and potential side effects.

Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH

Husband. Father. Sinusitis Nerd.

Anosmia From COVID-19: Can It Be Reversed?

Mon, 16 Aug 2021 01:09:57 GMT

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One of the strangest and most frustrating symptoms of COVID-19 is anosmia, or the loss of the sense of smell. Losing your sense of smell can impact many parts of your life, including your appetite. For some people, the sense of smell returns after several days or weeks - but for others, losing the sense of smell can be a persistent issue.

Anosmia From COVID-19: Can It Be Reversed?

Of all the symptoms related to the COVID-19 pandemic, losing the sense of smell can be a symptom you have to deal with for several weeks or months after you are no longer testing positive for the virus. Just like losing your sense of taste, losing your sense of smell can change the way you live your life, so it's understandable to want to know when you can expect your senses to return back to normal.

The good news is that time seems to be the answer to reversing anosmia. In a French study conducted on coronavirus patients, researchers concluded that most patients regained their sense of smell after nearly a year after contracting the virus. And yet for others, regaining the sense of smell is something that returns after about two weeks of other symptoms going away.

Why Do Some People Get Their Sense of Smell Back More Quickly?

There's a huge difference between getting your sense of smell back after a few weeks or after a year. While researchers are still trying to figure out why some patients seem to recover their sense of smell more quickly than others, new research may suggest that it has to do with the way the virus affects the cells surrounding the sensory neurons in the nose. Specifically, it has to do with how quickly the cells surrounding the sensory neuron can recover.

Viral Infections and Your Sensory Neurons

For years, physicians have been aware that viral infections can sometimes cause patients to lose certain senses temporarily, including the sense of smell. But because this phenomenon pre-COVID was somewhat rare, there hasn't been an opportunity for much research. Now, research studies about why anosmia happens to COVID patients and how to recover your sense of smell are constantly being conducted.

What scientists have discovered about this particular viral infection is that the virus appears to target specific cells in the body - and this includes the cells that surround sensory neurons in the nasal passage called support cells. Essentially, the virus attacks and damages these support cells, which prevents them from helping the sensory neuron send information to the brain. When the support cells are infected, you lose your ability to smell; when these cells are repaired, your sense of smell returns.

Do Long-Haulers Have It Worse?

Long-haulers are the people who had COVID symptoms for several weeks or even months. In general, long-haulers dealt with more exaggerated symptoms than others while their bodies battled the viral infection. Some research suggests that the longer you have symptoms, the longer it will take for some symptoms to go away. This seems to be particularly true for the loss of taste and smell.

Compared to people who had mild or asymptomatic infections, long-haulers seem to have more challenges returning to pre-COVID health. If you battled COVID for several weeks or months, then you may want to see a specialist to do a thorough health check or even participate in post-COVID studies.

Can Anosmia Be Permanent?

About 80% of patients who have COVID-19 will temporarily lose their sense of smell, and for about 5 to 10% of those patients, this symptom will continue even after patients have recovered from other symptoms and are no longer infected. And while most of those patients can regain their sense of smell after several months to a year, there are still some patients who may have a longer-lasting issue.

The trouble with regaining your sense of smell is that your sensory nerves need to be surrounded by supportive cells, otherwise the nerves die or atrophy. It's incredibly difficult for sensory neurons to repair themselves, so if you are experiencing a persistent loss of sense of smell for longer than a year, then it's possible your sense of smell may never return. That said, experts suggest that maybe patients with persistent anosmia may just need additional time for their sense of smell to return.

Can You Help Your Sense of Smell Return?

This is a question scientists have been trying to answer. Because the virus is thought to affect the function of the sensory nerves, research for how to regain the sense of smell after COVID is focusing on a blend of neurological research and ear, nose, throat experts. One study is working on the association between visual cues and scent to try to retrain the brain.

In this study, participants are asked to smell essential oils or other scents while looking at a picture that represents the scent. In doing so, researchers are trying to figure out if the sensory nerves can re-learn scent associations. According to some, this research is long overdue since a lot still isn't known about viral-associated anosmia. The novel coronavirus has opened new demands in research that can help shed light on how to recover from certain viral infections.

What Is a Good Sign Your Smell Can Return?

For patients who have regained or partially regained their sense of smell, one of the most hopeful signs to look out for is hints of scents. While you are trying to recover your sense of smell, you may only be able to detect very faint traces of certain scents. But this is a hopeful sign that your sensory neurons and support cells are still functional and that your sense of smell is returning, however slowly.

Why Does Your Sense of Smell Matter?

In the grand scheme of things, if you've survived COVID-19, then regaining your sense of smell may not be one of your top priorities, especially for long-haulers. But your sense of smell, just like any other sense, is important to lead your life safely and independently. In fact, in terms of safety, not having a sense of smell can be dangerous. If you can't smell fire, gas, or something burning without looking directly at it, then you may unknowingly be in danger.

But more than that, many patients feel nostalgic about their sense of smell. Neurologists have known for years that the olfactory senses are closely linked with memory, so the loss of smell may make it difficult to have easier memory recall. Additionally, your sense of smell and your sense of taste are closely tied, and for some people, being unable to smell food makes it difficult to have an appetite, which can negatively impact your overall health over time.

Losing your sense of smell is one of the hallmarks of the novel coronavirus. For many people, losing the sense of smell is one of the first symptoms they experience after fever and fatigue - and this symptom is, unfortunately, one that can persist even after all the other symptoms associated with the viral infection have disappeared. The good news is that time seems to be the key to regaining your sense of smell. For more up-to-date information about recovery from COVID-19, contact Dr. Thomas S Higgins, MD, MSPH at Higgins Sinus in Louisville, KY today.

Thomas S. Higgins, MD, MSPH

Father. Husband. Sinusitis Nerd.